• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.703-710
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• 2005

Data from Hanwoo steers and bull calves were analyzed to see the phenotypic and genetic relationships between carcass traits from four different covariance models. Four models fit test station and test period as fixed effect of contemporary group and sire as random effect assuming paternal half-sib relationships among animals. Each model fits one of linear covariate (s) of different slaughter end points-age at slaughter in the first order, age at slaughter in the first and second order, slaughter weight or back fat thickness at 12-13th rib of cold carcass. Age at slaughter in its second order was not significant. Age at slaughter accounted for signifi- cant amount of genetic variances and covariances of carcass traits. Heritability estimates of back fat thickness, rib eye area, carcass weight, marbling score and dressing percentage were 0.34, 0.22, 0.24, 0.42 and 0.18, respectively at constant age basis. The genetic correlation between carcass weight and the other variables were all positive and low to high in magnitude. Genetic correlations between back fat thickness and rib eye area and between marbling score and dressing percentage were low but negative. Variance and covariance structure between these traits were shifted to a great extent when these variables were regressed on slaughter weight or on back fat thickness. These two covariates counteracted to each other but they adjusted each carcass variable or their interrelationship according to differential growth of body components, bone, muscle and fat. Slaughter weight tended to decrease genetic variances and covariances of carcass weight and between component traits and back fat thickness tended to increase those of rib eye area and between rib eye area and carcass weight.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.48 no.10
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• pp.1082-1089
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• 2005

Purpose : Abdominal obesity is encountered as a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. However, the anthropometric cut-off value to estimate the cardiovascular risk, has not been suggested. This study was designed to find the relationship between the abdominal fat and various parameters of obesity to find the cardiovascular risk factors related to abdominal obesity and to establish practical methods to measure them. Methods : Twenty seven obese Korean adolescents of moderate to severe degree and 22 healthy adolescents were enrolled. The body mass index(BMI), arm circumference and skinfold thickness were measured. Furthermore, blood lipid, sugar, insulin and four different cytokines' levels were checked and the distribution of body composition was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis. The subcutaneous and intra-abdominal fat thickness by abdominal ultrasonography(US) and the total and intra-abdominal fat area by abdominal computerized tomography(CT) were measured in the obese group. Results : The most accurate method to measure abdominal fat in children is abdominal CT and the fat mass measured by bioelectrical impedance was strongly correlated with it(r=0.954). It was also correlated with arm circumference, fat thickness measured by abdominal US, BMI, aspartate aminotransferase(AST), alanine aminotransferase(ALT) and triglyceride level. Conclusion : Abdominal CT is the most accurate method to measure intra-abdominal fat, and it can be replaced by abdominal US for cost effectiveness. The screening methods that can be used at school or in outpatient basis include bioelectrical impedance, waist/hip ratio, and arm circumference. The cardiovascular risk factors include leptin, triglyceride and insulin level.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Developmental Biology Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.131-131
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• 2003

