• Title/Summary/Keyword: 디젤 입자상 물질

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A Experimental Study on Exhaust Gas Reduction by Pt Loading in Oxidation Catalyst of Diesel Engine (디젤기관의 산화촉매에서 Pt 로딩량에 따른 배출가스 저감에 관한 실험적 연구)

  • 오용석
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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    • v.8 no.4
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    • pp.13-18
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    • 1999
  • Recently among after-treatment devices which have high possibility of utility diesel oxidation catalyst(DOC) is concerned over the world. DOC oxidizes pollutants by means of activate-reaction during by-passing in the catalyst in doing so conversion efficiency of PM, CO and HC is high and this device does not have an effect on engine performance because back pressure is not nearly increased, But as a small amount of sulfur content in fuel is oxidized it makes sulfate which is absorbed on the surface of catalyst. So in this study the experiment is carried out by means of using ordinary fuel(0.1wt%) and low sulfur fuel(0.05wt%) with DOC and the emission gas of diesel engine is measured.

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An Experimental Study on SOx and PM Reduction by Sulfur Content in Light Duty Diesel Engine (소형디젤기관에서 황함유량에 따른 SOx 및 PM저감에 관한 실험적 연구)

  • Han, Yeong-Chul;O, Yong-Seok
    • Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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    • v.14 no.4
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    • pp.387-392
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    • 1998
  • Recently, among after-treatment devices which have high possibility of utility, diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) is concerned over the world. DOC oxidizes pollutants by means of activate-reaction during by -passing in the catalyst, in doing so, conversion efficiency of PM, CO and HC is high, and this device does not have an effect on engine performance because back pressure is not nearly increased. But, as a small amount of sulfur content in fuel is oxidized, it makes sulfate, which is absorbed on the surface of catalyst. So, in this study, the experiment is carried out by means of using ordinary fuel (0.1wt%) and low sulfur fuel (0.05wt%) with DOC, and the emission gas of diesel engine is measured.

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A Theoretical Study on Exhaust Gas Reduction by Oxidation Catalyst in Diesel Engine (디젤기관에서 산화촉매장치에 의한 배기가스 저감에 관한 이론적 연구)

  • 한영출;김종춘;김태섭
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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    • v.5 no.4
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    • pp.179-189
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    • 1997
  • Among aftertreatment devices which reduce exhaust gas of diesel engine, diesel oxidation catalyst(DOC) with high reduction efficiency for gaseous matter and particulate matter is now studied actively. In this study, a transient one-dimensional model developed to simulate the thermal and conversion characteristics of adiabatic monolithic converters operating under warm up conditions is presented. This model takes into account the gas solid heat and mass transfer, axial heat conduction, chemical reactions and the related heat release. The model has been used to analyze the transient response of an axisymmetric catalytic converter during a warm-up as a function of catalyst design parameters and operation conditions in order to observe their effects on the lightoff behaviour. The experimental test was carried out 2400 cc light diesel engine with DOC.

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A Study on Emission Reduction by Diesel Oxidation Catalyst in Diesel Engine (CI기관에서 디젤산화촉매장치에 의한 배출가스 저감에 관한 연구)

  • 김경배;한영출;강호인
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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    • v.4 no.4
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    • pp.164-170
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    • 1996
  • Among after treatment devices which reduce exhaust gas of diesel engine, diesel oxidation catalyst(DOC) with high reduction efficiency for gaseous matter and particulate matter is now being studied actively. In this study, an experiment was conducted to analyze the effects on factors of oxidaton characteristics and conversion efficiency of DOC. We tested to estimate change of engine performance whether a 11,000cc diesel engine equipps with DOC or not. We conducted test to estimate the reduction efficiency of exhaust gas in P-5 mode, in D-13 mode of heavy duty diesel regulation mode and in somoke opacity mode for two samples and also we conducted test to analyze the effects about both exhaust gas velocities 1,100rpm and 2,200rpm

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A study on Emission Reduction by DOC on Heavy Duty Diesel Engine (대형디젤기관에서 DOC에 의한 배출가스 저감에 관한 연구)

  • 한영출;류정호;오용석
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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    • v.7 no.5
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    • pp.16-21
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    • 1999
  • The diesel vehicle is relatively superior to gasoline vehicle on the fuel consumption, durability and combustion efficiency. However, exhaust emission from diesel vehicle are known to be harmful to human health and environment. The treatment technologies for the diesel exhaust gases are classified as replacement of fuel, quality control of diesel fuel, improvement of engine and aftertreatment system. The most effective for the treatment technology is known to be aftertreatment system, and this research is continuously conducted by many groups. The DOC system has many advantages of reducing particulates and harmful gaseous substances such as CO. HC. Moreover, it is simple in device structure, relatively low cost, and easy to install witout retrofitting the vehicle. In this study, experiment were conducted to analyze the effects on factors of oxidation characteristics and conversion efficiency of DOC. In experiment, test was conducted to estimate engine emission in 11,000cc diesel engine which was equipped with DOC.

