• 한국어정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2017.10a
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• pp.153-158
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• 2017

본 논문은 한국어 어휘 의미망인 코어넷(CoreNet)을 활용한 비지도학습 방식의 한국어 어의 중의성 해소(Word Sense Dsiambiguation)에 대한 연구이다. 어의 중의성 해소의 실질적인 응용을 위해서는 합리적인 수준으로 의미 후보를 나눌 필요성이 있다. 이를 위해 동형이의어와 코어넷의 개념체계를 활용하여 의미 후보를 나누어서 진행하였으며 이렇게 나눈 것이 실제 활용에서 의미가 있음을 실험을 통해 보였다. 접근 방식으로는 문맥 속에서 서로 영향을 미치는 어휘의 의미들을 동시에 고려하여 중의성 해소를 할 수 있도록 마코프랜덤필드와 의존구조 분석을 바탕으로 한 지식 기반 모델을 사용하였다. 이 과정에서도 코어넷의 개념체계를 활용하였다. 이 방식을 통해 임의의 모든 어휘에 대해 중의성 해소를 하도록 직접 구축한 데이터 셋에 대하여 80.9%의 정확도를 보였다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.48 no.8
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• pp.877-880
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• 2005

Purpose : Glycogen storage disease type Ia(GSD Ia) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by the deficiency of glucose-6-phosphatase(G6Pase). The aim of the study was to investigate the spectrum of G6Pase gene mutations and relationship between genotype and clinical findings in Korean patients with GSD Ia. Methods : Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral leukocytes of 20 patients with GSD Ia. The five exons of G6Pase gene were amplified and PCR products were directly sequenced. The frequency of short stature, hypoglycemia, hypercholesterolemia, hyperuricemia, hypercalciuria, nephrocalcinosis and hepatic adenoma was compared between 727G>T homozygotes and 727G>T compound heterozygotes. Results : A total of 5 different mutations were identified. The most common mutation was the 727G>T with an allele frequency of 80%. All patients were either homozygous(12/20) or heterozygous(8/20) for the 727G>T mutation. G122D was found in 3 patients, P178A in 1, G222R in 2, and S339R in 2. There was no difference in the frequency of short stature, hypoglycemia, hypercholesterolemia, hyperuricemia, nephrocalcinosis, and hepatic adenoma between 727G>T homozygotes and heterozygotes. Conclusion : Diagnosis of GSD Ia can be based on clinical and biochemical abnormalities combined with mutation analysis instead of enzymatic diagnosis that requires liver biopsy. Homozygosity for the 727G>T does not seem to alter the disease phenotype as compared with the heterozygous state.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.1-9
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• 2021

In this paper, we propose a training algorithm of support vector machine (SVM) with a sensitive variable. Although machine learning models enable automatic decision making in the real world applications, regulations prohibit sensitive information from being used to protect privacy. In particular, the privacy protection of the legally protected attributes such as race, gender, and disability is compulsory. We present an efficient least square SVM (LSSVM) training algorithm using a fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) to protect a partial sensitive attribute. Our framework posits that data owner has both non-sensitive attributes and a sensitive attribute while machine learning service provider (MLSP) can get non-sensitive attributes and an encrypted sensitive attribute. As a result, data owner can obtain the encrypted model parameters without exposing their sensitive information to MLSP. In the inference phase, both non-sensitive attributes and a sensitive attribute are encrypted, and all computations should be conducted on encrypted domain. Through the experiments on real data, we identify that our proposed method enables to implement privacy-preserving sensitive LSSVM with FHE that has comparable performance with the original LSSVM algorithm. In addition, we demonstrate that the efficient sensitive LSSVM with FHE significantly improves the computational cost with a small degradation of performance.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.1-10
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• 2022

