• Proceedings of the KWS Conference
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.113-113
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• 2009

세계적으로 환경문제에 대한 관심이 커짐에 따라 연료 효율 향상과 매연을 줄이기 위해 차량 경량화 요구가 증가하는 동시에 안전 규제가 강화되고 있어 높은 강도를 가지는 소재의 적용이 증가하고 있다. 충돌 시 차량 구조를 유지시켜주는 범퍼나 B-필러와 같은 부품에 1500MPa급의 초고강도강이 적용되고 있으며 레이저 용접이 가지는 장점이 많이 알려지면서 그 사용이 증가하는 추세이다. 따라서 레이저 용접에 의한 초고강도강의 용접 특성에 대한 연구가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 1500MPa급 초고강도강의 레이저 맞대기 용접을 실시하여 단면, 경도 측정, 인장시험을 통해 용접부 특성을 파악하였다. 파이버 레이저와 디스크 레이저를 사용하여 각각의 레이저빔 직경 변화에 따른 입열량 변화에 따라 용접성에 미치는 영향에 대해 알아보았다.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.89-94
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• 2015

This study was conducted to compare the laser weldability of boron steel and hot-stamped steel. In general, boron steel is used in the hot-stamping process. Hot-stamping is a method for simultaneously forming and cooling boron steel in a press die after heating it to the austenitizing temperature. Hot-stamped steel has a strength of 1500 MPa or more. Thus, in this study, the laser weldability of boron steel and thet of hot-stamped steel were investigated and compared. A continuous wave disk laser was used to produce butt and lap joints. In the butt welding, the critical cooling speed at which full penetration was obtained in the hot-stamped steel was lower than that of boron steel. In the lap welding, the joint widths were similar regardless of the welding speed when full penetration was obtained.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.20-28
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• 1996

고밀도 에너지를 열원으로 이용하는 고출력 레이저로는 CO$_{2}$레이저와 Nd;YAG 레이저가 있다. 레이저는 열가공임에도 불구하고 빔의 스폿경을 작게하여 높은 에너지 밀도($10^{6}$ W/cm$_{2}$ 이상)을 얻을 수 있으므로 열영향이 작고 작은 변형범위내에서 용접을 할 수 있고 입력 에너지의 제어성이 좋아서 미세한 용접이 가능하게 하고, 빔폭 대비 용입깊이가 커서 깊은 용접 비드가 형성되며, 자동화가 용이하다는 장점이 있다. 특히 Nd;YAG 레이저의 경우는 광 섬유를 이용하므로서 에너 지의 시간 분할 및 에너지 분할을 할 수 있는 등 분기 및 배치가 용이하며 펄스의 활 용을 극대화 할 수 있는 장점이 있다. 그러나, 결점으로도 맞대기 용접의 경우 갭의 여유가 판두께, 초점위치, 빔모드에 따라 변화하는데 이는 빔 스폿이 작음에 따른 장점이 단점으로 작용하는 경우이다. 레이저 용접부의 비드 폭이 좁기 때문에 인장 강도가 모재의 인장강도보다 밑도는 것도 겹쳐서 용접된 이음 부분의 인장강도에 있 어서 단점이 되고 있다.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Pressure Vessels and Piping
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.69-73
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• 2015

The study investigated effects of residual stresses and Charpy impact energy on brittle fractures of the butt weld between the valve and the piping, and of the valve body in nuclear power plants via a linear elastic fracture mechanics approach in the ASME B&PV Code, Sec.XI and finite element analysis. Weld residual stress in a butt weld between close check valve and piping, and residual stress in the valve due to casting process were assumed to be proportional to yield strength of base metal. Operating stresses in the butt weld and the valve body were calculated using approximate engineering formulae and finite element analysis, respectively. Applied stress intensity factors were calculated by assuming postulated cracks with specific sizes and then by substituting the residual stresses and the operating stresses into engineering formulae presented in the ASME B&PV Code, Sec.III. Plane strain fracture toughness was derived by using a correlation between Charpy V-notch impact energy and fracture toughness. Structural integrity of the weld and the body against brittle fracture was assessed by using the applied stress intensity factors, plane strain fracture toughness and the linear elastic fracture mechanics approach. As a result, it was identified that the structural integrity was maintained with decreasing the residual stress levels and increasing the Charpy V-notch impact energy.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.38 no.10
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• pp.1163-1169
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• 2014

