• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.854-857
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• 2018

It becomes important to analyze the effects of electromagnetic wave on human body, as various wireless equipments are widely used in daily life. SAR (specific absorption rate) is a parameter of the effects of electromagnetic wave on human body. However, it considers only human tissues, and it is difficult to evaluate the effects of electromagnetic wave when metal artifacts are inserted such as dental implants. This paper introduces a method to simulate SAR, and gets its simulated results. Simulated SAR of human head model with dental implants in 30 GHz 5th generation mobile communications (5G) frequency band is $2.50{\times}10^{-3}W/kg$ in maximum and $8.58{\times}10^{-7}W/kg$ in average. These values are absolutely below 1.6 W/kg Korean domestic SAR limit.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.37 no.11
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• pp.1397-1405
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• 2013

The optimal rib pattern design of B-pillar trim considering occupant head protection can be determined by two methods. One is the conventional approximate optimization method that uses the statistical design of experiments (DOE) and response surface method (RSM). Generally, approximated optimum results are obtained through the iterative process by trial-and-error. The quality of results strongly depends on the factors and levels assigned by a designer. The other is a methodology derived from previous work by the authors, called the sequential design of experiments (SDOE), to reduce the trial-and-error procedure and to find an appropriate condition for using artificial neural network (ANN) systematically. An appropriate condition is determined from the iterative process based on the analysis of means. With this new technique and ANN, it is possible to find an optimum design accurately and efficiently.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.28 no.8
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• pp.659-666
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• 2004

This paper describes Three-Dimensional Listening Simulation System (3D-LSS) which is to analyze whistle sound related marine casualties, and is to evaluate the accident situations using 3D sound by Head Related Transfer Function At first, the hree-dimensional listening model from the analysis of accident situations is proposed, and then the reproduction and evaluation methods of 3D sounds are also discussed. The system is designed to explain the accident situations and to simulate the possible situations with GUI based graphics and 3D sound reproduction. The evaluation experiments using 3D-LSS are carried out with six cases that did not known whether it is true or not the blast and listening of the whistle sound between two vessels. As results of psychological assessments by five subjects, the six cases can be analyzed clearly by visual images and audio sounds, thus the usability of 3D-LSS as one of the judgment assistant system of marine casualty is verified.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.23 no.9
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• pp.1060-1069
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• 2019

Pedestrian-based camera self-calibration methods are suitable for video surveillance systems since they do not require complex calibration devices or procedures. However, using arbitrary pedestrians as calibration targets may result in poor calibration accuracy due to the unknown height of each pedestrian. To solve this problem in the real surveillance environments, this paper proposes a novel Bayesian approach. By assuming known statistics on the height of pedestrians, we construct a probabilistic model that takes into account uncertainties in both the foot/head locations and the pedestrian heights, using foot-head homology. Since solving the model directly is infeasible, we use variational Bayesian inference, an approximate inference algorithm. Accordingly, this makes it possible to estimate the height of pedestrians and to obtain accurate camera parameters simultaneously. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is robust to noise and provides accurate confidence in the calibration.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.913-921
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• 1993

Texture mapping is mostly used as an image synthesis method in the model-based coding system. An image synthesis using this method uses only the texture information of a front face-view. Therefore, when the model is rotated, texture mapping may produce an awkward image in point of shading. In this paper. a new texture mapping method considering shading effect is studied, and also the ear's wireframe and changes of hair are suplemented for the relation. The experimental results show that the proposed method yields the synthesized images with reasonably natural quality.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.672-675
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• 2004

