• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2018.11a
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• pp.81-82
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• 2018

선박안전법에 따라 대다수의 관공선 주기관은 8년마다 정기 개방검사를 해야 한다. 주기관 특성상 개방검사는 많은 예산 소요 및 엔진 효율성의 저하가 우려되어 이를 해결하고자 관련법에 따라 8년간 개방검사 면제 사전 준비로 예산을 절감하고 기관의 성능을 최적화 시켰다.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.15 no.6 s.66
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• pp.170-177
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• 2000

GATS의 MFN 원칙은 다자간 협정의 기본초석으로서 협정전체에 적용되기 때문에 양허표에 기재되지 않은 분야라 하더라도 한 국가에게 부여한 대우는 그보다 불리하지 않게 즉시 그리고 무조건적으로 모든 다른 회원국에게 부여해야 한다는 원칙을 가지고 있다. 그러나 이러한 원칙을 모든 나라에게 일률적으로 적용하는 데 현실적으로 어려움이 있다. 따라서 각국별로 MFN 적용이 곤란한 사항에 대하여는 그 내용과 사유, MFN 적용면제기간 등을 기재한 목록을 제출하여 MFN 면제를 인정받게 되었다. 그러나 이러한 GATS MFN 면제규정은 일반적 의무로서 MFN 원칙의 가치를 상당히 침해하였고, 현재 많은 국가가 MFN 면제신청을 하므로써 GATS가 처음 의도한 MFN과 상당한 괴리를 보이게 되었다. 따라서 본 고에서는 GATS의 MFN에 관하여 살펴보고, MFN 면제의 문제점 및 정책적 시사점을 모색해 보았다.

• Agrochemical news magazine
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• v.17 no.6 s.135
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• pp.51-60
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• 1996

지난해 12월 농약관리법, 지난 10월의 동법 시행령 개정공포에 이어 시행규칙개정령이 12월 7일 공포됐다. 이 시행규칙에서는 영업 및 농약의 등록관련절차 등 동법 및 동법시행령에서 위임된 사항과 그 시행에 관하여 필요한 사항을 정하는 등 현행제도의 운영상 나타난 일부 미비점을 개선$\cdot$보완했다. 주요 내용을 간추려 보면, $\blacktriangle$농약제조업 등의 등록신청, 제조업자 등의 지위승계신고, 영업시설 등의 변경신고와 등록증의 재교부 등 영업의 등록관련 절차를 정하고 $\blacktriangle$ 농약의 등록제를 도입함에 따라 농약의 품목 및 원제의 등록신청, 등록 신청 서류의 보완, 지위 승계신고와 변경등록 및 등록취소 등 농약의 등록관련 절차를 정했다. 또한 $\blacktriangle$ 시험성적서의 제출면제품목에 대하여 제출이 면제되는 시험성적서를 정하는 한편 $\blacktriangle$ 사람 및 가축 등에 위험하다고 인정되어 농촌진흥청장의 승인을 받아 수출해야 하는 농약의 품목 및 원제의 범위를 정하고 농촌진흥청장이 수출승인에 관해 필요한 사항을 고시하도록 했다. 이밖에 $\blacktriangle$ 가정원예용 농약을 판매하고자 하는 지에 대해서는 등록기준을 완화했다.

• 동물약계
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• no.9
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• pp.2-3
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• 1994

1. 동물용의약품등 요건확인 세부요령 2. 통합공고중 개정고시 3. 국가검정 동물약품 국가검정 면제 4. 동물용의약품 제조업체 대표자 변경 5. 동물용의약품등 수입자 신규 확인 6. 동물용의약품 수입자 대표자 변경 7. 동물용의약품중 일반제제 유효기간 지정 8. 배합사료제조용동물약품 첨가사용 잠정조치 9. 생물학적제제 국가검정 신청시 통일명칭 사용 조치 10. 94년 유당 수입 한도량 배정 11. 동물용의약품 제조업 허가 12. 94년도 국가검정 동물용의약품 검정신청 예정량 조사 13. 동물용의약품 품목정비 사업 14. 생물학적제제 특별관리 방안

• The Optical Journal
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• s.149
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• pp.65-72
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• 2014

