• Journal of architectural history
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.45-54
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• 2019

Mandongmyo(萬東廟) was a shrine built for two emperors of the Ming Dynasty in Huoyangri, Cheongju. Since the 17th century, the classical scholars of the Joseon Dynasty had valued Mandongmyo Shrine as a place for the so-called Jonjudaeui(尊周大義). In 1865, however, the shrine was demolished and ruined, afterward rebuilt by King Gojong(高宗) in 1874. King Gojong played an important role in the construction plan for the new shrine, which he adjusted the layout of the building and named it. Unlike in the past, the reconstructed shrine was thoroughly led by the government, and its architectural character was greatly transformed. The reconstructed Mandongmyo was respected as the national shrine, but subjected to oppression by the Japanese imperialism. The 68 years after it was rebuilt, the shrine was destroyed on the charge of inciting the sense of national consciousness.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.39-49
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• 2019

Confucian ideologies formed a unique spatial order in the spatial composition of seowon architecture. Confucian scholars viewed ancient China as the ideal society, so they tried to apply the "Myochim" theory, the architectural system of the time, to the Joseon society. However, it was not easy to apply ancient architectural ideas in Joseon in the 16th century. Therefore, various opinions were presented by scholars to establish the relationship between Joseon alone. Unlike the Ki-ho school application of this theory, the construction of Seowon was done according to ancient principles from a practical standpoint, there were fewer experiments for actual application in Yeong-nam school. This was a pragmatic attitude that presupposes a clear difference between the ancient Chinese system and the reality of Joseon in the 17th century.