• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.51-58
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• 1975

Mutagenic action of p-phenylenediamine(PA) and nitro-p-phenylenediamine(NPA) has been investigated using auxotroph mutants of S.typhimurium LT-2 strain. PA, the major component of hair day in South and East Asia and South America, was proved as potent frams-shift mutagen only after activation system. On the contrary, NAP was directly mutagenic in this system.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.159-165
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• 1977

20 pesticides induding 11 insecticides, 5 herbicides and 4 fungicides have been tested for mutagenic activity in the Salmonella microsome system. It was found that Captan showed strong mutagenic activity directly in TA 1535, TA 100 and TA 98 strains, indicating that it induces both base substitution and frame shift mutation. With microsomal activation system, mutagenicity of Captan was slightly decreased. Micut, Dimethoate and Triforine revealed slight mutagenicity in TA100 without microsmal enzyme activtion.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.930-935
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• 2004

This study was carried out to determine the antimutagenic effect of soybean sprouts cultured in water containing germanium by Ames test and SOS chromotest. Germanium significantly inhibited the mutagenicity induced by aflatoxin B$_1$ (AFB$_1$) in Salmonella typhimurium TA100 by Ames test, and 4-nitroquinoline-N-oxide (4-NQO) in SOS chromotest. Juice from germanium treated soybean sprouts (GTS) inhibited 57∼75% mutagenicity induced by AFB$_1$, N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) and 4-NQO compared with 20∼48% inhibition rate of control soybean sprouts (germanium non-treated soybean sprouts, GNTS) in the Ames test. Also, methanol extracts from GTS inhibited 65% mutagenicity induced by AFB$_1$ in Salmonella typhimurium TA100, and 51% mutagenicity by 4-NQO in SOS chromotest. Therefore, it suggests that GTS has strong potential antimutagenic effect.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1993.04a
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• pp.162-162
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• 1993

제 3세대 platinum complex인 SKI 2053R에 의한 Salmonella typhimurium의 복귀변이빈도, CHL세포(Chinese Hamster Lung)에 대한 염색체이상 유발율 및 ddY계 마우스에서의 골수분화세포에 대한 염색체이상유발로 기인한 소핵의 빈도수를 관찰하여 SKI 2053R의 유전독성을 평가하였다. Salmonella typhimurium를 이용한 복귀돌연변이시험에서 SKI 2053R은 매우 경미한 정도의 돌연변이 유발성을 가지는 것으로 판단되며, 균주 특이적 돌연변이 유발성으로 보아 염기쌍치환형의 돌연변이를 유발하는 것으로 사료되며 포유류배양세포를 이용한 염색체이상실험에서 대사 활성 부재 및 존재하의 모든 시험 농도에서 10％ 이상의 염색체이상을 가진 세포가 관찰되었으며 염색체 상의 종류로는 염색분체형 교환 (cse)이 가장 많이 관찰되었다. 설치류를 이용한 소헥시험에서는 ddY계 마우스 골수세포의 분화과정에서 염색체이상을 유발하며, 다염성적혈구의 정염성적혈구에 대한 출현비율이 감소하는 결과로 볼때 방추체기능의 저해를 일으키는 것으로 판단된다. 그러므로 본 시험조건데 있어서 SKI 2053R은 소핵을 유발하는 물질로 결론지었다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.1139-1144
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• 2000

In vivo Drosophilla 돌연변이 검출계에서 발생 단계상의 독성효과가 없는 범위에서 소금 및 젓갈을 단독 처리했을 때 모든 시료가 자연발생 빈도가 유사하게 나타났다. MNNG의 체세포 돌연변이 유발에 미치는 영향을 살펴본 결과 생멸치, 6개월간 속성된 멸치 12개월된 멸치액젓은 항돌연변이효과를 보였고, 발효하지 않은 소금에 절인 멸치는 small muh spots 와 large mwh spots 의 출현빈도에 대해 모두 보돌연변이 효과를 보였다. 따라서 멸치 젓갈 제조시 멸치에 소금이 첨가되어 (생젓갈) 돌연변이 유발이 일어날 가능성이 있지만 숙성기간이 길어지면 (12개월, 익은 젓갈) 오히려 항돌연변이효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.97-109
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• 1989

