• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.45 no.12
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• pp.1519-1527
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• 2002

Purpose : Although influenza virus is one of the most important causes of acute respiratory tract infections(ARTIs) in children, virus isolation is not popular and there are only a few clinical studies on influenza in Korea. We evaluated the epidemiologic and clinical features of ARTIs by influenza virus in children. Methods : From February 1995 to August 2001, nasopharyngeal aspirations were obtained and cultured for the isolation of influenza virus in children admitted with ARTIs. The medical records of patients with influenza virus infection were reviewed retrospectively. Results : Respiratory viruses were isolated in 997(22.0%) out of 4,533 patients examined, and influenza virus was isolated in 164 cases(3.6%). Influenza virus was isolated year after year mainly from December to April of next year. The ratio of male and female was 1.9 : 1 with a median age of 15 months. The most common clinical diagnosis of influenza virus infection was pneumonia, and fever and cough developed in most patients. There was no difference between influenza A and B infection in clinical diagnoses and symptoms. All patients recovered without receiving antiviral treatment except for one patient diagnosed with pneumonia who had underlying disease of Down syndrome with ventricular septal defect. Conclusion : ARTIs caused by influenza virus developed every winter and spring during the period of study. Because fatal complication can develop in the high risk group, prevention, early diagnosis and proper management of influenza should be emphasized.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.158-169
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• 2004

Purpose : Although influenza is one of the most important cause of acute respiratory tract infections in children, virus isolation is not popular and there are only a few clinical studies on influenza and diagnostic methods. We evaluated the epidemiological and clinical features of influenza in children and rapid antigen detection test(QuickVue influenza test) on fist half of the year 2004 in Busan. Methods : From January 2004 to June 2004, throat swab and nasal secretion were obtained and cultured for the isolation of influenza virus and tested by rapid antigen detection test(QuickVue influenza test) in children with suspected influenza infections. The medical records of patients with influenza virus infection were reviewed retrospectively. Results : Influenza viruses were isolated in 79(17.2%) out of 621 patients examined. Influenza virus was isolated mainly from March to April 2004. The ratio of male and female with influenza virus infection was 1.2 : 1 with median age of 4 years 6month. The most common clinical diagnosis of influenza virus infection was bronchitis. There was no difference between influenza A and B infection in clinical diagnosis and symptoms. All patients recovered without severe complication. The sensitivity obtained for rapid antigen detection test (QuickVue influenza test) was 93.6% and the specificity was 80.2%, the positive predictive value 40.8%, the negative predictive value 98.8%. Conclusion : With rapid antigen detection test, it is possible early detection of influenza in children. reduction in use of antimicrobial agent and early use of antiviral agent.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1991.06a
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• pp.29-29
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• 1991

후두암의 치료는 병변의 위치, 크기 등에 따라 치료방법이 다양하고 그 예후 또한 상이하다. 일반적으로 초기 후두암에서는 수술이나 방사선 요법이 비슷한 치료결과를 보이고, 진행된 후두암에서는 수술적 치료가 더 좋은 예후를 나타내는 것으로 알려져 있으나 발성장애를 초래하는 경우가 대부분이다. 저자들은 1986년부터 1990년까지 5년간 강남성모병원에서 후두암치료를 받았던 환자 81명을 대상으로 치료방법에 따른 음성보존 성적을 분석하였다. 1. T1 성대암 환자 18명중 16명 (88.9%)에서 방사선치료 또는 수술로써 음성을 보존할 수 있었다. 2. T2 후두암 환자 11명중 6명은 수술후 음성보존이 가능하였다. 3. 진행암환자 (T3, T4) 50명중 33명에 대해 수술을 시행하였고 이중 16명(48.5%)은 후두부분 또는 근전적출술 및 기관-식도 누공술에 의해 음성기능을 보존할 수 있었다. 4. 진행암환자에서 유도화학요법과 방사선치료의 병용요법만을 받은 17명 모두 6개월 이내에 재발하였고, 수술 혹은 수술과 방사선 치료를 병용한 33명중 27명이 최소한 6개월 이상 평균 2년 이상의 무병상태였다. 5. 후두부분 또는 근전적출술은 총 81명중 28명에서 시행되었고 그중 5명 (17.9%)에서 재발하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2014.11a
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• pp.179-182
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• 2014

