• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.212-217
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• 2006

Effects of feeding high quality roughage (timothy hay) in growing period on growth performance and carcass characteristics during 24 month (5 month from 28 month to) in twenty of Hanwoo steers were investigated. The hanwoo steers were randomly allotted to 2 treatments (10 heads/treatment) ; rice straw group (control) and timothy hay group (treatment). The final body weights of rice straw group and timothy hay group on 28 month were 667.70 kg and 681.75kg, respectively. The daily gain of total period was slightly higher in timothy hay group (0.83kg ) than in rice straw group (0.81 kg). The daily roughage intake in the growing period was tended to be higher in timothy hay group (4.27kg ) than rice straw group (3.80 kg). The carcass grades (yield grade and quality grade) and Longissimus dorsi area were significantly higher in timothy hay group ($85.62 cm^2$, 2.02 and 2.20 point) than in rice straw group ($81.29 cm^2$, 2.00 and 1.60 point respectively) (p<0.05), and were affected by the feeding with high quality roughage in the growing period.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.55 no.5
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• pp.381-388
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• 2013

This study examined the effects of sex in different group sizes of Hanwoo calves. The growth performance including the mean daily gain, feed conversion rate, behavioral characteristics, and blood parameters in Hanwoo calves were investigated. A total of 54 heads of Hanwoo calves were housed separately at 4 heads per group, 3 heads per group, and 2 heads per group per pen. In the heifer calves, except for those 10 months of age, the growth performance was improved by increasing the group size, which was similar to steer calves (p<0.05). The heifer calves housed in 3 heads group spent more time lying down (p<0.05). The steer calves spent more time standing in the 3 heads group, lying down (2 heads group), and walking (4 heads group). The heifer calves housed in 2 heads group had a lower frequency of drinking, self-grooming, pairwise grooming, and fighting (p<0.05). On the other hand, the steer calves in the 4 heads group had a higher frequency of drinking, rubbing, and fighting (p<0.05). The white blood cell and cortisol were highest in the heifer calves in the 2 heads group (p<0.05).

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.53 no.5
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• pp.451-459
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• 2011

The current study was conducted to determine the effects of herbal supplement on growth performances and diarrhea in Hanwoo calves. Total 24 Hanwoo calves (3 treatments: 8 calves per treatment) were randomly assigned to either Control (no treatment), Treatment 1 (0.3% herb supplement), or Treatment 2 (0.5% herb supplement) diets for 150 days. Total body weight gain and total feed intake per head in Treatment 1 was 142.8 kg and 545.9 kg, respectively, and it was higher (p<0.05) compared to other groups. The blood total cholesterol range was 86.43~97.00 mg/dl, triglycerides 13.26~13.86 mg/dl, GOT 76.97~79.60 mg/dl, GPT 19.54~20.97 mg/dl, WBC 8.75~9.95 k/${\mu}{\ell}$, RBC 10.14~11.91 M/${\mu}{\ell}$, and hemoglobin 10.74~11.20 g/$d{\ell}$, respectively, with no significant (p>0.05) differences among treatments. The blood immunoglobulin G levels were 5.74~6.05 mg/ml which tended to decrease as experimental period extended. Total number of pathogens in feces showed peaks at 1~2 months after the initiation of experiment, and tended to decrease thereafter. Total number of Eimeria spp., E. coli and BVDV in feces showed no significant differences but control group showed higher counts than both treatment groups. During overall period, the incidence of pathogenic diarrhea in calves of 2 treatment groups was much lower than control group calves (C: 24, vs T1: 9, T2: 13 heads), however, it was not significant (p>0.05). In conclusion, supplementation of herbs in Hanwoo calf diets might be beneficial to improve growth performances and prevent diarrhea.

• Geotechnical Engineering
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.181-190
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• 1998

One-Dimensional Nonlinear Consolidation Model(NCM) ivas developed by using an Extended Power Function Model, which could represent the compressibility of soils. A nonlinear finite element program for NCM was developed to analyze the porewater pressure dissipation and the settlement of saturated soils. Parameters used in compressibility model could be easily obtained from conventional oedometer test data. This model has been applied to Yansan-Mulgum area for the comparison with the results of CONSOL program and that of Terzaghi theory. A Good The rates of consolidation predicted by this model and CONSOL were faster than that of conventional Tergaghi theory, for they consider the nonlinear characteristics of soils. Consolidation curves of this model were located between Terzaghi and CONSOL curves. Consolidation curves near drainage boundary, where effective stress valied rapidly, seemed to reflect the variations of compressibility of sails. Consolidation curves near drainage boundary obtained from this model were composed of two parabolic curves. Intersection of the parabolic curves occurred when effective stress reached the value of preconsolidation stress. Moreover, thin model could be used to represent the effect of magnitude of applied load. whereas CONSOL and Terazghi theory could not.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.15-20
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• 2009

For the effective management of forest fire, understanding of regional forest fire patterns is needed. In this paper, forest fire ignition and spread characteristics were analyzed based on forest fire statistics. Fire occurrences, burned area, rate of spread, and burned area per fire between 1991 and 2007 were parameterized for the cluster analysis, which results were displayed using GIS to detect spatial patterns of forest fire. Administrative districts such as cities and counties were classified into 5 clusters by fire susceptibility. Metropolitan areas had fire characteristics that were infrequent, slow rate of spread, and small burned area. However, 4 cities and counties showing fast rate of spread, and large burned area, in the eastern regions of Taeback Mountain range, were the most susceptible areas to forest fire. The next vulnerable cities and counties were located in the West and South Coast area.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.836-844
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• 2010

