• Title/Summary/Keyword: 도요새

Search Result 5, Processing Time 0.019 seconds

Environmental factors affecting roost use of shorebirds in the southern Kanghwa Island, Republic of Korea (강화도 남단에 도래하는 도요새들의 해안 내륙 휴식지 이용과 이들의 이용에 영향을 미치는 환경요인들)

  • Kim, Kwan Mok;Moon, Young Min;Yoo, Jeong Chil
    • Journal of Wetlands Research
    • /
    • v.15 no.2
    • /
    • pp.251-264
    • /
    • 2013
  • There are some factors affecting the shorebirds in selecting a coastal inland roost site where they have to stay during the high tide when the entire intertidal zone is covered with water. We investigated eight species (Eastern Curlews Numenius madagascariensis, Green Shanks Tringa nebularia, Bar-tailed Godwits Limosa lapponica, Grey Plovers Pluvialis squatarola, Dunlins Calidris alpine, Whimbrels Numenius phaeopus, Eurasian Curlews Numenius arquata and Terek Sandpipers Xenus cinereus) to identify the spatial and temporal variability in coastal inland roost use in the area and the factors influencing the use. We considered the area and length of the standing water in the roost site, temperature, wind speed, the time of migration and the intensity of disturbance. As a result, number of individuals and type of species using the roost site varied across spatial and temporal scales. And the factors affecting the roost use was species-specific. The roost site of the study area was a closed shrimp farm however, it has been converted to a Salicornia herbacea, a salt marsh plant, farm recently. In a situation where coastal inland roost site is needed, we hereby describe a resolution for the juxtaposition of shorebirds and farming.

North Korea's Nuclear Strategy and SLBM Development (북한 SLBM 개발과 핵전략 : 해군력 건설 방향과 한미 해군협력)

  • Oh, Soon-Kun
    • Strategy21
    • /
    • s.41
    • /
    • pp.333-370
    • /
    • 2017
  • 북한의 SLBM 위협이 대한민국 안보에 미치는 영향에 대해 그동안 많은 논의가 있어 왔지만, 북의 잠수함에서 발사하는 탄도미사일이 보유한 진정한 위협에 대한 인식은 아직도 부족한 듯하다. 그 이유는 대부분의 논의가 북 SLBM 기술의 성숙도와 완성시기 등 기술적 수준에 관심이 치우쳐져 있기 때문이다. 핵전략과 억제전략의 관점에서 본다면 북한의 SLBM 개발은 한미동맹의 제1격에 대한 완벽한 제2격 능력 보유에 그 핵심이 있다. 즉 향후 개발될 북한의 SLBM은 평양 김정은 정권의 생존을 보장할 직접적이고 핵심적인 전력이 될 것이다. 이는 궁극적으로 한미 군사동맹과 북한의 현 군사력 균형을 깨뜨리고 앞으로 북의 군사도발 가능성을 더욱 높이는 결과를 가지고 올 것이다. 북의 핵전략은 현재 확증보복(assured retaliation) 단계로 발전하고 있으며, 결국에는 전쟁에 사용될 전술적 핵무기 능력(war-fighting capability)을 갖게 될 것이다. 이에 대한민국 해군은 우리의 강점을 활용하여 적의 약점을 공략할 수 있는 상쇄전략(offset strategy)을 개발하여야 한다. 북한의 현 제한된 잠수함 기술력과 대잠작전 능력을 고려할 때 한국해군은 수중영역에서의 공세적 대잠전(offensive ASW) 개념을 보다 발전시켜야만 할 것이다. 이는 미 해군이 냉전기간 중 소련해군 핵추진전략잠수함(SSBN) 대응을 위해 발전시킨 전략대잠전(strategic ASW) 개념에서 교훈을 얻을 수 있다. 미 해군은 소련 해군의 SSBN 을 억제하기 위해 공세적인 전략대잠전을 수행했고 그 결과 소련해군은 자국의 연안에서 벗어나지 못하는 요새전략(bastion strategy)를 추구할 수밖에 없었다. 당시 미 해군의 전략대잠전은 공격잠수함(SSN), 대잠초계기, 수중 탐지체계(SOSUS), 공격기뢰 등의 전력으로 구성되었다. 따라서 북한 SLBM 에 대한 한국해군의 전략개념은 북의 핵전략(제 2 격능력)을 억제하는 방향으로 정립되어야 하며, 이를 위한 해군력 건설은 대잠전 능력 강화에 초점을 맞추어야 한다. 우리 해군은 장기적으로 핵추진잠수함을 비롯하여 성능이 향상된 대잠초계기, 한반도 해역을 중심으로 한 미 해군의 SOSUS 와 유사한 수중탐지장비 그리고 장시간 수중작전이 가능한 무인잠수정(UUV)을 도입해야만 한다. 단기적으로는 현재 추진되고 있는KAMD 체계에 SM-3 를 보유한 이지스함을 포함시켜, 북 SLBM 에 대한 요격능력을 강화해야 할 것이다. 한미동맹은 북 핵전략의 핵심전력인 SLBM 개발에 대한 위협인식을 공유해야만 하다. 작전적 수준에서는 양국 해군 간 대잠전 및 대유도탄전 작전운용성 증대에 우선순위를 두고, 기존의 한미 간 연합작전능력 강화뿐 아니라 위기시를 대비하여 미일 간 구축되어 있는 대잠전 및 대유도탄전 능력도 활용할 필요가 있을 것이다.

