• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.70-79
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• 2013

The isothermal flow structure and mixing characteristics of a hybrid/dual swirl jet combustor for micro-gas turbine (MGT) were numerically investigated. Location of pilot burner, swirl angle and direction were varied as main parameters with the identical thermal load. As a result, the variations in location of pilot nozzle, swirl angle and direction resulted in the significant change in turbulent flow field near burner exit, in particular, center toroidal recirculation zone (CTRZ) as well as turbulent intensity, and thus the flame stability and emission performance might be significantly changed. With the comparison of experimental results, the case of swirl angle $45^{\circ}$ and co-swirl flow including optimum location of pilot burner were chosen in terms of the flame stability and emissions for the development of hybrid/dual swirl jet combustor.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2013.05a
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• pp.175-175
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• 2013

Al-Ni nano-foil은 상온에서 외부 방전 및 촉발에 따라 급속한 자기 발열 반응이 일어나는 특성을 보이며, 외부 촉발을 통해 상온에서 온도를 높일 수 없는 접합이나 마이크로 수준의 미세 접합이 가능한 접합재료로서 현재 상당한 기대가치를 갖고 있는 재료이다. 코팅기술로서 sputtering법을 이용하여 Al-Ni 다층막의 nano-foil를 제조하여 Al-Ni 혼합 비율 및 Bi-layer 수에 따른 self-propagating reaction에 대해 조사하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.139-143
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• 2011

금속분말을 청정 에너지원으로 이용하기 위해 금속분말 소형 연소기의 구현이 필요하다. 이를 위한 기초 연구로서 점화성이 뛰어나면서도 경제적인 수십 마이크로 크기의 마그네슘(Mg) 분말을 대상으로 고온 증기(steam)와의 연소 현상 대해 연구하였다. 본 연구에서는 연소실 내 체류시간 및 혼합 효율을 증가시키기 위해 와류 유동을 연소기에 적용하였고 아르곤(Ar) 이송가스를 이용해 마그네슘 분말을 공급하였다. 안정한 화염을 유지시키기 위하여 이송가스의 유량을 변화시켜 공급되는 마그네슘의 양을 조절하였고, 고온 증기의 공급량은 니들 밸브의 개도를 조정하거나 우회시킨 관로로 증기의 일부를 배출함으로써 조절하였다. 고온의 점화원을 사용하여 증기 분위기 내 마그네슘 분말을 점화시켜, 대기압 환경에서 마그네슘/증기/아르곤의 지속적인 화염을 구현하였다.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.919-923
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• 2003

In this paper, a double-sided planar balun using Microstrip-to-CPW coupled structure is fabricated and measured. The measured amplitude and phase imbalance are, respectively, less than 0.2 dB and 2.1$^{\circ}$ in a wide frequency range from 2.44 GHz to 4.33 GHz. It is expected that the proposed balun can improved the performance of balanced mixer, amplifier and feeding network of antennas. Also, it can be used in many microwave multilayer structures due to its structural characteristics.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.16 no.7 s.98
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• pp.753-759
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• 2005

In this paper, we have developed a new type of single balanced mixer with the RF MEMS $180^{\circ}$ hybrid coupler using surface micromachining technology. The $180^{\circ}$ hybrid coupler in this mixer is composed of the dielectric-supported air gapped microstriplines(DAMLs) which have signal line with $10{\mu}m$ height to reduce substrate dielectric loss and dielectric posts with size of $20{\mu}m{\times}20{\mu}m$ to elevate the signal line on air with stability At LO power of 7.2 dBm, the conversion loss was 15.5 dB f3r RF frequency or 57 GHz and RF power of -15 dBm. Also, we obtained the good RF to LO isolation of -40 dB at LO frequency of 58 GHz and LO power of 7.2 dBm. The main advantage of this type of mixer is that we are able to reduce the size of the chips due to integrating the MEMS passive components.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.12a
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• pp.63-72
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• 2003

In order to reduce NOx emissions in the 20kW class microturbine under development, the low NOx characteristics, as being an application to the lean premixed combustion technology, have been investigated. The study has been conducted at the conditions of high temperature and high pressure. Theair from a compressor with the pressure of 2.5bar, 3.0bar, 3.5bar was supplied to the combustor with the temperature 560K through the air preheat-treatment. The sampling exhaust gas was measured at the immediate exit of the combustor. For the effect of temperature on NO and CO emissions, though NOx were increased, CO was decreased with increasing inlet air temperature. With increasing inlet air pressure, NOx were increased and CO was decreased also. NOx were decreased, but CO was increased with increasing inlet air mass flow rate. The test has been performed on the equivalent ratio of 0.10 to 0.16 in the lean region. NOx were increased with increasing equivalent ratio, but CO was decreased as an influence of flame temperature. CFD work with an appropriate combustion model predicated a complicated swirling flow pattern in the combustor, and also produced a numerical value of NOx and CO emissions which was to be compared with the experimental one. As the results of this study, NOx are expected to be reduced to less than 42ppm at 15% O2 when operated at the design condition of the 20kW class microturbine.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2007.05b
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• pp.1900-1905
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• 2007

