• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.35 no.3
• /
• pp.617-624
• /
• 2015

The conflict of opposing pedestrian traffic-flow in a subway station(made up of stair, passageway, and escalator) diminishes the convenience and mobility of its users. In addition, the station's efficiency would be negatively affected by the growth of delay and queue length in pedestrian facilities. As these phenomena have been resulted by the overlapping in pedestrian's traffic-line, the separation of it would alleviate these problems. For the criteria and methodology of separation, this paper has investigated the bi-directional queue length and delay on the entrance of each facility (stair, passageway and escalator). Since the pedestrian flow exists bidirectionally, we have used the weighted average by inflow rate for the delay value. For the optimization of the separation, the Genetic Algorithm has been utilized in order to minimize the delay.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
• /
• v.33 no.2
• /
• pp.204-213
• /
• 2015

The congestion of pedestrians impedes the utilization efficiency of a subway station. Conflicts among pedestrians due to unseparated pedestrian flows not only increase the impedance of pedestrian mobility but also negatively affect on pedestrian safety. This paper analyzes the travel characteristics of bi-directional pedestrian flow based on microscopic movements, and evaluates the operation efficiency on separating the traffic line. The subway station was simulated in a 2-D grid structure by applying Discrete Element Method, and the movement is organized in each cell of the grid. As a result, the model explicates that separating the traffic line and encouraging the 'Keep right rule' would be mostly effective for the conflicting flows. Therefore, applying the 'Walking Guidance System' would be efficient to improve the pedestrian convenience and mobility.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
• /
• 2002.05a
• /
• pp.73-76
• /
• 2002

간질은 대뇌 신경세포의 순간적인 제어되지 않는 과도한 전기방출로 인하여, 발작적으로 몸의 경련이나, 기타 신경증상 등이 몸으로 표출되는 현상으로 이것이 반복되어 나타나는 현상이다. 간질 진단에 필수적으로 사용되는 뇌파에 혼합된 미지의 성분들로부터 각각의 독립적인 성분으로 분리하는 독립성분분석(ICA)을 적용하여 간질 발작파를 분리하고, 발생위치를 추정하였다. 본 연구에서는 부분발작 환자를 대상으로 간질 발작파가 나타나는 뇌파 신호(18개 채널)에 독립성분분석을 적용하여 18개의 독립성분으로 분리하였다. 또한 발작파(예파(sharp), 극파(spike), 예파와 서파를 동반한 극서파(sharp and slow complexes))가 나오는 간질 발작파의 유형을 분리하였다. 2차원 topological map을 이용하여 발작파의 발생위치를 나타내어 간질 진단에 독립성분분석이 적용될 수 있음을 나타내었다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
• /
• 2001.12a
• /
• pp.189-192
• /
• 2001

뇌 기능의 연구수단으로써 널리 사용되고 있는 뇌파(Electroencephalogram)는 측정시에 노이즈(noise)나 잡파(Artifacts)가 섞여서 측정되기 쉽다. 이러한 노이즈나 잡파들을 제거하기 위하여 미지의 혼합된 신호들을 분리하는데 적용되고 있는 통계적인 처리 방식인 독립성분분석(ICA) 알고리즘을 뇌파에 적용하여 그 결과를 알아보았다. 본 연구에서는 정상인의 안구운동(Eye Movement)상태의 뇌파 신호에 대해서 독립성분분석을 적용하여 안구운동과 관련된 잡파가 포함된 원래의 뇌파신호(Original EEG Signal)와 제거한 다음의 뇌파신호(Corrected EEG Signal)에 대하여 비선형 분석법을 사용하여 두 신호의 유의한 차이점을 밝히고, 분리된 독립 신호들의 해부학적 발생위치 및 분포를 추정하였다.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.83-94
• /
• 2017

There is a two lane ECTS(Electronic Toll Collection System) that users can pass with 80kph high speed in SeoBusan Tall Gate. This system to be combined two hi-pass lanes for removing meddle-island have been operated successfully. But, the appearance of two Lane ETCS makes toll gate more complicated, so it is very important how to arrange effectively various tolling lanes. This study was trying to evaluate lane configuration for minimizing speed and speed deviation among all kinds of lanes including two Lane ETCS in seoul toll gate. That is, we selected all scenarios to be happened actually, and evaluated them using micro traffic simulation model (VISSIM). The results of this study showed that each alternative had a very different speed and speed deviation by lane each other, so we will be able to achieve effective operation and configuration of lanes in toll gate using scenario methodology.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
• /
• v.17 no.5
• /
• pp.22-27
• /
• 1998

