• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.75-86
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• 2013

This paper presents a technique to implement embedded systems using interrupts of the one-chip microcontroller with many peripherals based on a multiple finite state machines model. The multiple finite state machine model utilizes the structure of FSMD used for hardware design and the features of flow control by interrupts. The main finite state machine corresponds to the main program and the sub-state machines corresponds to the interrupt subroutines. Therefore, interrupts from the peripherals can be processed immediately in the sub-state machines. The request and reply variables are used to interface between the finite state machines. Additional operating system is not necessary for the context switching between the main state machine and the sub-state machine, because the flow-control caused by interrupt can be replaced with the switching. An embedded system modeled on multiple finite state machine with ASM charts can be easily implemented by the conversion of ASM charts into C-language programs. This implementation technique can be easily adopted to the hardware oriented embedded systems because of the detail description of the model and the fast response to the interrupt events in the sub-state machine.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.502-506
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• 1994

The design of safety computer system is described along with the case of software design and testing in the Core Protection Calculator System (CPCS). The application of computer system in safety system requires not only hardware qualification but thorough testing on software to verify its correctness and completeness. The testing on software for CPCS is performed by comparing the outputs of two versions of code. One is implemented in assembly language and the other is in Fortran. The testing is performed in sequencial and overlapping manner. Phase I test verifies that each software module is implemented correctly by executing every branch. Phase II test verifies that the integrated software is complete, meeting its requirements specification and also the integrated system meet its requirement and timing constraints. Through these testing, the Yonggwang Nuclear Power Plant Units (YGN) 3 and 4 CPCS software is verified to be correct and complete, and the integrated system is designed as in its requirements specification.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.59-69
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• 1998

To increase the solubility of quercetin, which is a practically insoluble flavonoid of Ginkgo biloba leaf, the effects of nonaqueous vehicles. Their cosolvents, water-sol uble polymers and modified cyclodextrins (CDs) were observed. Polyethylene glycols, diethyleneglycol monoethyl ether, and their cosolvents with water showed a good solvency toward quercetin. Also the aqueous solutions of povidone, copolyvidone and Cremophor RH 40 was effective in solubilizing quercetin. Complex formation of quercetin with ${\beta}$-cyclodextrin (${\beta}$-CD), dimethyl-${\beta}$-cyclodextiin (DMCD), 2-hydroxypropyl-${\beta}$-cyclodextrin (HPCD) and ${\beta}$-cyclodextrin sulfobutyl ether (SBCD) in water was investigated by solubility method at $37^{\circ}C$. The addition of CDs in water markedly increased the solubility of quercetin with increasing the concentration. AL type phase solubility diagrams were obtained with CDs studied. Solubilizaton efficiency by CDs was in the order of SBCD >> DMCD > HPCD > ${\beta}$-CD. The dissolution rates of quercetin from solid dispersions with copolyvidone, povidone and HPCD were much faster than those of drug alone and corresponding physical mixtures, and exceeded the equilibrium solubility (3.03${\pm}1.72{\mu}$g/ml). The permeation of quercetin through duodenal mucosa did not occur even in the presence of enhancers such as bile salts, but the permeation was observed when the mucus layer was scraped off. This was due to the fact that quercetin had a strong binding to mucin ($58.5{\mu}$g/mg mucin). However rutin was permeable to the duodenal mucosa. The addition of enhancer significantly increased the permeation of rutin in the order of sodium glycocholate.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.37 no.10
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• pp.27-40
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• 2021

The construction method to prevent the frost heave or thaw settlement is called the ground stabilization method, and the thermo-syphon is one of the typical ground stabilization methods. The thermo-syphon has recently been developed with a simple analysis model and thermal analysis has been carried out, but the frost heave of frost susceptible soil was not considered. This study was conducted using ABAQUS internal user subroutine to develop the numerical analysis model (Coupled thermo-mechanical) that can simultaneously perform thermal analysis for the temperature change of the soil according to the thermo-syphon and structural analysis to predict the frost heave of the soil accordingly. As a result of the numerical analysis, the frost heave of the soil decreased as the performance of the thermo-syphon increased. As for the main results, when the thermo-syphon which has contain 25%, 50%, and 100% of refrigerant filling ratio was applied, the reduction ratio of the frost heave was 5.5%, 14.4%, and 21% respectively.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.14-28
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• 2021

Tourism has been considered as the opposite of everyday life. Tourism has been recognized as an extraordinary experience in an extraordinary time and space, and everyday life has been related to a non-extraordinary, that is ordinary time, space, and experience. Beyond this dichotomous thought, this paper focuses on positively combining the relation between tourism and everyday life. To this end, the paper analyzed the ordinaryness of everyday life in tourist spaces, and conversely, grasped the extraordinaryness in dairy spaces. This paper shows that routines affect tourism practice, family tourism make tourist spaces domestification through performance, and the off-the-beaten track tourism spaces for experiencing the ordinary daily life of local residents are centered around the neighborhoods of global metropolises. Based on this, it was able to overcome dualism between daily life and tourism, and to promote the nexus between two.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.33-41
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• 2018