2002년도 국내에서 실시된 가축의 수정란이식 현황을 파악하기 위하여 전국의 수의ㆍ축산분야의 대학, 국ㆍ공립 축산관련 연구소, 농업기술센터, 가축인공수정소 및 동물병원 등의 168개 관련기관에 2002년 1월 1일부터 12월 31일까지 소, 돼지 및 기타 동물의 수정란 생산, 이식 및 임신진단 결과에 대하여 설문서를 통하여 조사하였으며, 설문서를 작성하여 제출한 32개기관의 자료를 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 가축의 수정란이식을 실시하고 있는 기관은 국립기관 4개소, 지방자치단체 10개소, 대학 7개소, 생산자단체 3개소, 개인시술소 148개소로 전체 172개소였다. 한우 및 젖소 185두를 과배란처리하여 회수된 난자수는 1,334개였으며, 그 중 이식가능수정란수는 871개로 두당 평균 4.7개였다. 체외수정의 생산은 OPU유래 266개, 도축난소 유래 16,650개, 복제수정란 21,852개로 38,768개의 이식가능 체외수정란을 생산하였다. 한우에서 수정란이식은 체내수정란 475두, 체외수정란 7,515두, 복제수정란 257두 등 8,247 두가 이식되었고, 젖소에는 체내수정란 68두, 체외수정란 58두, 복제수정란 435두 등 294두가 이식되었다. 이식된 수정란의 상태별로는 신선수정란이 73.9% (6,511두), 동결수정란이 26.1%(2,297두) 이식되었고, 수란우의 품종별로는 한우 수정란을 한우 수란우에 690두, 젖소 수란우에 7,557두가 이식되었고, 젖소 수정란을 젖소 수란우 81두, 한우 수란우에 480두가 이식되었다. 수정란이식 수란우의 수태율은 임신진단이 이루어진 체내수정란이식은 33.8% (160/472두), 체외수정란이식은 34 7%(1,547/4,456두), 복제수정란이식은 10.5%(70/669두)였다. 소의 수정란이식두수는 2001년도에 비해 217%(8,808/4,052두)가 증가하였다. 돼지에서 체내수정란은 공란두 30두에서 505개의 이식가능수정란을 회수하였으며, 체외수정란은 351,777개를 생산하였고, 형질전환수정란을 수란돈 20두에 1,919개를 이식하였었다. 염소에서는 7두의 공란축으로부터 47개의 이식가능 수정란을 회수하였다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.703-710
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to detect association between genetic variation and economic trait in the porcine heart type fatty acid-binding protein gene as a candidate gene for the traits related with growth and meat quality in pigs. The H-FABP is a 15-kDa protein expressed in several tissues with high demand for fat metabolism such as cardiac and skeletal muscle and lactating mammary gland. H-FABP is small intracellular protein involved in fatty acid transport from the plasma membrane to the site of $\beta$-oxidation and/or triacylglycerol or phospholipid synthesis. In this study, H-FABP PCR-RFLP was performed in F$_2$ population composed of 214 individuals from an intercross between Korean Native Boars and Landrace sows. PCR products from two primer sets within H-FABP gene were amplified in 850bp and 700bp. Digestion of PCR products with the restriction digestion enzymes HaeⅢ and HinfⅠ, revealed fragment length polymorphisms(RFLPs). The genotype frequencies from H-FABP/HaeⅢ was .29 for genotype DD, .53 for genotype Dd, and .15 for genotype dd, respectively. The genotype frequencies of HH, Hh, and hh from H-FABP/HinfⅠ was .38, .41 and .20, respectively, in the population. Relationships between their genotypes and economic traits were estimated. In H-FABP/HaeⅢ locus, there were specific genotypes(Dd and dd) associated with economic traits such as body weights at 3, 5, 12, and 30 week of age (p〈.05 to .001). The ‘d’ allele was associated with gaining of body weight. In H-FABP/HinfⅠ locus, Genotypes of HH and Hh associated with growth traits such as body weights at 5, 12, and 30 week of age (p〈.05 or p〈.001) and back fat thickness, body fat including abdominal and trimmed fat (p〈.001) and intramuscular fat(p〈.05) The ‘H’ allele was positively associated with gaining of body weight and fatness deposition. In conclusion, a significant association of the H-FABP gene from its genetic variation was found on body weight, intramuscular fat and backfat thickness.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.211-216
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• 1974

시판(市販) ${\ulcorner}$김${\lrcorner}$의 유리(遊離) 지방산(脂肪酸)을 20% DEGS (diethyleneglycol succinate) 칼람을 장치(裝置)한 가스 크로마토그라피를 사용하여 separation factor 및 oxymereuration-demercuration법(法)을 이용(利用)함으로써 23종(種)의 지방산(脂肪酸)을 확인(確認)하였으며, 가스 크로마로그람의 면적(面積)으로부터 그들을 각각 정량(定量)하였다. 진기(珍奇)한 산(酸)은 존재(存在)하지 않았으며, $C_{22}F{\times}1,\;C_{26}$, oleic acid, palmitic acid가 거의 60%를 차지했다. Oxymercuration-demercuration법(法)에 의(依)하여 분리(分離)된 불포화 지방산(脂肪酸)중에서 $C_{13}F{\times}1,\;C_{18}F{\times}1,\;C_{20}F{\times}1$는 명명(名名) 두 개(個)의 기하이성체(幾何理性體)가 존재하는 것으로 추정(推定)된다. 쇄상 포화 지방산(脂肪酸) 및 $F{\times}1$ 및 $F{\times}2 $의 쇄상 불포화 지방산(脂肪酸)은 $R_{USEVA}-A_{TANSONA}$ 및 $M_{URRAY}$등이 언급(言及)한 바와 같이 지방산(脂肪酸)의 탄소수(炭素數)에 대해서 $t_R\;(retention time)$을 semi-log plot를 하였을때 직선(直線)을 주었다.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.50-53
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• 1987