JACK$^{\circledR}$, SAFEWORK$^{\circledR}$과 같은 인간공학적 설계지원 시스템들은 인체모델의 눈 위치로부터 생성된 시야원추(view cone)를 이용하여 자동차 내장 설계의 시계성을 평가하여왔다. 그러나, 시야원추를 이용한 시계성 평가 방법은 내장 부품의 시야원추 내 존재 여부에 대한 시각적 판단으로 정성적 평가 결과만을 제공한다. 본 연구는 세분화된 눈과 머리의 회전범위를 이용하여 시계영역을 5 부분으로 구분하였고 각 부분에 1 ${\sim}$ 5까지의 점수를 할당하여 내장 설계의 시계성을 정량적으로 평가하는 척도를 개발하였다. 그리고, 다양한 크기의 인체모델들의 눈 위치에서 생성된 시계영역 이용하여 내장 부품들의 시계성을 정략적으로 평가하고 부품들의 상대적 중요도을 고려하여 종합적 시계성 평가 점수를 산출하는 시스템을 Microsoft$^{\circledR}$Access 를 이용하여 개발하였다.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• 1998.06c
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• pp.273.1-276
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• 1998

3D 음장 재생을 위한 기존의 방법 중 HCI(Human Computer Interface)에서 가장 효과적인 방법으로는 HRTF를 이용한 재생방법을 들 수 있다. 하지만 이 방법의 문제점은 표준 HRTF가 없다는 것이며 따라서 평균값을 가진 HRTF를 사용할 수밖에 없다. 이는 많은 부분에서 음상정위의 문제점으로 나타내어진다. 본 논문은 기하학적 인체 모델링을 통한 구조적인 HRTF 모델로 기존의 Pole/Zero, Series expansion(PCA) 모델링의 문제점인 유용성, 시스템의 복잡성을 극복할 수 있는 최근 이론을 소개하고 구현 방법에 대해 알아보고자 한다. 또한 본 연구팀에서 개발한 측정 HRTF를 이용한 3D 음장 재현 시스템으로 기존 스테레오 시스템에서는 불가능했던 머리 밖 음상정위 실험 결과를 보여주고 개선점에 대해 조사해 보았다.

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1994 no.12
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• pp.131-133
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• 1994

뇌전위 측정에 의해 흥분 뉴런군의 위치를 추정하는 source localization problem은 Evoked Potential 해석법에 있어서 매우 중요한 의미를 갖는다. 이번 논문에서는 EEG실험에서의 전극 배치가 S/N(signal to noise ratio)과 추정 오차 사이에 어떤 영향을 미치는 가를 Monte Carlo 시뮬레이션으로 조사하였다. 머리 모델은 3중 구각 모델을 사용하였고 이론 이용하여 forward problem을 계산하였다. 쌍극자 파라미터를 minimization 하는 문제는 simplex method를 이용하여 계산하였다. 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션 결과, 특이한 점은 전극의 밀도와 입체각에 의해 쌍자 파라미터 오차가 변화했다는 사실이다. 이것은 곧바로 전극 배치와 연관이 된다. 실제 EEG 실험에서 전극 배치를 어떻게 했는가에 따라 그에 따른 오차가 변화한다. 이러한 오차의 원인을 제거하기 위해서 새로운 전극 배치를 모델링하여 기존의 전극 배치와 비교해 보았다. 그 결과 전극 밀도와 입체각에 대한 오차를 크게 줄일 수 있었다.

• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.8-14
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• 2015

The objective of this study was to construct the spring-mass models for the car-to-car frontal impact crash. The SISAME software was utilized to extract the spring-mass models using the data from US-NCAP frontal crash tests. The spring-mass models of a compact car and a midsize car could effectively approximate the crash characteristics for the full frontal barrier impact and the car-to-car frontal impact scenarios. Compared to the barrier crash tests, the dummy injuries of midsize car decreased, while the dummy injuries of compact car increased, under the frontal car-to-car crash circumstances.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.97-106
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• 1996

The impact response of the human brain has been determined by three-dimensional finite element modeling. The model includes a layered shell closely representing the cranial bones with the interior contents occupied by an incompressible contimuum to simulate the brain. Flax and tentorium modeled with 4 node membrane element were also incorporated. The computed pressure-time histories at 4 locations within the brain element compared quite favorably with previously published experimental data from cadaver experiments. A parametric study was subsequently conducted to identify the model response when the impact were varied.