In this study, a fatigue assessment method for vehicle suspension systems having welded geometries was established under a bending loading condition. For the fatigue life estimation of the actual product's welded joints made of different steels, bending fatigue tests were performed on welded specimens with a simplified shape for obtaining the moment-fatigue-life plot. Further, geometry modeling of the simplified welded specimens was conducted. Results of finite element analysis were used to obtain the stress-fatigue-life plot. The analysis results were also used to calculate the stress concentration factors for notch-factor-based fatigue life estimation. The test results were compared with results of the general notch-factor-based fatigue life estimation for improving fatigue assessment. As a result, it was concluded that both the welded fatigue tests and the notch-factor-based fatigue life estimation are necessary for accurate fatigue assessment.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.53-62
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• 1986

For the research on the fatigue fracture behavior in the welded joints of steel structures, base metal specimens and welded ones were selected, and the direct fatigue tests were carried out. Thereafter, fatigue-life (S-N) curves, plastic strain-number of cycles (${\varepsilon}_p$-N) curve, the extrapolated fatigue-life (${\varepsilon}_p$-$N_c$) curve, and da/dN-${\Delta}K$ curves were plotted. By these results the followings were obtained. It was shown that the ratio of fatigue strength at $2{\times}10^6$ cycles of the welded specimen to that of the base metal one was 0.6, and that 0.72 for the base metal and 0.65 for the welded one were the ratio of fatigue strength at $2{\times}10^6$ cycles to yielding stress. The S-N curve for the welded specimen was separated into two sections, the low gradient section and the steep section. As this result, it was shown that the more stress became to reduce, the more the reduction of fatigue strength became to be great. It was shown that fatigue strength at $2{\times}10^6$ cycles from this case was about 83 % of that from the S-N curve plotted with one section. It was thought that the reason was that weld flaw acted greatly on the fatigue strength within the low stress range. It was shown that at the instart of crack initiation plastic strain increased abrupt1y in the case of the welded specimen more than the case of the base metal specimen, and increased abruptly in the upper stress range in both cases. It was shown that the experimental constant ${\alpha}$, 0.42, in the base metal nearly accorded with Manson-Coffin's result, but this made a great difference with the case in the welded specimen. It was thought that it was due to the abrupt change of plastic strain and the influence of weld flaw.

• Proceedings of the KWS Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.30-30
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• 2008

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.9 no.4 s.35
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• pp.371-378
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• 2006

This study investigates the effects of the material properties and the fatigue behaviors in the SM490A material butt weld specimens due to the heat-treatment and the grinding. In the fatigue behavior, the heat-treatment affects the fatigue life. The S-N curves of both matrix specimen and butt weld specimen are reversed at some cycle by the existence or nonexistence of heat-treatment. The grinding on the bead makes the fatigue limit decrease in the all specimens. But the reinforcement removed, the fatigue limit increases at the high cycle. Also, this study investigates the fatigue life estimation by examining butt weld bead profiles. The butt weld beads, which are welded by semi-robot method, have non-uniform bead profiles described by $\theta,\;\rho$ and h. The stress concentration factors $K_t$, are changed by each different $\theta,\;\rho$ and h from 1.395 to 2.863. Hence, the sensitivity of $K_t$ is changed by each $\theta,\;\rho$ and h. As $\theta$ becomes lower and $\rho$ and h become higher, $K_t$ increases. The fatigue life can he estimated very closely for the AAY specimens without residual stress using only butt weld bead profiles. But, fur the AAN specimens with residual stress, the fatigue life must be estimated by considering both the weld bead profiles and the residual stress data.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.6282-6288
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• 2014

$CO_2$ welding is used widely in the field. On the other hand, welding defects occur when welders cannot adjust the current and voltage needed for welding and have to stop working to adjust the current and voltage, causing sudden cooling down of the welding structure inside a vehicle or tank where the control panel is invisible or when work site is far. This study used three types of existing $CO_2$ welders. This also applied SS400 rolled steel for welding structural purposes for remote control torch welding, perform a welding test through v-groove butt welding with a remote control torch and existing $CO_2$ welding torch, conducted visual inspection on the appearance of a welded top bead. In addition, the appearance quality of the welding part was monitored mainly through penetrant testing and a bending test to evaluate the welding defect reduction and the effect on the performance and compatibility by replacing the existing welder.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.34 no.9
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• pp.1311-1316
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• 2010

In this study, straight slot welding was carried out using a 316L stainless steel test block, and numerical simulation of the slot weld process was performed using finite element analysis. Data on the residual stress were obtained at equally spaced points on the top surface of the test block along directions parallel and perpendicular to the welding direction. After electrolytic polishing of the top surface of the block, the residual stress was measured by the X-ray diffraction method. The calculated weld residual stresses were compared with the measured data, and they were in good agreement with the data. The weld residual stress distribution inside the plate was determined from the results of finite element analysis, and the characteristics of the distribution were discussed in detail in this paper.