살균제 Captan, 살충제 Diazinon, MEP, Malathion 및 EPN 의 단독 처리 그리고 Captan 반복처리와 이들 살충제와 서로 다른 조합으로의 동시적, 시간적 복합처리가 E. coli WP2S(uvrA-, trp-) 균주의 돌연변이유발 빈도 및 생잔율에 미치는 영향을 검토하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. Captan, Diazinon, MEP, Malathion, EPN 및 UV 의 동시적 복합처리는 이들 농약의 단독 처리에서 보다 E. coli WP2S (uvrA-, trp-)균주의 돌연변이유발빈도가 높았고 이들 농약의 단독처리효과를 합한 가산적 영향으로 나타났으며, 동일조건하에서 이들 농약의 처리농도를 배로 늘렸을 때는 배가효과를 보였으나 이 균주의 증가된 돌연변이 유발빈도는 cinnamaldehyde 30ng 및 60ng/ml 그리고 tannic acid 50ng/ml 배지로 각각 첨가했을 때 감소되었고 생잔율은 증가되었다.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.466-470
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• 1990

Aflatoxin $B_1$ ($AFB_1$) was reacted with ascorbic acid (AA) alone, with AA plue cysteine and with AA plus cupric ion for 5 days (at $37^{\circ}C$ and pH 5), and the mutagenicity of the reaction products was tested with Salmonella typhimurium TA 100. About 10% of AFBl induced mutagenesis was reduced when $AFB_1$ reacted with AA. This decreasing effect was more severe when $AFB_1$ reacted with AA plus cysteine. The mutagenicity of $AFB_1$ when reacted with AA plus cupric ion was almost completely inhibited, however, eupric ion itself was shown to enhance the mutagenicity of $AFB_1$. Therefore, $AFB_1$ may be degraded in the presence of AA under the given reaction condition and the reaction products was observed to have nonmutagenic effects on the bacterial mutagenecity trials.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.375-378
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• 1989

The effect of lipid content and saline seasoning on the mutagenicity during the charcoal-broiling Process of beef, Pork and fish samples was examined by Ames test using Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100 strains. Chloroform; methanol(1:1) extract of broiled samples showed a higher sensitive response toward TA98 strain than TA100 strain, indicating a frameshift mutation. The three samples of low lipid content demonstrated a slightly higher mutagenic activity, and the beef and pork samples treated with 20% saline solution showed a remarkable reduction in mutagenicity than the untreated samples.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.558-562
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• 1988

The ethanol-and water-extracts of curled tops and stalks of young bracken (Pteridium aquilinum) fronds in raw and cooked states were examined for their mutagenicity by Ames test using Salmonella typhymurium mutants. Even a small amount of water extract from raw bracken was mutagenic to TA 1538 strain without addition of $S_9$ mix whereas a strong toxicity appeared at higher levels of the extractive. With $S_9$ mix, the water-extract from raw bracken was not mutagenic at all and not toxic to all strains tested, The amount of water-extract from cooked bracken was one-tenth of the amount from raw bracken and the water-extract showed no mutagenic effect to all strains tested. Ethanol-extract of bracken showed no mutagenicity in any case.

• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.85-92
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• 1990

The effects of aphidicolin (APC), 2`,3`-dideoxythymidine 5`-triphosphate (ddTTP), and novobiocin (NOV) on the frequencies of chromosome aberrations induced by ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) or bleomycin (BLM) were examined in synchronized Chinese hamster ovary (CHO)-K$_1$ cells. The cells were synchronized by the thymidine double block method. APC, ddTTP and NOV alone did not affect the frequencies of chromosome aberrations. The cells in late G$_1$ and early S phases were sensitive to the induction of chromosome aberrations by EMS, wherase cells in G$_2$ phase were most sensitive to chromosme aberration by BLM.