• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.127-130
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• 1997

신경망은 입출력 관계가 명시적으로 표현되기 어려운 경우에 수집된 데이터를 이용하여 원래의 함수를 근사할 수 있느 특성이 있다. 최근에는 신경망의 모델링 성능을 향상시키기 위하여 여러개의 모듈을 기반으로 신경망을 구성하는 모듈형 신경망이 활발히 연구되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 린덴마이어 시스템(L-시스템)의 문법적 적용을 통하여 이러한 모듈형 신경망의 구조를 결정하는 방법을 제시하고자 한다. L-시스템은 본래 식물의 성장과정을 기술하기 위하여 제안된 방법인데, 본 논문에서는 신경망의 모듈형 구조가 L-시스템의 문법을 통하여 적절히 결정됨을 보인다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2014.11a
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• pp.289-290
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• 2014

본 논문에서는 중첩된 반복문에서 레이블을 사용하지 않고 프로그램의 흐름을 제어하는 개선된 문법구조를 제안한다. 또한 명시적으로 반복문의 종료 상태를 확인하는 방법을 제안한다. 제안된 방법을 사용하면 흐름 파악이 쉬운 프로그램을 작성할 수 있다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 1998.10b
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• pp.404-406
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• 1998

확정절 문법은 구 구조문법을 명시하는데 사용된 후 계산이론적 언어학자들이 많은 연구를 하는 분야이다. 확정절 문법은 혼절에 근거하고 있기 때문에 관계절 공간연결 파서를 구성할 때 메우개-공간 의존을 자연스럽게 설명할 수 없다. 본 논문에서는 메우개-공간 의존을 처리할 수 있는 일반 구 구조문법 GPSG의 특성에 대해서 논하고 일반 구 구조 문법을 논리 문법으로 확장할 수 있는 방법에 대해서 기술하였다. [7]에서는 메우개-공간 의존을 설명하기 위해서 직관적 논리를 이용하였다. 여기에서는[7]의 직관적 논리 문법의 한계에 대해서 논하였다. 또 [5]에서는 일차 선형 논리를 이용하였는데, 이는 공간연결 파서로 자연어 문장을 논리식으로 번역하는데 사용될 수 없다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 고차 선형 논리문법을 이용하여 자연어 파서를 구성하였다.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.307-316
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• 2021

This study aims to explore the effects of deductive FFI and inductive FFI in L2 learners' grammatical achievement and their reaction to the grammar instruction. 84 students were placed into three groups: 29 given deductive FFI(DG), 28 receiving inductive FFI(IG), and 27 with traditional instruction(CG). All students completed pre/post tests and questionnaires, and took a delayed post test 9 weeks after the treatment. For statistical anlayses of all the quantitative data, a one-way ANOVA, paired samples T-test, and repeated measures ANOVA were performed. The results indicated that both deductive and inductive FFI affected learners' grammatical achievement and their achievement was sustained over time. Deductive FFI was more effective than inductive FFI, whereas the IG students more positively changed their attitudes and perceptions to the grammar instruction. These findings of the study imply that FFI should be valued in an Korean EFL classroom, which would contribute to further longitudinal research for its sustainability.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2012.07a
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• pp.127-129
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• 2012

본고에서는 시제의 일반적 정의와 상에 관한 개념들을 정리하였다. 시제는 시간을 나타내는 동사의 굴절형'이고 따라서 시제는 문법범주의 하나로서 영어의 경우 현재시제와 과거시제를 인정하고 있다. 시제처럼 상을 문법범주로 인정한다면 그 기술 대상은 당연히 문법적 표현에 국한될 것이고 반대로 문법범주가 아닌 의미범주로 간주하면 문법적 표현은 물론이고 어휘적 표현까지 기술대상이 될 것이다. 따라서 상은 문법범주로서 명시되어 있고 특히 영어의 상은 진행형과 완료형의 두 형태로 국한하고 있다. 이 경우에 진행상(the progressive aspect)은 진행형, 완료상(the perfect aspect)은 완료형을 가리킨다. 이렇듯 시제와 상의 밀접한 관계가 있다 하겠다. 더하여 다양한 영역에서 상에 관한 개념정의가 필요하고 더 많은 연구가 있어야 할 것으로 여겨진다.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.37
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• pp.233-265
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• 2014

