• Geotechnical Engineering
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.39-52
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• 1994

The group effect of inclined ground anchor should be considered in design, but it has been hardly studied due to the difficulties of experimental or theoretical study. In this study, the model tests for the inclined ground anchors are made, and the displacements and strain fields of ground around anchor surface are analysed. As the results of this study, the group effect of the inclined ground anchor in air dried sand ground does not show even though two anchor surfaces are very close(10.7cm, surface to surface). That is to say, ,in the case that the final failure surface by pullout of anchor shows on the anchor surface, the pullout resistances of single anchors are almost same as those of the group anchors in these model tests.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.349-357
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• 1989

Uncooked starch can be effectively saccharified in an enzyme reaction system containing attrition-milling media. To develope the high efficiency bioattritor, an agitated bead type bioreactor was constructed, and its effectiveness was evaluated. The optimal operation condition of bioattritor was found to be 300 g glass bead/L, 200 rpm, standard type impeller for 220 g/L of uncooked corn starch. The torque under the various operational conditions were also measured. The interrelation-ship between energy consumption for agitation of attrition-milling media and enhanced extent of saccharification of uncooked starch was evaluated, Power consumption was measured to be around 1.53 watt/L under the optimal operation condition. The attrition coupled enzyme reaction system is identified to tie a very excellent energy saying process for saccharification of uncooked starch, and seems to have a bright prospect of industrial application.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.407-413
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• 1986

In an agitated bead reaction system, the enzymatic saccharification of uncooked starch was substantially enhanced. The enhancement mechanism was investigated front the view of the structural aspect of starch. The mechanical impact caused by the movement of the attrition-milling media resulted neither the destruction of microcrystalline structure nor the fragmentation of starch granule. instead, the most distinct phenomenon was the swelling of starch granule up to about 2.5 times, and the swelling mechanism was not similar with that caused by cooking. However, in the case of the enzyme addition in the attrition coupled reaction system, the swollen starch was easily fragmented into the large number of small particles by the synergistic action of the enzyme and milling-media. The exposed surface area of the fragmented particles plays the major role in enhancing the saccharification. The saccharification rate was quite different depending on the source of starch, the reason was discussed in terms of the granular structure of uncooked starches.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.337-343
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• 2004

This paper presents an experimental study of friction and wear properties of a unidirectional oriented continuous crbon-fiber reinforced epoxy composite at the ambient temperature. Friction and wear experiments were conducted in the three principal sliding direction of the fiber orientation in the composite were selected against the stainless steel counterpart specularly processed were using a pin -on-disc apparatus. Friction coefficient and specific wear rate at various normal loads and sliding velocities wear determined. When sliding took place against smooth and hard counterpart, the hightest were resistance and the lowest friction coefficient were observed in the anti-parallel direction. The wear track of the worn specimens was examined with a scanning electron microscope(SEM) to observe the damaged fibers on the surface. In addition, SEM observations of the worn surfaces allowed to identify the involved different wear mechanisms.

• Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.33-40
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• 2009

The laboratory tests and field plate load test were carried out to evaluate the reinforcement effect of geocell for road construction. The geocell-reinforced subgrade shows the increment of cohesion and friction angle with comparison of non-reinforced subgrade. In addition, the field plate load test was performed on the geocell-reinforced subgrade to estimate the bearing capacity of soil. The direct shear test was conducted with utilizing a large-scale shear box to evaluate the internal soil friction angle with geocell reinforcement. The number of cells in the geocell system is varied to investigate the effect of soil reinforcement. The theoretical bearing capacity of subgrade soil with and without geocell reinforcement was estimated by using the soil internal friction angle. The field plate load tests were also conducted to estimate the bearing capacity with geocell reinforcement. It is found out that the bearing capacity of geocell-reinforced subgrade gives 2 times higher value than that of unreinforced subgrade soil. The settlement and the distribution of deformation were also estimated by using the finite element method. The magnitude of settlements on the geocell-reinforced subgrade and unreinforced subgrade are 6.8cm and 1.2cm, respectively.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.487-493
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• 1986

본 연구에서는 K-.epsilon. 모델을 사용하여 마찰감소 현상이 있는 저어널베어링 내 의 흐름을 해석하였다.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.1118-1127
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• 1989

본 연구에서는 두 치차사이의 접촉 문제를 해석하기 위하여 마찰을 고려한 수직 하중과 접선 하중이 동시에 작용하는 경우에서의 접촉 문제를 수식화하였다. 그리고 두개의 원통의 접촉으로 가정함이 없이 실제적인 인벌루우트 곡면간의 접촉 문제를 해석하기 위하여 유한 요소법을 사용하였으며 비선형 연립 방정식으로 수식화된 된 접촉 문제를 효과적으로 풀기 위하여 최적화 기법을 이용한 산법을 제시하였다. 이때 마찰을 고려한 치차의 접촉 문제 해석에 필요한 수직 압력 분포는 이 등에 의하여 이루어진 결과를 이용하였다. 제시한 산법에 의하여 마찰을 고려한 두 치차의 접촉 문제를 해석하여 치차 손상의 중요한 원인중의 하나인 피팅(pitting) 현상을 유발하는 실제적인 조건을 고려함으로써 자동화 및 정밀화 되어가는 기계의 중요한 부품으로서 치차의 정밀 설계를 하기 위한 정확한 자료를 제시하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2014.11a
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• pp.296-297
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• 2014

고체윤활제는 고온부품의 응용에 매우 적합한 소재이다. 세라믹스를 기반으로 하는 고온저마찰소재는 우주항공, 발전시설 등과 같은 다양한 분야에서 매우 중요하다. 본 연구는 고온저마찰 소재를 가지는 자기윤활 $Al_2O_3-ZrO_2$ 세라믹 복합 코팅층의 마찰마모거동에 초점을 맞추고 있다. 이 자기윤활 $Al_2O_3-ZrO_2$ 세라믹 복합 코팅층은 대기플라즈마 용사법으로 제작하였으며, 비윤활상태에서 마찰마모거동을 조사하였다.

• Korea Petroleum Association Journal
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• no.3 s.97
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• pp.105-107
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• 1989

ㆍ재정적자 축소에 큰 효과 기대 ㆍ석유과징금부과보다도 효과 확실 ㆍ연비효율 좋은 일본차수요증대로 무역마찰 예상도

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.426-432
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• 1995

윤활제인 zinc stearate의 첨가량 (0~4wt%)을 변화시켜 U$O_{2}$분말의 겉보기밀도, 성형시의 분말입자간 마찰과 입자/다이벽 마찰간의 상관관계를 조사하였다. 소량의 윤활제 첨가시에는 U$O_{2}$분말입자간 박막의 윤활제 도포층이 형성되어 겉보기밀도가 증가한 반면 다량의 윤활제를 첨가한 경우에는 U$O_{2}$ 분말입자에 두꺼운 윤활제 도포층이 형성되고 미혼합된 윤활제가 존재하여 겉보기밀도는 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 윤활제를 첨가혼합한 상태에서 다이벽 윤활도포 유무에 따라 구한 U$O_{2}$ 성형체의 성형압력/성형밀도 자료로부터 분말입자간 마찰, 입자/다이벽 마찰 그리고 성형시 lubrication/inhibition등의 상대적 중요성을 조사하였다. 입자/다이벽 마찰에 의한 압력손실은 입자간 마찰에 의한 압력손실보다 크게 나타났다. 입자/다이벽 마찰에 의한 압력손실은 다이벽 윤활제 도포에 의해 최소화될 수 있지만 상대적으로 바람직하지 않은 성형시의 inhibition이 야기되는 것으로 나타났다.