A micro cyclone combustor was developed to be used as a heat source of thermoelectric power generator (TPG). The cyclone combustor was designed so that fuel and air were supplied to the combustion chamber separately. The mixing and flow characteristics in the combustor were investigated numerically. The global equivalence ratio (${\Phi}$), defined using the fuel and air flow rates, was introduced to examine the flow features of the combustor. The mixing of fuel and air inside the combustor could be well understood using the fuel concentration distribution. It was found that the weak recirculating zone was formed upper the fuel-supplying tube in case of ${\Phi}$ < 1.0. In addition, it was found that small regions that have a negative axial velocity exist near the fuel injection ports. It is assumed that these negative axial velocity regions can stabilize a flame inside the micro cyclone combustor.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2001.11b
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• pp.155-160
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• 2001

The low NOx characteristics have been investigated to develop the combustor for micro turbine. The lean premixed combustion technology was applied to reduce the NOx emission. The test was conducted at the condition of high temperature and ambient pressure. The combustion air which has the temperature of $450\sim650K$ were supplied to the combustor through the air preheater. The temperature and emissions of NOx and CO were measured at the exit of combustor, The exit temperature and NOx were increased and CO was decreased with increasing inlet air temperature. The premixing chamber can be operated very lean condition of equivalence ratio around 0.35. The NOx was decreased with decreasing the equivalence ratio. The CO was decreased with decreasing the equivalence ratio, but the CO was increased with decreasing the equivalence ratio below 0.4. But, at the very lean condition of equivalence ratio below 0.35 both NOx and CO were increased because of the flame unstability. The NOx was decreased and CO was increased with increasing inlet air flowrate. This results can be used to determine the size of combustor. Consequently the performance of combustor shows the possibility of the application to the gas turbine system.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.31 no.12
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• pp.1042-1047
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• 2007

A micro cyclone combustor was developed to be used as a heat source of thermoelectric power generator (TPG). The cyclone combustor was designed so that fuel and air were supplied to the combustion chamber separately. The mixing and flow characteristics in the combustor were investigated numerically. The global equivalence ratio ($\Phi$), defined using the fuel and air flow rates, was introduced to examine the flow features of the combustor. The mixing of fuel and air inside the combustor could be well understood using the fuel concentration distribution. It was found that the weak recirculating zone was formed upper the fuel-supplying tube in case of ${\Phi}$<1.0. In addition, it was found that small regions that have a negative axial velocity exist near the fuel injection ports. It is assumed that these negative axial velocity regions can stabilize a flame inside the micro cyclone combustor.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2013.02a
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• pp.374-375
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• 2013

Al/Ni 나노 멀티 포일은 상온에서 외부 방전 및 촉발에 따라 급속한 자기 발열 반응이 일어나는 특성을 보여, 외부 촉발을 통해 상온에서 온도를 높일 수 없는 접합이나 마이크로 수준의 미세 접합이 가능한 접합재료로서 활용이 상당히 기대되는 재료이다. 본 연구에서는 스퍼터링법을 이용하여 한 층이 20 nm 이하에서 Al과 Ni의 혼합 기준을 달리한 Al/Ni 나노 멀티 900층을 제조와 제조된 반응성 포일이 자기 발열 반응에 따른 미세구조에 대해 조사하였다. 박막의 증착은 3~10 mTorr의 공정압력 으로 Al 타겟 전류 1.7 A, Ni 타겟 전류 1.4 A로 하여 증착시간을 조절하여 제조하였다. SEM과 EDX를 통하여 Al/Ni 나노 멀티 포일의 성장구조와 각 원소의 함량을 조사하였다. XRD 미세결정구조 분석은 제조된 반응성 포일과 외부 촉발시킨 후 자기 발열 반응에 의해 형성되는 혼합 상에 대한 조사를 실시하였다. 혼합기준이 1:1의 Al/Ni 나노 멀티 포일에서 약 $980^{\circ}C$의 발열이 발생하는 것을 Pyrometer를 통해 측정하였으며, 자기 발열 반응 후의 혼합 상은 AlNi이 형성되었다. Ni rich 포일에서는 약 $730^{\circ}C$의 발열이 발생하였고, 혼합상으로 주로 AlNi이 형성되었고 Al3Ni2도 나타났으며, 반응에 참여하지 못한 Ni이 남아있는 것을 관찰하였다. Al rich 포일에서는 약 $720^{\circ}C$의 발열과 함께 AlNi, $AlNi_3$이 형성되었고 반응에 참여하지 못한 Al이 미세하게 나타났다.