The effect of cytochrome on pork fat oxidation was studied either in the absence or in the presence of nitrite and/or ascorbate. Results showed that the back-fat oxidation measured by TBA test increased with increasing concentration of cytochrome c but the Increment decreased with increasing concentration. The addition of ascorbate alone to cytochrome c did not prevent the oxidation. The same result was obtained with the addition of nitrite alone to cytochrome c. However, the backfat oxidation was pretented by the addition of nitrite and ascorbate together With the rendered fat, the trends were more obvious than with backpat.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.209-217
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• 2013

Adiponectin (AdipoN), brain-derived nerotrophic factor (BDNF) and leptin (LeP) are mainly secreted from adipose tissue and are known to be involved in regulation of the development of obese. However, there are not many studies on the association between abdominal fat and neuropeptides such as AdipoN, BDNF and LeP. The aim of this study was undertaken to investigate the association between abdominal fat thickness, neuropeptides and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. The participants in the study were 138 male employees without CVD. This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute. Written informed consent for the participants in this study was obtained from all individuals. We obtained subcutaneous fat thickness (SFT) and visceral fat thickness (VFT) by using ultrasonography and neuropeptides levels were measured with ELISA kit according to the method suggested by kit manufacturer. The mean SFT and VFT were $1.58{\pm}0.51$ and $4.52{\pm}1.44$ cm. The mean concentrations of AdipoN, BDNF and LeP were $3.14{\pm}3.52$ ng/ml, $24.11{\pm}8.52$ pg/ml and $4.27{\pm}2.38$ ng/ml, respectively. VFT were positively correlated with total cholesterol (r=0.217, p<0.05), LDL-cholesterol (r=0.271, p<0.01), triglyceride (r=0.233, p<0.05) and insulin (r=0.338, p<0.01), but was inversely correlated with HDL-cholesterol (r=-420, p<0.01). AdipoN levels were positively correlated with HDL-cholesterol (r=0.220, p<0.05) and were inversely correlated with total cholesterol (r=-0.196, p<0.05), LDL-cholesterol (r=-0.190, p<0.05), triglyceride (r=-0.199, p<0.05), SFT (r=-0.195, p<0.05) and VFT (r=-0.412, p<0.01). However, LeP levels showed a reverse trend to AdipoN. AdipoN level was significantly higher in non-obese participants (BMI<25 kg/m), but LeP concentration was significantly higher in obese participants (BMI>25 kg/m) than in non-obese. On multiple logistic regression analysis, obese were significantly associated with AdipoN (odds ratio=0.784) and LeP (odds ratio=1.494). These results suggested that AdipoN and LeP concentrations are affected abdominal fat and that dysfunction and/or declination in the production and secretion of neuropeptides might induced ultimately obese and CVD.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2024.05a
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• pp.444-446
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• 2024

한국의 육류 소비량이 늘어감에 따라 한우의 수요 및 공급도 점차 늘어가고 있다. 한우는 육질 등급(QG)과 육량 등급(YG)으로 나누어 판별되며 근내지방도, 고기 색, 지방색, 조직감, 성숙도, 도체 중량, 배최장근 단면적, 등지방두께 등 여러 항목을 고려한다. 현재는 주로 등배근을 맨눈으로 확인하는 수동 판별 방식이 사용된다. 하지만 평가사가 정확하게 판단하기 어렵고, 작업자의 부주의로 인한 육류의 오염 등 시간과 비용의 문제점이 있다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 문제점들을 한우 등급 판별 자동화로 해결하기 위해 한우의 등심 단면 이미지를 활용하여 등배근의 근내지방도를 산출하고 한우 등급을 자동 판별하는 알고리즘을 구현하였으며 평균 정확도는 79.2%를 달성하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 1993.04b
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• pp.151-154
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• 1993