This study was carried out to investigate plant characteristics and nutritional components of the genetically modified (GM) Chinese cabbage and its control line grown in the central and northern parts of Korea in order to establish the evaluating protocol and standard assessment. The GM and non-GM Chinese cabbage was planted with normal and concentrated density at two locations in spring and fall of 2008 and 2009. From the statistic analysis on plant characteristics and nutritional components, there were not many significant differences between GM and non-GM Chinese cabbage. Only few differences in the plant characteristics were found between the dense and normal planting. In the dense planting, there was no significant difference between GM and non-GM Chinese cabbages except for three out of 18 plant traits, such as leaf shape, hairiness and midrib length. On the other hand, nine plant traits including leaf length, leaf width, leaf color, leaf shape, fresh weigh of ground part, number of leaf, midrib length, midrib width and root diameter were slightly different between GM and non-GM Chinese cabbage in the normal planting. In case of leaf length, midrib length, midrib width and fresh weigh of ground part, there were significantly differences not only between two lines, but also between two locations. From nutritional component analysis, only five fatty acids were identified in the Chinese cabbage: palmitic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid. Except linoleic acid, four fatty acids in one gram of dried sample from GM line were little higher than those from non-GM line. However, there were no significant differences in total contents of fatty acids not only between GM and non-GM Chinese cabbage line, but also between northern and central cultivating areas in the normal and dense planting. According to the composition of inorganic elements identified in the samples from both lines, there were six macro-elements, such as N, P, Ca, K, Mg and Na, and four micro-elements, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn. Based on the result from PCA analysis, specific clusters were not found between GM Chinese cabbage and the control line, but found between two regions.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.4 no.6
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• pp.547-553
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• 1999

A new multi-step voltage source inverter is proposed in this paper. The proposed scheme is composed of t the double-connected 12-step inverter with an auxiliary circuit. The auxiliary circuit includes two voltage d dividing capacitors, two switching devices and a low KV A autotransformer. The resultant system is shown to b be a 24-step inverter suitable for medium power level SVC applications in which the PWM method can not be e employed. A 36-step operation can also be 이)tained by the addition of a bidirectional switch to the ProlXlsed I inverter. The design parameters are derived from the analysis of voltages and currents by means of switching f functions. The validity of the proposed scheme is confirmed by the simulated and experimental results.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.4D
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• pp.469-476
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• 2008

Recently, TOD gains popularity as a traffic solution measure of high density urban regeneration projects. The purpose of this study is to investigate traffic impacts of high density TOD projects, and to identify the issues to be resolved. For a case study, it chooses Gangnamgucheong station in Gangnam area served by two subway lines, and designates 400m radius from the station as a site for high-density development. The MOEs chosen for this study is traffic volume, time, distance, speed, and mode share. The SECOM model is adopted for traffic simulation. The analysis results show that high-density TOD is an effective tool for traffic improvement even with only one station area being implemented. It is found that the traffic volume increases near the station in nature where high-density development occurs, but it declines overall in the rest of Gangam area. The total travel time and distance of passenger vehicles decline, meaning that the traffic condition becomes better than before. With regulation on parking supply, the improvement becomes more vivid. In terms of the changes of traffic speed, both alternatives show 4.1% increase in speed, but the difference between alternatives is not quite noticeable because of the induced vehicle demand driven to the streets with improved traffic condition. The mode share changes occur for the benefit of subway ridership, because the study station is equipped with two subway line services. When mixed with parking supply restriction, the impact becomes clearer.

• Annual Conference of KIPS
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.547-550
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• 2003

본 논문은 카메라로 획득한 배의 표면과 꼭지 영상을 입력으로 하여 RBF 신경망 기반 분류기를 사용하여 양호한 배인지 아닌지를 판별하는 판별기의 설계에 대해 설명한다. 먼저 입력 영상에서 배경을 분리시킨 후 배만을 포함하는 영상을 얻고 이 영상에서 윤곽선과 같은 여러 가지 특징들을 추출한 후 미리 대량의 표면 영상과 꼭지 영상으로 훈련시킨 두 개의 RBF 신경망 기반 분류기를 사용하여 배의 상태를 판별한다. 구현되는 세부 모듈을 과일 종류에 맞게 수정한다면 제안되는 방법을 사과, 참외와 같은 다른 과일에도 적용할 수 있을 것이다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Fiber Society Conference
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• 1998.04a
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• pp.274-279
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• 1998

주관적인 질감을 표현하는 형용사는 매끄럽기-껄끄럽기, 편편하기-우둘두둘하기, 부드럽기-뻣뻣하기, 폭신하기-딱딱하기로 4개의 상반된 쌍으로 정리 분류할 수 있었다. 직물을 7점 척도에 의해 표현되는 질감을 조사하고, 동일직물의 마찰계수, 표면 거칠기, 마찰력, 밀도, 중량, 두께 등의 역학적, 물리적 값을 객관적으로 측정한 후 상호 상관관계를 구하고 Fuzzy 이론을 이용하여 객관적 등급을 예측하는 모델을 확립하였다.(중략)