• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.431-446
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to examine current foodservice management practices at free congregate meal service for elderly people. Forty seven meal service centers as well as randomly selected Seoul and Kyunggido area were surveyed and interviewed and results were summarized as follows: The cost of each meal(lunch) was ranged from 1,300 won to 1,500 won and 68% of target centers were severed over 100 meals per day. Meal time for lunch begins from 10:30 am to 12:00 because great portion of elderly didn't take breakfast frequently. 52.3% of centers severed meal 5 times per week, just weekdays. 21.3% of centers employeed dietitian, 63.8% of center employeed cook. 95.7% of center were supported labor force by volunteers. Volunteer was important contribution to free meal service. Utilizing the labor force more effectively is thus a major challenge facing manager in each center. Ideal supporting system of free foodstuff, foodbank was still minor source of securing foodstuff. Most of centers(46 centers)served lunch, only one of them served breakfast and lunch. Government was the major financial sponsor, the second of them was religious organization. The large portions of financial support provided only food cost of total meal service budget. Most of center adapted self-service system. Standardized recipes were not developed and meal preparation was controlled under the experience of volunteers. Recording system of nutrition management, production control, storage and inventory control was not adapted by most of sites. It is suggested that in order to meet the change of the patterns of social and family structure, the service of the center should be offended in urban area and it is necessary to develop systematic management models for the center. It was suggested that not only financial support but also systematical support on management by the local government may be necessary to meet the goal of supply nutritionally balanced food at center.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.216-224
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• 2012

Usually, bundled software is unwittingly packaged with a user's PC when purchased it. A reason of provides it is for manufacturers to increase the value of the product. However, almost users cannot recognize bundled SW. Paradoxically, sometimes the bundled SW may complain to the user. Eventually these symptoms negatively affect the product. As a result, the SW bundle could not reflect user needs. This study for installed bundled SW on users laptop and we would like to know the understanding and acceptance it of the user. Finally, how can we provides it more effectiveness and looking for ways to make was conducted. From a user perspective, these study four major countries (USA, Germany, China, South Korea) laptop users to perform a total 3,000 people were surveyed. A method of investigation was the quantitative evaluation survey and was conducted online survey approach. Through this study was an analysis to awareness of users by different ages, gender, and usage patterns. Bundle SW through the study of the laptop to the user, effectively providing a way to be confirmed. And right through bundle SW distribution is expected to increase the manufacturer's worth.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.342-364
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• 2014

The purpose of this paper is to provide an answer for the following question: What are the major shifts and implications of the unprecedently competitive and rapidly changing media ecosystem in the era of N-screen and OTT services? I've attempted to understand the complex and competitive nexus among media from an historical context by focusing on the displacement vs. complement thesis. The TPC model by Han has been employed for the analysis of the current dynamics of US media industries by triangulating three areas: Technology/industry, public policy and consumer/culture. More specifically, the US media landscape is initially divided into two competitive turfs - the competitors equipped with OTT services and the legacy media industry, and then the traditional media industry was grouped again into PayTV group(telecom service providers with IPTV and mobile TV, cable/Satellite TV networks) and Free (over-the-air) TV networks. Six major shifts were identified by the analysis: power shift in telecom carriers, power shifts in TV industry, Telecom/OTT partnership, time shifts, place shifts, and finally business model shifts.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.83-103
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• 2009

The Computer Interchange of Museum Information (CIMI), operating from 1990-2003, was charged with creating and introducing the international museum community to the concept of adopting metadata industry standards. The CIMI consortium exceeded its original mission by; creating a standards framework, profile, testbeds, important metadata publications, free downloadable metadata software and protocols, and providing instrumental guidance and support in development of new projects. However, CIMI's emphasis on the importance and utility of a standards-based approach and the necessity for implementing the CIMI Standards Framework is probably its most important achievement. During CIMI's tenure, museums reaped the benefits by learning how to apply the model and standards to meet their individual needs while not having to invent new ones or bear the cost of software development. Although CIMI operations ceased in 2003, its impacts on museum related metadata application and research were unprecedented in that it provided the standards prototype and foundations on which to build. This paper discusses what CIMI bequeathed to the next generation of museum metadata field developers and describes the anticipated realm of future projects and advancement.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.81-90
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• 2008