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The Effect of Simultaneous Application with Biodiesel and ULSD on Exhaust Emissions and DOC (배출가스 및 DOC에 대한 바이오디젤과 ULSD의 동시 적용효과)

  • 박만재;백두성
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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    • v.12 no.2
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    • pp.62-68
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    • 2004
  • To comply with stringent exhaust emission standards, it is necessary to reserch on some better quality of automotive fuels. Sulfur in fuels is sulfur compound by DOC and then it caused to the increase of PM on the surface of the catalyst. This research is focused on diesel emission characteristics and poisoning effect on Diesel Oxidation Catalyst when Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel(ULSD) and biodiesel are applied simultaneously. The biodiesel is used to improve viscosity of fuel specially in fuel injection system of engine since the introduction of ULSD may degrade viscosity in the process of desulfurization. Furthermore, this study may provide some basic data for the design of emissions reduction technology.

Study on Performance and An Exhaust Emission by Bio-Diesel Deterioration and Engine Load Rate at Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine (대형디젤기관에서 바이오디젤 열화와 엔진부하에 따른 배출가스특성 및 성능에 관한 연구)

  • Park, Man-Jae;Kim, Mi-Soo
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers
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    • v.16 no.3
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    • pp.56-63
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    • 2007
  • Modern diesel vehicle has to comply with the EURO IV, V regulation with low level of particulate matter and smoke emission Moreover, emission standards of each countries are becoming stringent in advanced countries such as USA and Europe. Because Bio-diesel is similar to diesel fuel, it is essential to judge the environmental and health effects deriving from the use of Bio-diesel in diesel engine. The deterioration characteristics of emission in accordance with aging vehicles must be regulated for Bio-diesel. Therefore, under 1200 driving hours, 220,000km driving distance condition and full load, the deterioration characteristics of emission were estimated. We could reduce sulfur contents of fuel, particulate matter and smoke emission by using Bio-diesel and conform the influence of engine performance, emission, and fuel consumption by Bio-diesel deterioration

A Study on the Effect of Fuel Injection System on D. I. Diesel Engine (직접분사식 디젤기관의 성능에 미치는 연료 분사계의 영향에 관한 연구)

  • 윤천한;김경훈
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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    • v.10 no.2
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    • pp.80-86
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    • 2002
  • A fuel injection system has an important role in the performance and emission gas in a diesel engine. In this paper, an experimental study has been performed to verify the effect of the performance and the emission gas with the factors such as diameters of an injection nozzle hole, diameters of an injection pipe, and injection timing in the fuel injection system. We have obtained the results that the fuel consumption ratio is reduced and NOx concentration is increased as the smaller diameter of injection nozz1e hole, the smaller diameter of injection pipe, and more advanced injection timing. They show that optimizing the factors of fuel injection system is significant to enhance the performance of the engine system and consumption ratio of fuel, smoke, and NOx.

A Study on the Separation of Food-Waste Leachate into 3 Phases (음식물쓰레기 탈리액의 삼상분리)