The Korean polysemic ending '-(eu)lgeol' can has two different meanings, 'guess' and 'regret'. These are expressed by different boundary-tone types: a rising tone for guess, a falling one for regret. Therefore the sentence-final boundary-tone type is the most salient prosodic feature. However, besides tone type, the pitch difference between the final and penultimate syllables of '-(eu)lgeol' can also affect semantic discrimination. To investigate this aspect, we conducted a perception test using two sentences that were morphologically and syntactically identical. These two sentences were spoken using different boundary-tone types by a Korean native speaker. From these two sentences, the experimental stimuli were generated by artificially raising or lowering the pitch of the boundary syllable by 1Qt while fixing the pitch of the penultimate syllable and boundary-tone type. Thirty Korean native speakers participated in three levels of perceptual test, in which they were asked to mark whether the experimental sentences they listened to were perceived as guess or regret. The results revealed that regardless of boundary-tone types, the larger the pitch difference between the final and penultimate syllable in the positive direction, the more likely it is perceived as guess, and the smaller the pitch difference in the negative direction, the more likely it is perceived as regret.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.9-17
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• 2023

Efforts are currently underway to develop a method for efficiently recovering lithium from the cathode material of waste lithium iron phosphate batteries (LFP). The successful application of lithium battery recycling can address the regional ubiquity and price volatility of lithium resources, while also mitigating the environmental impact associated with both waste battery material and lithium production processes. The isomorphic substitution leaching process was used to recover lithium from spent lithium iron phosphate batteries. Lithium was leached by the isomorphic substitution of Fe²⁺ in LFP using a relatively inexpensive ferric chloride etching solution as a leaching agent. In the study, the leaching rate of lithium was compared using the ferric chloride etching solution at various multiples of the LFP molar ratio: 0.7, 1.0, 1.3, and 1.6 times. The highest lithium leaching rate was shown at about 98% when using 1.3 times the LFP molar ratio. Subsequently, to eliminate Fe, the leachate was treated with NaOH. The Fe-free solution was then used to synthesize lithium carbonate, and the harvested powder was characterized and validated. The surface shape and crystal phase were analyzed using SEM and XRD analysis, and impurities and purity were confirmed using ICP analysis.

• Korean Journal of Legislative Studies
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.35-71
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to verify the effect of electoral competition on voters deciding on strategic split-ticket voting under the mixed-member electoral system. As result, the more competitive the constituencies are, the more voters choose to vote for the major parties. The results of logistic regression analysis including interaction terms showed that the more competitive the constituencies are, the more voters choose for candidates from the major parties. Also, the finding shows that major party supporters are less affected by electoral competition than minor party supporters in choosing a candidate in the single-seat districts. In the case of minor party supporters, the more competitive the constituencies were, the more likely they were to choose the major party candidate instead of the minor party candidate. Based on these results, it can be inferred that voters are affected by the presence or behavior of other voters in local constituencies under the first-past-the-post rule. Because of the psychology of not wanting their votes to be useless, voters cast their ballots more strategically as the competition in constituencies intensifies, and as the competition in constituencies slackens, such tendencies weaken, and this trait is particularly evident among minor party supporters.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2015.10a
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• pp.81-84
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• 2015

자연어 문서에 출현하는 단어에는 중의적 단어가 있으며, 이 단어에서 발생되는 의미 모호성은 대개 그 문맥에 따라 해소된다. 의미 모호성 해소 연구 중, 한국어 단어 공간 모델 방법은 의미 태그 부착 말뭉치를 이용하여 단어의 문맥 정보를 구축하고 이를 이용하여 모호성을 해결하는 연구로서 비교적 좋은 성능을 보였다. 본 연구에서는 Word2Vec를 이용하여 기존 연구인 한국어 단어 공간 모델의 단어 벡터를 효과적으로 축소할 수 있는 방법을 제안한다. 세종 형태 의미 분석 말뭉치로 실험한 결과, 제안한 방법이 기존 성능인 93.99%와 유사한 93.32%의 정확률을 보이면서도 약 7.6배의 속도 향상이 있었다.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.32 no.3C
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• pp.256-268
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• 2007

In this paper, we present a watermarking method for 3-D mesh sequences. The main idea is to transform vertex norm with the identical connectivity index along temporal axis using wavelet transform and modify the distribution of wavelet coefficients in temporally high (or middle) frequency frames according to watermark bit to be embedded. All vertices are divided into groups, namely bin, using the distribution of coefficients in low frequency frames. As the vertices with the identical connectivity index over whole frames belong to one bin, their wavelet coefficients are also assigned into the same bin. Then, the watermark is embedded into the wavelet coefficients of vertex norm. Due to the use of the distribution, our method can retrieve the hidden watermark without any information about original mesh sequences in the process of watermark detection. Through simulations, we show that the proposed is flirty robust against various attacks that are probably concerned in copyright protection of 3-D mesh sequences.