Bus passengers need some time to adapt to the changed bus route or free bus transfer system which is part of the public transportation system restructuring plan. This research is focused on the characteristics of monthly patterns of bus passengers. The period of stabilization of bus passenger demand after the rearrangement of bus route system by a time series were analysed. In order to look into the characteristics of bus passenger demand by month, data on the number of monthly bus passengers of recent five years in metropolitan cities across the nation was collected. Kendall's coefficient of concordance is used to test whether the cities showed concordance with respect to the number of monthly bus passengers during a period of five years. The study collected and performed a time series analysis of data on the number of monthly bus passengers during the past ten years in Daegu metropolitan area which carried out a new bus route plan in February 2006. The number of monthly bus passengers in 2006 was estimated using the time series analysis. The city of Daegu found that after six months the estimated and actual values displayed a similar pattern. This result can be applied to other cities in estimating the passenger demands in the future.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.501-516
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to explore the fundamental nature and meanings of the experiences of university students with regard to their smartphone usage in order to prevent smartphone addiction and provide guidelines to develop effective interventions. Nine university students who were currently enrolled in an university located in a Korean province participated in this study. In-depth interviews were conducted from June of 2012 to July of 2012, and data were analyzed using Colaizzi's phenomenological qualitative method. As a results, five theme and 40 subthemes of experiences of problematic smartphone usage were identified. Those themes include 1) a desperate try to connect with others(exposing oneself without appropriate self-protection, seeking emotional comfort, hurt and mistrust); 2) excessive use of smartphone and loss of self-control(more smartphone usage over computer/over-immersion/excessive usage/habituation, loss of self-control); 3) psychological difficulties(excessive attachment and dependence, separation anxiety, clingingness, reduced patience) ; 4) threats to daily functioning (changes in priorities, regressed independent daily functioning, irregular daily patterns, health problems, interruptions from free messenger, academic difficulties); 5) potential for recovery(conflictual feelings and doubts over smartphone usage, importance of interpersonal(face-to-face) communications, willingness to cut down the use, hope for recovery). This study provided suggestions for the prevention effort against smartphone addiction.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.249-255
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• 2016

The Ministry of Health and Welfare in Korea has enforced the oral health promotion program for elderly in Korea. There are the denture delivery program and the fluoride application-scaling program for elderly. Donggu Public Health Center in Daejeon has delivered the fluoride application-scaling program for elderly since the demonstration project in 2009. The official dental hygienists had a prior consultation with Dong-gu branch of Korean Senior Citizens Association in Daejeon. We expanded the program through government office, welfare centers, and nursing homes. The participants were satisfied with the public relations (95.2%), scaling (99.7%), fluoride application (91.5%), toothbrushing education (98.6%), and denture cleaning education (96.6%). After a medial accident with persistent bleeding, the pre-inspection survey about systemic disease and medication was reinforced. The official dental hygienists have agonized over the low participation of the low-income group and the overlap benefit with health insurance benefit of scaling. We suggested it be needed the assessment of the public oral health program to overlap with health insurance benefit.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.66 no.3
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• pp.231-251
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• 2014

Recently, Korean government documented the plan to cope with the situation related to rich pensioners of Basic old-age pension. The purpose of this paper is to verify that how many rich pensioners are existing and to evaluate government reform plan's validity and effect. Main results are as follows; firstly, if the definition of rich pensioners is on the top 10%, the proportion of them would form 2.9% of total. And then, an amount of expenditure for them is only 2.6% of total. Secondly, in terms of disposable income, debt, and transfer income from child, the household who would be applied by government's plan is not richer than other household who is in the same living standard. And then, if the government's plan enforced, the effect might be very small. Lastly, the plan of government will discriminate against persons who support their parent. As a result, Basic old-age pension will be worsen. This paper should underline that the government's reform is only the 'hidden' retrenchment strategy in order to introduce a standard of the obligation to support own parent in the state without scientific prediction and serious discussion of negative public opinion. That is why, this is the same as the 'Trojan Horse'.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.293-299
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• 2015

MOOC (Massive Open Online Course) is an online course aimed at limited participation and open access via the web. There is even the prospect that MOOC may break down the existing university system and open a new horizon of education. However, MOOC is going differently from the first prospect that it would threat the existing higher education institutions. So this study wishes to provide a starting point of discussion that we can produce and utilize MOOC to fit our situation of higher education by revealing the inherent problems of MOOC. MOOC is a basically online education, so that it cannot help inheriting the essential weakness of the existing one: the interaction, supervision and evaluation. The newly added concept 'massive' raises the problem of class size which is the most sensitive part in the field of education. The concept 'open' reverses a customized education because MOOC is a kind of video clips of a lecture for unspecific massive learners. As a conclusion, we predicts that MOOC will be positioned as a higher education service for very prominent learners in self-led learning ability and people who cannot access even traditional online higher education institutions. Also MOOC is highly likely to be used as a means of Flipped Learning in universities. Therefore, considering these points in the future, we need to develop MOOC to suit these targets.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.54 no.6
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• pp.800-805
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• 2016

Rapid growth in nanotechnologies promises novel benefits through the exploitation of their unique industrial applications. However, as the production volume of nanomaterials increases, their unintentional exposure to the environment has been occured. Potential impacts of nanoproducts on the environment can be evaluated in the life cycle assessment (LCA). LCA is the systematic analysis of the resource usages and emissions over the life time from the primary resources to the moment of disposal. In this study, we performed LCA for fabrication processes of superhydrophilic oil/water separator using nano-$TiO_2$. $TOTAL^{TM}$ freeware was used to analyze for all fabrication processes, and 6-environmental impact factors (resource depletion, climate change, ozone depletion, acidification, eutropication, and photochemical oxidation) were introduced. In addition, the use of nano-$TiO_2$ in the fabrication of superhydrophilic oil/water separator was actively contributed to the environmental impact factors, compared to the bulk-$TiO_2$.