The objective of this article is to emphasize the importance of French grammar and apply effective ways in the course considering the results of investigations conducted by teachers and learners. In the first part, we observed different types of the theory of grammar teaching. The key point in choosing a theory of grammar is to adopt a learning objective defined by the level of learners. To do this, the teacher must find methods that enable learners to achieve a gradual grammatical knowledge. In the second part, we focused on the conscience of the learners et teachers in respect of the grammar's importance. Learners and teachers agreed on the importance of French grammar. However, it is essential to find effective methods that can not only attract the interest of learners but also give students the motivation towards learning French grammar. Regarding the correlation between the learning of linguistic communication and the teaching of grammar, it is very important to familiarize learners with the following facts: - The grammar is not an independent component of the other with regard to the teaching of French. - You can get a satisfactory result on learning grammar provided that it takes place in the course of linguistic communication. What we have proposed in this article is not an absolute solution to improve the course of French, with regard to learning grammar. However, we hope that this study could help to facilitate the teaching of French grammar.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.115-143
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• 1994

In this paper,I present an extended two-level model using LR parsing techniques.The LR-based two-level model not only guarantees effcient morphological processing but also achieves a higher degree of descriptive adequacy than Koskenniemi's original model.The two-level model is augmented with an independent morphosyntactic module based on feature-based CF word grammar.By adopting a CF word grammar,our model is capable of dealing with complex words with discontinuous dependencies without having duplicate lexicons.It is shown how LR predictions manifested in the parsing table can help the morphological processor to minimize the dictionary lookup process.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.141-160
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• 2010

This study aims to analyze the effects of explicit lexical collocation instruction on grammatical collocation knowledge, by focusing on the preposition collocations. The forty participants consisting of twenty men and twenty women are currently freshmen English majors in college. They responded to the questionnaire on their basic lexical learning strategies in pre-post tests, and carried out a lexical collocation test and a preposition collocation test as pre-post tests. They took the open class on the lexical collocations(LC) 5 times, but they did not concretely study any grammatical collocations(GC). Each test is analyzed and compared with pre-post tests by SPSS 12.0. From all the analyses, it was first revealed that most students who didn't know about the concepts, types and uses of collocations became aware of them after the class. The effects of the lexical collocations on the lexical collocation knowledge were quite revealing. Second, the correlations between the lexical collocations and grammatical collocations were not significant, although relations among the lexical collocations were quite significant. Finally, some suggestions for methods of mixed lexical chunks instruction are made for students' productive skills. Also, it is suggested that more profound attention should be paid to giving direct instructions on the basis of the lexico-grammatical continuum between LC and GC.

• Journal of KIISE:Databases
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.151-164
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• 2000

The Visual Object Query Language (VOQL) recently proposed for object databases has been successful in visualizing path expressions and set-related conditions, and providing formal semantics. However, VOQL has several problems. Due to unrealistic assumptions, only set-related conditions can be represented in VOQL. Due to the lack of explicit language construct for the notion of variables, queries are often awkard and less intuitive. In this paper, we propose VOQL*, which extends VOQL to remove these drawbacks. We introduce the notion of visual variables and refine the syntax and semantics of VOQL based on visual variables. We carefully design the language constructs of VOQL* to reflect the syntax of OOPC, so that the constructs such as visual variables, visual elements, VOQL* simple terms, VOQL* structured terms, VOQL* basic formulas, VOQL* formulas, and VOQL* query expressions are hierarchically and inductively constructed as those of OOPC. Most important, we formally define the semantics of each language construct of VOQL* by induction using OOPC. Because of the well-defined syntax and semantics, queries in VOQL* are clear, concise, and intuitive. We also provide an effective procedure to translate queries in VOQL* into those in OOPC. We believe that VOQL* is the first visual query language with the well-defined syntax reflecting the syntactic structure of logic and semantics formally defined by induction.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 1992.10a
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• pp.361-366
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• 1992

이 발표에서는 공시적 기술 위주의 대규모 언어사전으로서의 현대한국어 사전을 구상할 때 성찰이 요구되는 서술명사의 처리방안을 생각해 보고자 한다. 보통명사의 한 하류부류인 서술명사로 특징지어지는 명사 약속을 실례로, 그 통사 어휘적 기술을 시도하고, 그 결과를 활용하는, 언어학적으로 근거있는 명사의 사전항목 구성을 검토해 보는 것이다. 약속의 항목에 명시적으로 표시되어야 할 주요 어휘 통사적 속성을 제시하고 또 이들의 사전적 표상을 위한 몇 가지 실제적 제안을 소개하려고 한다.