• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.408-411
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• 2011

본 연구는 목조 문화재나 전통사찰 등에서 많이 적용되고 있는 단청처리된 목재에 대해 방염액을 사용하여 방염처리를 진행하였을 때 발생될 수 있는 백화현상를 단청목제가 적용 될 수 있는 외부환경과 일반적인 내부환경에 위치시켜 발생여부를 확인하여 보았다. 일반적으로 사용되어지는 6가지 종류의 단청색상에서 햇빛이나 눈비 등에 의한 영향, 습도 등에 따른 영향은 크지 않은 것으로 나타났으나 일부 단청 색상에서는 다소 습도가 높았던 실내 환경에서는 방염액이 많이 도포되어진 부분에서 백화현상이 일부 나타나는 것을 확인할 수 있었으며 단청의 색상을 구성하는 성분 차이에 의해 백화현상이 발생될 수 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.

• The Microorganisms and Industry
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.20-23
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• 1989

목재부후 민주름버섯류의 분류는 아직도 해결해야 할 문제점들이 많이 남아 있다. 그 이유는 민주름버섯류가 그만큼 특징들이 다양하고 형태는 유사하나 기원이 다른 이질적인 종류들로 구성되어 있기 때문이다. 민주름버섯류의 분류 대가인 Donk도 자신이 추구한 분류체계에 스스로 만족하지 못하고 후대의 학자들이 도전해야 할 문제점들을 자주 제시한 적이 있다. 이와 같은 현상은 민주름버섯류의 분류가 자연분류와 계통분류를 지향하여 보다 종합적인 방법으로 종의 개념에 접근할 필요가 있음을 시사한다. 이제 위에 언급한 영양생활, 형태, 배양, 또는 유전적인 특징외에 진화와 계통, 환경과 생태, 지리적 분포와 식생, 핵산구조와 분자계통분류 등과 같은 과제들을 아울러 다룰 수 있는 포괄적인 분류체제의 대두가 요청되고 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.7-21
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• 1993

임산공업으로부터 발생되는 폐기물은 오염원으로서 그 위험도가 그다지 크지 않으나, 많은 공장들이 주거지와 인접해 있기 때문에 심한 오염원을 제공하는 것으로 인식되고 있다. 오늘날의 임산공업은 공장설립시 가장 중요하게 고려하는 사항으로서 환경에 미치는 충격을 최소로 하는 방향이며, 기본적으로 무공해 측면에서 공장의 설계 및 작업이 이루어지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 임산공업으로부터 발생되는 오염원의 종류와 각각의 오염원들이 환경에 미치는 효과를 개관하였으며, 이들 오염원으로부터 환경을 지키려는 최근의 기술개발 및 연구 현황을 검토하였다. 환경오염을 줄이는 방법은 막대한 경비가 소요되기 때문에 원자재의 사용량을 줄이거나, 에너지 이용효율 등을 높이는 방향에서 노력하고 있지만 폐기물처리를 위한 효과적인 대안은 없다. 그러나 정부 및 산업체가 환경을 보전한다는 차원에서 어느정도의 처리수준이 적절한지에 과한 검토를 계속하고 있다. 그리고 폐기물의 회수 및 재이용이 환경을 보전하는데 큰 역할을 한다는데 정부, 지역사회, 산업체 및 개인간에도 그 인식이 커가고 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.22-29
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• 1993

나뭇잎으로부터 발생되는 저분자량 유기산을 이온크로마토그래피를 이용하여 분석하였다. 이 방법은 자연상태의 나뭇잎 (needle litter)을 유기용매의 추출 없이 그대로 이용할 수 있어서 사용하기에 편리하다. 본 논문에서는 이온 크로마토그래피의 사용방법과 침엽수잎(Pacific Silver Fir)의 부후정도에 따른 유기산의 종류와 농도의 변이를 간략하게 소개한다. 초기의 침엽수잎 여과액으로부터는 $C_2$에서 $C_4$까지의 아세트산(acetic acid), 프로피온산(propionic acid), 옥살산(oxalic acid) 그리고 포름산(formic acid) 등이 주종을 이루지만 부후정도가 커짐에 따라 방향핵을 가진 방향핵 유기산(aromatic organic acid)이 발생한다.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.416-432
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• 2012

This study was carried out to investigate the distribution and characteristics of plant resources in Mt. Heungjeong (Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon-do) from April, 2009 to May, 2011. The vascular plants based on voucher specimens were summarized as 403 taxa, including 78 families, 238 genera, 343 species, 3 subspecies, 47 varieties, and 10 forms. Among the investigated 403 taxa, 8 Korean endemic, 1 endangered, and 16 rare plants were included. 71 species of specially designated plant by the Ministry of Environment were also investigated. The naturalized plant were 20 taxa, and the percent of naturalized plant species was estimated as 5.0%. The usefulness of the plants of the 403 taxa listed consists of 175 taxa (43.4%) of edible plants, 126 taxa (31.3%) of medicinal plants, 65 taxa (16.1%) of pasture plants, 52 taxa (12.9%) of ornamental plants, 12 taxa (3.0%) of timber and fiber plants, 3 taxa (0.7%) of industrial plants.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.26 no.2 s.85
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• pp.144-152
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• 1998