  • Kim, Sangguk;Jeong, Minji;Kwon, Hyolee
    • 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2010.11a
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    • pp.197-197
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    • 2010
  • 음식물쓰레기의 삼성분은 수분, 휘발분, 회분이며 이들이 차지하는 비율은 계절, 지역별로 다소 상이하지만 수분 약 80%, 회분3%, 휘발분 17%이다. 음식물쓰레기 전처리과정으로 이물질제거, 탈수공정이 있으며 탈수공정에서 다량의 탈리액이 발생한다. 본 연구에서는 탈리액을 데칸타를 이용하여 1차로 원심분리하여 고.액 분리한 액을 실험대상으로 하였다. 실험대상 탈리액의 물성은 BOD 78,800[mg/l], COD 41,000[mg/l], 부유물질 25,900[mg/l], 총질소 928[mg/l]이었다. 탈리액에는 기름성분(육류, 식용유등), 입자상물질등이 포함되어 있으며 이들은 난분해성 유기물질로, 이를 제거하는데 기존의 처리방법으로 많은 어려움이 있어 주요한 수질오염 발생원이 되고 있다. 예를들면 하수처리장 폭기조 수면에 유막을 형성하여 산소공급을 방해함으로 미생물번식을 방해하는 요인이 된다. 본 연구는 음식물쓰레기 탈리액의 수분, 고형분, 유분으로의 삼상분리에 관한 것이다. 유분은 에멀젼형태로 안정되게 수층에 분산되어 존재한다. 미세기포를 이용한 부상법의 경우 미세기포 표면과 유분의 화학적친화력이 낮아 기포표면에 유분이 잘 부착되지 않으며, 원심분리 방법만으로는 유분 분리효율이 낮고, 추출에 의한 분리시 추출액이 다량 소요되고 처리시간이 길며 추출액 비용이 많이 소요된다. 탈리액을 유분, 슬러지, 수분으로 분리하면 환경오염을 일으키는 주요성분을 신재생에너지 원료로 활용할 수 있다. 유분의 주성분이 동식물성 유지이므로 전처리시 산촉매를 이용 수분과 유리지방산을 제거하고 염기성촉매를 이용하여 전이에스테르화 반응을 거치면 바이오디젤인 FAME과 글리세롤으로 변환하므로 글리세롤을 분리하면 바이오디젤을 얻을 수 있다. 슬러지는 입자상 물질로 착화가 잘 되고 건조하면 발열량이 높으며 중금속등에 오염되지 않아 청정연료로 활용이 가능하다. 실험실에서의 탈리액 삼상분리방법은 다음과 같다. 탈리액 30ml당 추출액으로 노말헥산을 1ml를 가한 다음 플라스크에서 $80^{\circ}C$로 가열 후 방냉한다. 가열중 노말헥산의 손실을 방지하기 위하여 증발가스를 콘덴서에서 응축하여 플라스크로 재순환한다. 탈리액을 플라스크에서 꺼내어 원심분리기 rack에 300-400g씩 병에 각각 넣고 4,000rpm으로 30분간 운전한다. 탈리액은 상부로부터 유분층, 미세입자층, 수층, 슬러지층으로 분리된다. 각 층의 계면에서 2종의 성분이 약간 섞일 수 있다. 유분을 분리한 후 유분층 잔존물과 미세입자층, 수층 상층부의 혼합물을 취하여 50g씩 병에 넣고 3,500rpm으로 10분간 운전한 후 유분을 분리한다. 마지막으로 미세입자층만을 3,500rpm으로 10분간 원심분리한 후 유분을 따로 분리한다. 얻어진 유분은 rotary evaporator에서 $120^{\circ}C$로 가열하여 유분과 노말헥산을 분리하며 분리효율을 제고하기 위하여 감압하에서 운전한다. 분리된 유분의 고위발열량이 9,450[Kcal/kg]이었으며 원소분석 결과 탄소 74.7%, 수소 12.55%, 질소 0.08%, 유황분 0.0003%이었다. 분리된 유분의 양은 계절별로 시료별로 다르며 가을철에는 1.6-1.9%, 여름철은 1.0-1.3%이었다. 분리된 슬러지로부터 Hg, As, Cr, Cd, Pb 중금속 성분이 검출되지 않았으며 수분 2.8%, 휘발분 76.85%, 회분 7.52%, 고정탄소 12.83%이었고 원소분석결과 탄소 45.25%, 수소 7.46%, 질소 5.05%, 산소 34.39%, 유황분 0.33%이었으며 저위발열량은 4,480[Kcal/kg]이었다. 분리된 슬러지 양은 11-19% 이었다.

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Influence of Aftertreatment System on the Size Distribution of Diesel Exhaust Particulate Matter (후처리 장치에 의한 디젤엔진 배출가스의 미세 입자 입경분포 변화)

  • 권순박;김민철;이규원;류정호;엄명도;김종춘;정일룩
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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    • v.7 no.7
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    • pp.113-121
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    • 1999
  • Diesel particulate matter is known to be one of the major harmful emissions produced by diesel engines. Diesel particulates are subject to diesel emission regulations and have lately become the focus in the diesel emission control technology. Thus, the aftertreatment system is adopted at the diesel engine exhaust to reduce the particulate emission. Although this benefit is recognized, it is not clear how the aftertreatment system influences quantitatively the particle size distribution distribution. In this study, the particle size distributions of diesel exhaust were measured using the scanning mobility particle sizer with and without the aftertreatment system. There results showed that the diesel particulate filter and plasm system reduced the number of emitted particles by more than 90% and about 80% respectivley in the particle size range of 20nm∼600nm. On the other hand no significant effect of the diesel oxidation catalyst on the particle number concentration was detected.

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