본 논문에서는 차량 자동 인식 시스템(AVI:Automatic Vehicle Identification)구현에 있어 목표 영역이 되는 차량 번호판과 운전자 얼굴의 특진요소를 효율적으로 추출하기 위한 방법에 대해 다루고자 한다. 이를 위해 카메라를 두 대 설치하여 한 대의 카메라로부터는 차량 번호판 영역을 추출하고 또 하나의 카메라로는 운전자의 얼굴영역을 추출한다. 목표가 되는 두 영역의 추출을 위해 환경에 불변인 경계선 추출 방법을 제안하였고, 히스토그램의 특성을 이용하여 목표영역을 추출한다. 최종적으로 차량 번호판의 경우 추출된 번호판 영역 에 다시 X, Y 라인히스토그램을 이용하여 문자영역의 분리를 행하였고, 운전자의 경우 눈, 코, 입 등에 대한 특징을 추출하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
• /
• 2001.05a
• /
• pp.179-182
• /
• 2001

인체 활동에 따라 우리 몸에는 다양한 전기적 생체신호가 발생하며 특히 뇌의 활동에 따라 발생되는 뇌파(EEG)는 비침습적 방법으로 측정될 수 있는 장점 때문에 뇌기능 연구 및 임상 등에서 널리 사용되어지고 있다. 또한 임상에서는 주로 뇌 신경계 질환환자의 병인 규명 및 기전 연구를 위하여 뇌파가 사용되어지고 있다. 최근에는 컴퓨터 발달에 따라 카오스, 비선형 이론 등의 다양한 방법으로 복잡한 시계열 신호인 뇌파를 분석하는 기법들이 개발되어 뇌파의 특징점을 찾아 임상에 활용하거나 뇌기능 연구에 적용하려는 연구가 진행되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 잡화(artifact)가 섞여 있는 뇌파신호 및 artifact가 제거된 다음 재구성된 뇌파신호(reconstructed EEG signal), 그리고 독립성분으로 분리된 각각의 신호에 대하여 특징점을 찾기 위하여 비선형 및 선형 분석을 실시하여 유의한 차이점을 밝혔다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
• /
• v.12 no.5
• /
• pp.442-450
• /
• 2002

In measuring EEG, which is widely used for studying brain function, EEG is frequently mixed with noise and artifact. In this study, the signals relevant to the artifact were distracted by applying ICA to EEG signal. First, each independent component which was assumed to be the source was separated by applying ICA to EEG which involved artifact relevant to the eye movement of a normal person. Next, the signal which was assumed to be artifact was removed from the separated 18 independent components, and the nonlinear analysis method such as correlation dimension and the Iyapunov exponent was applied to each reconstructed EEG signal and the original signal including artifact in order to find meaningful difference between the two signals and infer the anatomical localization of its source and distribution. This study shows it is possible not only to analyze the brain function visually and spatially for visually complex EEG signal, but also to observe its meaningful change through the quantitative analysis of EEG by means of the nonlinear analysis.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
• /
• v.3 no.2
• /
• pp.339-347
• /
• 1996

object-oriented programming is used to develop next-generation telecommu- nications services running on the distributed processing environment. In order to test these services efficiently at the system-level during not only in the development phase but also in the operation phase, we define an embedded monitor service within the infrastructure to monitor the operation of the distributed programs, and describe a system-level test mechanism based on the monitor service. By separating the function of monitor server which monitors operations of objects and collects monitored data and that of tester which makes analysis and decides the sequence of test events, the invasive effect of monitoring can be minimized. At the same time, accurate diagnosis on the system can be achieve by exploiting the test mechanism. The mechanism, as a core component for the implementation of real-time fault-tol-erant systems, is applicable to general-purpose distributeded systems as well.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.181-190
• /
• 2005

In the conventional outrigger system, the outriggers are located in the planes of the core walls and this system has disadvantage of obstructing flexibility in the interior layout. But thc facade riggers in the structure uc located In the exterior frames in the direction of the lateral loading. The interaction between the traced frames and facade riggers is through the floor diaphragms adjacent to the chords of the riggers. This paper presents an approximate analysis technique lot preliminary analysis of multiple facade rigger stiffened braced frames in tall buildings subjected to uniformly and triangularly distributed loads as well as a lateral point load at the top of the structure. Comparisons with the results by the program MIDAS for the structural models have shown that this analysis can give reasonably accurate results for highrise braced frames with multiple facade riggers. The method allows a simple procedure for obtaining the optimum level of the facade riggers in addition to a rapid assessment of the influence of the facade riggers on the performance of the highrise structure such as the reduction in lateral deflection at the top and the overturning moment at the base of the braced frame.