중소기업청이 '2014년도 중소기업 정책자금 운용계획'을 발표했다. 올해 정책자금 예산규모는 3조 8200억 원으로, 지난해의 예산규모(3조 8500억 원) 대비 소폭 줄었다. 중소기업의 투자촉진을 위한 시설투자 자금인 신성장자금이 전년 대비 2000억 원 확대된 8350억 원이 배정됐다. 청년창업활성화를 위한 청년창업전용자금과 재기 중소기업인을 위한 재창업자금 규모도 각각 1500억 원, 500억 원으로 전년 대비 170억 원, 100억 원 늘었다. 일자리 창출기업에 대한 우대금리도 확대했다. 기존에는 지원업체 중 추가 고용 1인당 0.1%포인트씩 최대 1.0%포인트 금리를 인하했지만, 올해는 금리 인하 한도를 2.0%포인트까지 늘렸다. 10명 이상 고용을 창출한 기업은 개별기업 융자한도(45억원)에 예외를 적용해 70억 원까지 대출 가능하다. 창업촉진을 위해 창업자금 지원기업의 업력을 기존 5년에서 7년으로 확대하고, 청년전용 창업자금의 대출기간을 3년에서 5년으로 연장했다. 창업자금의 가산금리 조건부 연대보증 면제 대상 조건도 기존 기업평가등급 4등급 이상에서 5등급 이상으로 완화했다. 또한 중소기업 성장사다리 구축을 위해 기술 사업성 우수기업의 장기 시설투자지원 전용자금을 신설, 중소기업진흥공단의 기업평가 우수기업에게 만기 15년 이내의 장기대출을 지원한다. 글로벌 성장사다리 선정기업에 대해서는 수출금융지원자금 대출 한도를 기존 10억 원에서 30억 원까지 확대한다. 이밖에도 소상공인을 위한 소공인특화자금의 시설자금 대출기간을 5년에서 8년으로 연장하고, 유턴기업의 사업장 신 증설 등을 위한 융자금을 최대 70억원까지 지원한다. 중기청 소관 R&D사업 성공기업을 위한 전용자금을 500억원 규모로 운용해 R&D 기업의 성공률을 제고하기로 했다. 올해 정책자금 금리는 민간 금융권의 저금리 기조를 고려, 1분기 정책자금 기준금리를 전 분기(3.57%) 보다 낮은 3.29%로 운영하기로 했다. 또 중소기업인들이 정책자금 신청 등에 어려움이 있었다는 지적에 따라, 올해부터 매월 1일부터 20일까지 중진공 홈페이지(www.sbc.or.kr)를 통해 온라인으로 신청받기로 했다. 제3자의 도움 없이도 손쉽게 자금을 이용할 수 있도록 신청서류를 간소화하고, 중진공 각 지역본(지부)에 융자신청 도우미를 배치할 방침이다.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.14 no.6_2
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• pp.35-44
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• 2014

Private Security Guard Certification Exam that initiated as the eligibility of private in 2006, has been requested more fulfilling management because that becomes to be recognized at the national certified qualification system in 2013. The findings of this study were as follows: First, it is necessary to expand more exemptions, currently some are mainly police officers. Secondly, it is needed to make to announce the final successful candidates through the opposition proceedings by publishing assumptions answer of the problem and by improving the procedure for determining the successful candidates, and so forth.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.225-266
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• 2018

In 2017, 1,252 cases of damages relief related to air passenger transport service were received by the Korea Consumer Agency, a 0.8% drop from 1,262 cases in 2016, the first decline since 2013. In 2017, 444 cases (35.4%) out of received cases of damages relief in the field of air passenger service received by the Korea Consumer Agency were agreed on, and out of cases that were not agreed on, the most number of 588 cases (47.0%) were concluded due to information provision and counseling, and 186 cases (14.9%) were applied to the mediation of the Consumer Dispute Mediation Committee. Major legislations that contain regulations for the damages relief and disputes resolution of air service consumers include the Aviation Business Act and the Consumer Fundamental Act, etc. The Aviation Business Act provides the establishment and implementation of damage relief procedure and handling plan, and the receiving and handling of request of damage relief by air transport businessman, and the notice of protection standard for air traffic users. The Consumer Fundamental Act provides the establishment and management of the consumer counseling organization, the damage relief by the Korea Consumer Agency, the consumer dispute mediation, and the enactment of the criteria for resolving consumer disputes. The procedures for damages relief of air service consumers include the receiving and handling of damages relief by air transport businessman, the counseling, and receiving and handling of damages relief by the Consumer Counseling Center, the advice of mutual agreement by the Korea Consumer Agency, and the dispute mediation system by the Consumer Dispute Mediation Committee. The current system of damage relief and dispute mediation for air service consumer have the problem in the exemption from obligation of establishment and implementation of damage relief plan by air transport businessman under the Aviation Business Act, the problem in the exemption from liability in case of nonfulfillment and delay of transport by aviation businessman under the criteria for resolving consumer disputes in the aviation sector, and the uppermost limit in procedure progress and completion of consumer dispute mediation under the Consumer Fundamental Act. Therefore, the improvement measurements of the relevant system for proper damage relief and smooth dispute mediation for air service consumer are to be suggested as follows: First is the maintenance of the relevant laws for damage relief of air service consumer. The exemption regulation from obligation of establishment and implementation of damage relief plan by air transport businessman under the Aviation Business Act shall be revised. To enhance the structualization and expertise of the relevant regulation for protection and damage relief of air service consumer, it will be necessary to prepare the separate legislation similar to the US Federal Regulation 14 CFR and EU Regulation EC Regulation 261/2004. Second is the improvement of criteria for resolving air service consumer disputes. For this, it will be necessary to investigate whether the cause of occurrence of exemption reason was force majeure, and distinguish the exemption from liability in case of nonfulfillment and delay of transport by aviation businessman under the criteria for resolving consumer disputes in the aviation sector, and revise the same as exemption reasons regulated under the air transport chapter of the Commercial Act and Montreal Convention 1999, and unify the compensation criteria for the nonfulfillment of transport that the substitute flight was provided and the delay of transport. Third is the reinforcement of information provision for damage relief of air service consumer. Aviation-related government agencies and concerned agencies should cooperate with airlines and airports to provide rapidly and clearly diverse information to the air traffic users, including laws and policies for damages relief of air service consumers. Fourth is the supplement to the effectiveness, etc. of consumer dispute mediation. If there is no sign of acceptance for dispute mediation, it is not fair to regard it as acceptance, therefore it will be necessary to add objection system. And if a dispute resolution is requested to another dispute settlement agency in addition to the Consumer Dispute Mediation Committee, it is excluded from the damage relief package, but it should be allowed for the party to choose a mediation agency. It will be necessary to devise the institutional measures to increase the completion rate of mediation so that the consumer dispute can be resolved efficiently through the mediation. Fifth is the introduction of the air service consumer arbitration system. A measure to supplement the limitations of the consumer dispute mediation system is to introduce the consumer arbitration system, but there are two measurements which are the introduction of the consumer arbitration under the Consumer Fundamental Act and the introduction of the consumer arbitration under the Arbitration Act. The latter measurement is considered to be appropriate. In conclusion, as a policy task, the government should prepare laws and system to enhance the prevention and relief of damages and protection of the rights and interests of air service consumers, and establish and implement the consumer-centric policy for the advancement of air service.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.165-175
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• 2012