• 한국디지털정책학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.163-173
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• 2005

금융기관들은 개인들의 다양한 욕구를 충족시키기 위해서 경쟁적으로 수많은 금융상품을 개발하여 판매하기 시작하였으며, 이러한 상품들은 나름대로 독특한 특성을 지니게 되어, 개인들은 이에 대한 수많은 정보를 수집하고 분석할 필요성을 가지게 되었다. 금융상품정보의 정보원 선택 선호요인으로는 정보원 자체의 특정 이외에도 개인이 가지는 성격적 특징과 환경적 요인들을 들 수 있다. 따라서 개인의 성격유형에 따라 선호하는 정보원의 유사점과 차이점을 알아보았다. 본 연구에서는 금융상품정보를 취득하는 정보원에 대한 선호요인인 개인의 성격유형을 파악하기 위하여 MBTI(Myers Briggs Type Indicator)를 근거로 작성된 성격특성평정척도(Personality Trait Ration Scales: PTRS)를 이용하여 파악된 성격유형들이 금융상품 정보원 선택에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 성격유형변수를 4개의 군집으로 집단화하고 성격요인과 차이분석을 실시한 결과 감정 직관적인 성격이 강한 주관적 감정형, 외향 직관적인 성격이 강한 사교적활동형, 내향 사고적인 성격이 강한 수동적개인형, 인식 판단적인 성격이 강한 합리적이성형의 4개 군집으로 나누어졌다. 8개의 성격요인 중 감각을 제외한 7개 성격요인 모두가 p<. 05에서 4개의 성격유형군집과 유의적인 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 사교적활동형은 여러 정보원 중 'TV'를, 합리적이성형은 '잡지', '금융상품팜플렛', '재테크서적'을, 주관적감정형은 '은행창구직원', '친구나친지'를 선호하였다. 그러나 수동적개인형은 어떠한 금융상품정보원도 선호하지 않았다. 특히, 합리적이성형은 전문금융정보를 원하는 것으로 나타났고, 주관적감정형은 인간적인 면을 더 선호하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구가 가지는 의의는 각 성격유형별로 선호하는 금융상품정보원의 차이를 분석함으로써 개인의 정보욕구를 보다 더 만족시킬 수 있는 하나의 요인으로 성격요인과 정보원의 차이에 관한 정보를 제공하며, 금융정보를 제공하는 주체들에게 각 정보원에 적합하도록 정보의 성격에 관한 특성요인과 고객선호정보원을 살펴볼 수 있는 정보취득방안에 대한 연구의 필요성을 제시하는데 있다.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.6-11
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• 1990

Analysis of genetic structure in Kimpo natural population of Drosophila was carried out by utilizing the deleterious gene on the second chromosome of Drosophila melanogaster. Male flies tested were continuously collected for eight years; in late September 1974 and 1981-1987. The frequency of deleterious gene (lethal plus semilethal) ranged from 27.02% in 1983 to 41.48% in 1987, and the values estimated from the eight years samples are highly signihcent from each other with a homogenety test (X$^2$=52.0157, d.f.=28, P<0.005). Allelic rates ranged from 1.30% in 1981 to 5.03% in 1974. And the effective population size by using the rate of allelism was estimated average at 3, 300 pairs. Elimination rate by homozygous of lethal gene ranged from 0.0004 in 1984 to 0.0019 in 1974, and that is for smaller than mutation rate(0.005) at second chromosome. We suppose that stable frequency (about 20%) lethal genes of D. melanogaster in Kimpo natual population are maintained by invade of P-type mutator factor (P element) versus eliminated in heterozygous and homozygous condition of lethal gene.