The idea of the Internet of Things as a platform on the Smart Campus has become increasingly popular. It requires an infrastructure consisting of communication networks, sensor nodes and gateways to connect to the Internet. Each sensor node is responsible for gathering data from the environment. This document outlines a network of wireless sensors on the Internet for the application of Smart Campus monitoring. Wireless sensor network Monitoring have become a complete solution to using a low power implementation and integrated systems. The numerous restrictions however result from the low communication range, the limited computing power, the lack of availability of the network protocol, the lack of programming security and the security failures in the areas of confidentiality, integrity and availability. A new security technique and its functionality for WSNM nodes developed. Development in the research of a secure network and suggestions for avoiding denial of service (DOS) and complexity attacks. These systems if properly implemented can provide an energy efficiency mechanism through pre-allocation and a new key from key management models with a secure routine algorithm.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.9 no.8
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• pp.221-232
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• 2019

This study aimed at finding out special education teachers' failure and success factors in teacher recruitment examinations. Total of 24 special education teachers participated in the semi-structured interview and 12 separate semantic themes were extracted via continuous comparative analysis on the interview contents. The findings were the following. First, the identified factors for the failures on the examinations were merely following what others do, failure-causing learning strategies, unconditional memorization, ineffective study groups, anxiety and lack of confidence, and lack self-management issue. Second, the identified factors for the success on the examinations were my style of study habits, success-causing learning strategies, balance of understanding and memorization, effective study groups, positivity, and strong self routine. The research proposes several practical applications to prepare the exam regarding this results.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.145-152
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• 2019

Unlike a single value from a sensor device, a massive data set has characteristics for various processing aspects; input data may be formed in a different format, the size of input data varies, and the processing time of analyzing input data is not predictable. Therefore, context aware systems may contain complex modules, and these modules can be implemented and used in different ways. In order to solve these problems, we propose a method to handle context information from the result of analyzing massive data. The proposed method considers analysis work as a different type of abstracting context and suggests the way of representing context information. In experiment, we demonstrate how the context processing engine works properly in a couple of steps with healthcare services.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.108-114
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• 2019

Background: Rutin is decomposed by rutin-degrading enzymes (RDE) during the processing of buckwheat groats, resulting in a decrease in rutin content and a further increase in the bitterness of processed products. Thus, the present study aimed to examine RDE activity in groats and various tissues of domestic buckwheat varieties and to develop a method to reduce the loss of rutin during the groat processing. Methods and Results: RDE activity and isozymes patterns were determined in Tartary and common buckwheat. RDE activity, measured by quercetin production rate, was 273 and $70{\mu}g/g$ fresh weight/min in mature Tartary and common buckwheat groats, respectively. A total of six RDE isozymes were detected in mature groats of Tartary buckwheat on a non-denaturing gel. In Tartary buckwheat groats, RDE activity decreased by approximately 81 or 71% with roasting or steaming for 5 min respectively. As the roasting or steaming time increased to 30 min, RDE activity decreased by over 95%. These results indicated that RDE was inactivated in groats by roasting or steaming. When untreated Tartary buckwheat groats were kneaded with powder, RDE was activated and the quercetin production rate increased by 62%. However, when roasted groats were kneaded with powder, the quercetin production rate decreased by 93%, mainly due mainly to inactivation of RDE, as indicated by a decrease in band intensities of the six isozymes. Conclusions: These results suggested that the loss of rutin, due to RDE activity during processing, may be reduced by 71 to 100% by roasting or steaming groats for 5 to 30 min, due in large part to the inactivation of RDE isozymes.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.173-178
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• 2022

Recently, a recommendation system using deep learning in social network services has been actively studied. However, in the case of a recommendation system using deep learning, the cold start problem and the increased learning time due to the complex computation exist as the disadvantage. In this paper, the user-tailored exercise routine recommendation algorithm is proposed using the user's metadata. Metadata (the user's height, weight, sex, etc.) set as the input of the model is applied to the designed model in the proposed algorithms. The exercise recommendation system model proposed in this paper is designed based on the neural collaborative filtering (NCF) algorithm using multi-layer perceptron and matrix factorization algorithm. The learning proceeds with proposed model by receiving user metadata and exercise information. The model where learning is completed provides recommendation score to the user when a specific exercise is set as the input of the model. As a result of the experiment, the proposed exercise recommendation system model showed 10% improvement in recommended performance and 50% reduction in learning time compared to the existing NCF model.