Recently, accumulation of technology, transfer, absorption, and commercialization is being significantly recognized as a key factor for sustainable growth of the 21st century global economy. The government established "Technology Transfer and Commercialization Promotion Act" In order that the technology developed at public research institutions can be transferred to the private sector and commercialized; the technology developed in the private sector can be traded and commercialized. Also, the Article 14 of "Technology Transfer and Commercialization Promotion Act" is concerning technology transfer agents' registration, promotion, and support: it introduced the special status system of technology transfer agents and the government registers, manages, and supervises it. In most developed countries, the technology transfer agency is transferred to the private sector and it is referred as a technology transfer agent or technology broker. In the domestic market, despite the introduction of the above special status system and the building a various organization and transfer medium system for boosting the market's revitalization, some problems occurred; because the registration system of a technology transfer agent and legal basis and system about its following-up control fall short. For example, recently technology transfer-related performance exemption has brought the activation of technology transfer agent's registration, but there was the limit of selecting the expert above a certain level. Therefore, some countermeasures for this are urgent, In addition, through a compulsory training completion system before the technology trade agent registration is prepared, a short period of curriculum was not sufficient to provide applicants various specialized knowledge. In this research, it is considered about the reform of technology transfer agent through its comparative study in China and Korea. Some improvements are suggested for expanding the market of technology transfer commercialization, assuring the agents' service and strengthening the competitiveness.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.73-78
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• 2019

Recently, there is a need to introduce a Korean-style restriction sandbox system that exempts or suspends existing regulations so that new products or services based on new technologies can be commercialized without restrictions. In response, the government reorganized the relevant statutes to promptly check regulations centering on four fields, including industrial convergence, ICT, FinTech, and regional innovation growth, and to allow experimental, proof and market releases by setting certain conditions(zone, period, scale, etc.). However, despite the same regulatory sandbox application, depending on the nature of the field applied, differences in application subject, whether application of regulatory specifics, system of push ahead decision-making and whether support of financial and taxation are shown. This research is intended to present efficient operation measures for successful settling of Korean-style regulation sandboxes by comparing and analyzing, centering on the Industrial Fusion Promotion Act in the Industrial Convergence Field, ICT field's Information and Communication Convergence Act, FinTech field's Financial Innovation Act and Regional Special Zone Act in the Regional Innovation and Growth Sector.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.159-184
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• 2021

The significance of the enactment of the 「Act On The Safety Of And Support For Advanced Regenerative Medicine And Advanced Biological Products」 is to break away from the regulation of the Pharmaceutical Affairs Act and expand patient treatment opportunities through a medical technology approach to regenerative medicine, which is essentially a medical practice called 'transplantation'. However, more than a year after the law was enacted, clinical study has not been activated, with not a single high-risk study approved by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety being approved. The reason is that despite the legal purpose of expanding patient treatment opportunities, the data requirements for clinical study approval are set in connection with drug development despite the insufficient legal basis, making it difficult for many researchers to meet the data requirements. Prior to the enactment of the Act, submitted data for clinical study on cell therapy products within the Pharmaceutical Affairs Act were cosiderably exempted from quality and non-clinical test data, but with the enforcement of the Advanced Regenerative Bio Act, quality and non-clinical test data are required in accordance with pharmaceuticals when applying for approval of a clinical study plan. To rectify this, when considering the identity of clinical study on advanced regenerative medicine to expand treatment opportunities, recognize that there are limitations in connection with drug development. And it is necessary to preserve the identity of clinical study on advanced regenerative medicine, and on the other hand, in the case of drug product approval, clinical study results should be utilized while specifying usage requirements. Therefore, with the power of the market and the voluntary motive of the clinical researcher, it is necessary to prepare the necessary data by themselves rather than the basic requirements for clinical study approval.