명함은 오래 전부터 사용되어 왔고, 대부분의 사람들이 타인에게 자신을 표현하기 위한 도구로 사용하고 있다. 하지만. 현재 가장 대중적으로 사용되고 있는 종이명함은 생산의 번거로움, 관리의 불편함과 같은 문제가 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 기존의 종이 명함 체계를 대신할 새로운 패러다임을 제시한다. 첫째, 어플리케이션을 이용하여 명함을 제작한다. 둘째, 제작한 명함을 자신의 웨어러블 팔찌에 저장한다. 셋째, 웨어러블 팔찌간 통신으로 명함을 교환한다. 넷째, 교환을 통해 받은 타인의 명함을 자신의 어플리케이션에 저장한다. 이 방법은 명함을 디지털화함으로써 저장과 관리가 효율적이고, 웨어러블 디바이스를 이용하여 명함을 교환함으로써 보다 간편한 교환을 제공한다.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2019.10a
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• pp.190-194
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• 2019

개체명 인식이란 주어진 문서에서 개체명의 범위를 찾고 개체명을 분류하는 것이다. 최근 많은 연구는 신경망 모델을 이용하며 하나 이상의 단어로 구성된 개체명을 BIO 표기법으로 표현한다. BIO 표기법은 개체명이 시작되는 단어의 표지에 B(Beginning)-를 붙이고, 개체명에 포함된 그 외의 단어의 표지에는 I(Inside)-를 붙이며, 개체명과 개체명 사이의 모든 단어의 표지를 O로 간주하는 방법이다. BIO 표기법으로 표현된 말뭉치는 O 표지가 90% 이상을 차지하므로 O 표지에 대한 혼잡도가 높아지는 문제와 불균형 학습 문제가 발생된다. 본 논문에서는 BIO 표기법 대신에 BIT 표기법을 제안한다. BIT 표기법이란 BIO 표기법에서 O 표지를 T(Tag) 표지로 변환하는 방법이며 본 논문에서 T 표지는 품사 표지를 나타낸다. 실험을 통해서 BIT 표기법이 거의 모든 경우에 성능이 향상됨을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.49 no.6
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• pp.630-634
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• 2006

Purpose : This study was conducted to assess the current(2003-2005) prevalence of anti-HBs and immunologic memory for Hepatitis B vaccine in children from the central area of Korea. Methods : Subjects were chosen from children and adolescents who received tests for hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg) and anti-HBs at Dankook University Hospital from March 2003 to May 2005. Among these, antibodies to hepatitis B core antigen(IgG anti-HBc) were checked. A single booster vaccination was performed on children whose anti-HBs titers were under 10 mIU/mL. One month after booster vaccination we rechecked the anti-HBs titer. Results : A total of 3,277 subjects were tested for HBsAg/anti-HBs, and 1,913(58.4 percent) of them were positive for anti-HBs. Of these, 29 subjects(0.9 percent) were positive for HBsAg. Positive results for anti-HBs by age were 78.6 percent for 6-12 months of age, 62.7 percent for 1-3 years of age, 51.9 percent for 4-6 years of age, 49.5 percent for 7-12 years of age, 63.4 percent for 13-15 years of age and 72.2 percent for 16-18 years of age. The 80 subjects who were tested negative for HBsAg/anti-HBs received a single booster vaccine, 71 subjects were tested positive for antibodies. IgG anti-HBc titer was checked for 169 of the subjects, 5 subjects were positive. Conclusion : In our study, a significant anamnestic response was observed in 88.8 percent of children. This is believed to be a result of the relatively long immunologic memory effect of the hepatitis B vaccination in children from the central area of Korea.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.52 no.6
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• pp.655-660
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• 2009

Purpose : To compare birth weight between infants with a single umbilical artery (SUA) and normal infants, investigate the associated anomalies of infants with SUA and isolated SUA (no abnormality of external appearance on birth, except SUA), and determine the prognosis of infants with isolated SUA. Methods : Live-born infants with SUA (n=59) detected by physical examination from among 15,193 live births in seven university hospitals in Korea between January 1, 2004, to August 1, 2007, were reviewed retrospectively, with 236 normal infants serving as the control group. Results : A statistical difference was observed between the groups in birth weight and in vitro fertilization. The incidence of infants with SUA was 0.37%. Congenital malformations were observed in 21 infants with cardiovascular (n=15, 25.4%), gastrointestinal (n=2, 3.4%), genitourinary (n=9, 15.3%), neuromusculoskeletal (n=6, 10.2%), central nervous system (n=1, 1.7%), chromosomal (n=1, 1.7%), and other (n=3, 5.1%) abnormalities. There were 49 (83.1%) infants with isolated SUA in this study population; among them, the associated congenital malformations were cardiovascular (n=6, 12.2%) and genitourinary (n=6, 12.2%) abnormalities. Two infants with cyanotic heart disease were operated and four infants with acyanotic heart disease showed improvements without any treatment. Six infants with genitourinary abnormalities on renal ultrasound had mild hydronephrosis without further consequences. Conclusion : The incidence of structural abnormalities in the cardiovascular and genitourinary systems is high and the genitourinary anomalies associated with isolated SUA have relatively good prognosis.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.51 no.10
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• pp.1085-1089
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• 2008