지동 및 음향분야의 발달과 더불어 가청주파수 이상의 초음파에대한 연구가 여러분야에 걸쳐 다양하게 많은 학 자들에 의해진전되어 왔다. 이중에서 실용적인 초음파 장치가 처음으로 등장한 것은 1921년경 프랑스의 랑지방 (P. Langevin)에 의해 만들어진 초음파측심기라고 전해지고 있다. 당시 사용된 진동자는 두 장의 금속원판 사이에 수정을 샌드위치 형태로 만든것으로써 랑지방형 진동자라고 한다. 최근 각종기계의 경량화, 고도화, 고성능화가 요구 되면서 고인성, 고내열성, 고경도 등의 특성을 갖는 재료를 가공함에 있어서 저동력 및 고정밀도가 요구되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 선삭가공에서 초음파발생기에서 보낸 초음파신호를 초음파 진동혼의 설계에 의한 진폭을 증가시켜 사각형 단면을 갖는 양단자유지지 굽힘진동 공구홀더의 공진조건을 초음파 진동절삭 가공시스템에 적용시키는데 목표를 두며 또한 초음파 진동절삭을 적용시켰을 때의 절삭 특성을 규명하기 위하여 선정된 절삭조건으로 선삭할 때 발생하는 절삭분 력 및 표면거칠기를 측정하고 분석하여 그 결과로부터 절삭특성을 해석코자 본 연구를 수행하였다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.145-154
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• 2004

This study was conducted to estimate genetic parameter of Duroc, Landrace and Yorkshire breeds based on the on-farm performance tested records of 57,316 pigs under the supervision of Korean Animal Improvement Association from 1992 to 1999. Genetic parameters were estimated with a multiple trait animal model by using DF - REML. The result obtained in this study was summarized as follow ; The estimated heritabilities of Duroc, Landrace and Yorkshire were 0.46${\sim}$0.65 for the average backfat thickness, 0.28${\sim}$0.31 for loin depth, 0.50～0.60 for percent lean, 0.45${\sim}$0.55 for the average daily gain, 0.38${\sim}$0.50 for age at 90kg, respectively. Phenotypic correlation of average backfat thickness with loin depth, percent lean, average daily gain and age at 90㎏ for the three breeds were -0.12${\sim}$-0.01, -0.81${\sim}$-0.76, 0.34${\sim}$0.46, and -0.41${\sim}$-0.33, respectively. Phenotypic correlation of loin depth with percent lean, average daily gain and age at 90kg were 0.12${\sim}$0.23, 0.03${\sim}$0.21, and -0.17${\sim}$-0.03, respectively. Phenotypic correlation of percent lean with average daily gain and age at 90kg were -0.37${\sim}$-0.26 and 0.26～0.35, respectively. Phenotypic correlation of average daily gain with age at 90kg was -0.97${\sim}$-0.95. The estimated genetic correlation coefficients of average backfat thickness with loin depth, percent lean, average daily gain and age at 90kg estimated for the three breeds were -0.17${\sim}$0.03, -0.79${\sim}$-0.69, 0.24${\sim}$0.45 and -0.41${\sim}$-0.19, respectively. The estimated genetic correlation coefficients of loin depth with percent lean, average daily gain and age at 90kg were 0.11～0.19, 0.23 and -0.30～-0.20, respectively. The estimated correlation coefficients of percent lean with average daily gain and age at 90kg were -0.36${\sim}$-0.13 and 0.10～0.34, respectively. The estimated genetic correlation coefficients of average daily gain with age at 90㎏ was -0.96${\sim}$-0.95.