To obtain white rot fungi which have selective delignification capacity and can be used in biopulping processes, 94 different wood rotting fungi were screened and the capabilities of selected species were evaluated on deciduous and coniferous wood blocks. White rot fungi, first of all, were selected by simple enzyme tests, i.e., cellulase activity test; phenol oxidase activity test; laccase and peroxidase activity test. Most organisms that gave a positive Bavendamm gave a strongly positive laccase test with syringaldazine whereas most of those that gave a negative Bavendamm test also negative test for laccase and peroxidase, even if some exceptions were noted. Wood decay experiement were carried out to select fungal species with selective lignin-degrading ability by inoculating selected fungi to both wood blocks of Populus tomentiglandulosa and Larix leptolepis. After 12 weeks of incubation, weight losses, lignin losses, and morphological characteristics of the decayed wood were investigated. Almost all fungi tested caused 2 or more times of weight losses in P. tomentiglandulosa than in L. leptolepis, while no weight losses were detected from the un-inoculated wood blocks. Ceriporiopsis subvermispora and Phanerochaete chrysosporium were the best delignifiers for both hardwood and softwood. P. chrysosporium, however, was less effective than C. subvermispora. Bjerkandera adusta and two unidentified spp. caused delignification for only P. tomentiglandulosa. B. adusta caused simultaneous rot of all cell wall components, resulted in thinning of the secondary cell wall layers. Other fungi caused selective delignification resulting in the removal of lignin from middle lamella and separation of cells from each other.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.777-783
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• 2015

Wood is an anisotropic material that shows the changes in hardness, quality and dimensions depending on the types of cells on three cross sections, size, array and so on. It can also be used in different ways according to its use, which requires a meticulous research, in order to maximize the utilization by understanding the nature and use; and by clarifying the theory and technologies. The research on relationship among wood's physical properties, density, and elasticity of modulus have been studied in Korea and abroad, but those studies were based on correlation gained through standardized specimen. Rather, the study on complete product is rare. Moreover, the previous reports are mostly concentrating on vibration mode and batting, though the wood's physical properties as a material have not been in the main focus. Therefore, this study will carried out for analyzing MOE through figuring material property out and comparing frequency adapting to the Canadian HardMaple bat. For comparison of material properties, we studied the annual ring and density of the bat; calculated the MOE with resonance frequency and formula (ASTM C1259); and verified the repulsive force of this material. As a result, the relevance of the resonance frequency and annual ring is weak, and in comparison in the grain direction in wood, the MOE value is higher when the grain direction in wood is excited horizontally than when is excited vertically, because the material is repulsive when grain direction is horizontal.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.55-59
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• 2012

We designed a new rapid detection method for volatilized formaldehyde from wood. The process was installed with volatilizing and collecting parts in an incubator. For rapid sampling of formaldehyde from wood, we pulverized the wood to sawdust, and used 0.15-2.0 mm particles for the tests. The highest sampling rate (94.8%) was obtained at 40 mL/min flow rate and $100^{\circ}C$. Under the optimized condition, we could collect the volatilized formaldehyde with good recovery rate. The developed method was applied to the monitoring of the formaldehyde from wood, and the measured concentrations were 0.7-4.6 ${\mu}g/g$ from natural wood, 5.9-12.3 ${\mu}g/g$ from preserved wood, and 5.9-211.5 ${\mu}g/g$ from chemical adhesive processed wood. From the results, we identified natural wood sawdust and chemically processed wood (medium density fiberboard, high density fiberboard, particle board) by the formaldehyde contents except preserved wood.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.11-18
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• 2021

Nano bubble water is used in various washing processes, including cleaning of solar panels, salt rejection of roads, and cleaning precision parts of machines. High cleaning efficiency and water conservation are obtained by applying nano bubbles during pretreatment of the marine waste cleaning system. This study compared the salt rejection of nano bubble water, and it was revealed that marine waste was produced by wood immersed in 200,000 mg/L NaCl solution. Using tap water and nano bubble water for washing, comparisons of the surface salt concentrations of wood were determined according to the nozzle, orifice diameter, pump speed and washing time. Decreased surface salt concentration was observed on the wood surface with increasing washing time. Water consumption was optimal between 5- and 10-seconds washing time. Increasing orifice diameter of the nozzle reduced the spraying pressure, with consequent increase in the wood surface salt concentration, thereby establishing the importance of orifice diameter of the nozzle. Compared to levels obtained with tap water, salt concentration of the wood surface after washing with nano bubble water was 2.2% lower with sector nozzle, and 30.9% lower with circular nozzle. In the washing experiment using nano bubble water, the salt concentration on the wood surface was about 9.5 mg/L lower when washed with sector nozzle than the circular nozzle.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.49-55
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• 2010

morphologically different Larix Kaemferi Carr sawdust. The pellet characteristics included moisture contents satisfied the first grade (less than 10%) of quality standard of wood pellets announced by Korea Forest Research Institute. Densities were also adequate for the first grade (640kg/$m^3$) on the quality standard and there was no large difference in other characteristics of pellets, however, pellets manufactured with planer shavings had the highest density. Ash contents also passed the first grade (less than 0.7) of quality standard. But bark pellet exceeded the second grade (1.5%) in ash content. Lower absorption ratio of bark pellet showed the effect on hygroscpicity. The heating value of the manufactured wood pellets in this study exceeded the first grade of quality standard(more than 4,300 kcal/kg).