Purpose : This study aims to examine and compare the features of rolandic epilepsy. Methods : Of 158 patients selected retrospectively, 116 had typical (group A) and 42 had atypical (group B) rolandic epilepsy, as defined by Worrall's criteria. Results : The age at onset of the seizures in group A was $8.6{\pm}2.0y$ and $6.2{\pm}1.7y$ in group B (P>0.05). Among the 40 patients who underwent neuroimaging studies (25 patients in group A and 15 patients in group B), abnormal findings in group B included ventricular dilatation, mild cortical atrophy, and partial agenesis of corpus callosum. group A had no abnormal findings. The frequency of seizures was $2.0{\pm}1.0$ and $2.3{\pm}1.2$ per month in groups A and B respectively. Seizure control from the initial anticonvulsant treatment was achieved within 3 months in group A, and 3 to 12 months in group B. A 2-year remission rate was noted in 105 patients in group A and in 38 patients in group B. Of these, the recurrence rate after 2 y was 13 in group A and 12 in group B. Conclusion : Age of onset of seizures, gender, frequency of seizures before therapy, and 2-y remission rate were not significantly different in the 2 groups. However, neuroimaging abnormalities, the time to achieving seizure control from the initial anticonvulsant treatment, and the recurrence rate after being seizure-free for 2 y were significantly different in the 2 groups.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.46 no.12
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• pp.1230-1234
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• 2003

Purpose : The aim of this study is to evaluate the value of lung biopsies for the management of children with lung disease. Methods : We retrospectively reviewed 19 lung biopsies done at Asan Medical Center, Seoul between 1993 and 2001. Data gathered included demographic information, underlying conditions, diagnosis before biopsy, final diagnosis, change in therapy, morbidity and mortality. Results : Nineteen patients underwent lung biopsy. Among them, 13 patients were male and six patients were female; the median age was 3.6 years(0.8 to 8.6 years). Twelve patients underwent open lung biopsies and seven patients had thoracoscopic biopsies. The overall diagnosis rate was 95 %. The most common diagnosis was interstitial lung disease(12 patients, 64%) and infection was detected in four patients(21%). The biopsy-proven bronchiolitis obliterance was confirmed in two of seven patients suspected by CT findings. Specific treatment was changed after biopsy in 16 patients (85%). The morbidity & overall mortality rates of the patients were 5%(one patient) and 21%(four patients) respectively. Only one complication was seen : empyema. The causes of death were acute respiratory distress syndrome(one patient), respiratory failure(two patients), and septicemia(one patient). Conclusion : The lung biopsy is a safe procedure and it contributes to more accurate diagnosis and proper management of pediatric lung diseases. We recommend lung biopsies should be considered more positively in the diagnosis of pediatric lung diseases.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.45 no.9
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• pp.1097-1105
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• 2002

Purpose : This study was conducted to estabilish the prevalence, clinical features and relationship between ECG findings and echocardiographic findings of Wolff-Parkinsion-White(WPW) syndrome in asymptomatic preschool children. Methods : An electrocardiographic screening study was performed on 77,824 preschool children in Jeonbuk province from April, 1999 to August, 2001. Patients with WPW syndrome underwent echocardiographic study. Results : Twenty three patients with WPW syndrome were discovered by electrocardiographic screening of preschool children. The prevalence rate was 2.9 per 10,000 preschool children and there was no significant sexual difference. Two patients had a history of symptoms related to tachyarrythmia. According to the ECG classification of Rosenbaum et al., five patients were type A and 18 were type B. Utilizing the criteria of Gallagher et al, right anterior, 12 patients; right anteiror paraseptal, four patients; left anteiror, three patients. Nineteen of 23 patients underwent echocardiographic study. Four of five patients with type A WPW syndrome had abnormal early systolic anterior motion of left ventricular posterior wall. Twelve of 14 patients with type B had abnormal interventricular septal motion characterized by early sytolic posterior motion immediately after inscription of the delta wave. Conclusion : The prevalence rate of preschool children in Jeonbuk province was 2.9/10,000. By the classification according to the electrocardiographic findings, the accessory pathway location was dominant right side than left side. In the echocardiographic study, type A WPW syndrome showed abnormal left ventricular posterior wall motion and type B WPW showed abnormal interventricular septal motion.