A Comparative Study on the Ways of Enjoying Xīsāishān Mountain, Scenic Site and Euisang(意象: Images) of it Shown on a Number of the Historic Korean and Chinese Literatures (한중 역대 문집에 나타난 명승(名勝) 서새산(西塞山) 향유방식과 의상(意象) 비교 고찰)

  • Park, So-Hyun
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
    • /
    • v.40 no.2
    • /
    • pp.24-33
    • /
    • 2022
  • The travel notes and nature poems found in historic literary men's works can be considered historical records related to scenic sites. Such travel notes and nature poems are based on the writers' personal characters, experiences, learning and etc. Such works clearly show the characters of each literature, information of the related objects and the writers' thoughts of the objects. This study, thus, looked into Euisang on Xīsāishān Mountain that could be the origin of Eobusa(漁父詞) loved and sung by Korean historic literary men, and found that the Korean and Chinese literary men's thoughts were shown through their ways to enjoy Xīsāishān Mountain and their Euisang on the mountain, which was different between the Korean and Chinese literary men depending on the geographical locations described in their poems. In detail, the study results are: 1. Such difference of the ways to enjoy Xīsāishān Mountain, the scenic site described in historic Korean and Chinese literary men's work is broadly classified into the ways to enjoy the scenic site by seeing it in person and the ways to enjoy it under the mental structure of speculation. 2. Xīsāishān Mountain in Wuxing is the background of Yújiāzi(漁家子) of the painting Zhāngzhìhé, is boasting its distinguished beautiful nature, and is the place where the Confucian Study of Hú(湖學) was originated. It is also the place known of its warmhearted climate. Therefore, Euisang on Xīsāishān Mountain under such beautiful and warmhearted circumstance are realized as the complete freedom and seclusion in Taoism and the satisfaction with the given environment and position in Confucianism. 3. Xīsāishān Mountain in Wǔchāng is a military strategic point with rugged mountain terrain and scenery that has been a historic ferocious battlefield and related with the loyal civil servant Qū Yuán. The Euisang on Xīsāishān Mountain in Wǔchāng, therefore, represents the nature scenery of a rugged fortress and patriotism of Confucianism. 4. The Korean literary men's way to enjoy Xīsāishān Mountain is Shinyu(神遊: spiritual travel), so that their Euisang is formed according to the direction of the writer's values. Especially it is noted that Korean Euisang on Xīsāishān Mountain is originally based on the painting Zhāngzhìhé that shows the complete free mood of Taoism; and the Euisang on Xīsāishān Mountain that came from the mindful image by the poet monk Qíjǐ of Tang dynasty and Kim Si-seup appears with such Buddhist ways to seek the truth as SakGongIlYeo(色空一如: Being full is essentially as same as being vacant) and GyeonSeongSeongBul(見性成佛: Everybody can become Buddha by enlightenment).

Characristics and Management Plans of Myeongwoldae and Myeongwol Village Groves Located in, Jeju (제주 팽림월대(彭林月臺)의 경관특성 및 관리방안)

  • Rho, Jae-Hyun;Oh, Hyun-Kyung;Chol, Yung-Hyun;Kahng, Byung-Seon;Kim, Young-Suk
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
    • /
    • v.32 no.2
    • /
    • pp.68-81
    • /
    • 2014
  • This study was conducted to identify the spacialty, to illuminate the existence and values of Myeongwoldae(明月臺) and Forest Myeongwol, and to suggest the sustainable usage, preservation and management plans with the purpose of ecological and cultural landscaping characteristic and value identification. The result of the study is as follows. Castle Myeongwol and Port Myeongwol shows the status of Hallim-eup Myeongwol District which is the administrative center of western Jeju as well as is the fortress. Building Wolgyejeongsa and School Woohakdang, the head temple of education and culture, located in Myeongwol District represents the spaciality of Myeonwol-ri which was the center of education. Stand Myeongwol is one of the most representative Confucian cultural landscapes in Jeju Island and the field of communion with nature where scholars enjoy poetries, nature, changgi(Korean chess), and go in the Joseon Dynasty period. It was found that the current relics of Myeongwoldae was recovered through the maintenance project conducted by Youth Group Myeongwol composed with Hongjong-si(洪鍾時) as the center during the Japanese colonial era in 1931. It seems that the stonework of Myeongwoldae composed of three levels in the order of square, octagon, and circle based on the heaven-man unity theory of Confucianism and the octagon in the middle is the messenger of Cheonwonjibang(天圓地方), in other words, between the square-shaped earth and the circle-shaped sky. It is assumed that both Grand Bridge Myeongwol and Bridge Myeongwol were constructed as arched bridges in early days. Bridge Myeongwol is the only arched bridge remaining in Jeju Island now, which has the modern cultural heritage value. In Forest Myeongwol, 97 taxa of plants were confirmed and in accordance with 'Taxonomic Group and Class Criteria of Floristic Specific Plants', eight taxa were found; Arachniodes aristata of FD IV and Ilex cornuta, Piper kadsura, Litsea japonica, Melia azedarach, Xylosma congestum, Richosanthes kirilowii var. japonica, Dichondra repens, Viburnum odoratissimum var. awabuki of FD III. Otherwise, 14 taxa of naturalized plants including Apium leptophylihum which is imported to Jeju Island only were confirmed. In Forest Myeongwol, 77 trees including 41 Celtis sinensis, 30 Aphananthe aspera, two Wylosma congestum, a Pinus densiflora, a Camellia japonica, a Melia azedarach, and an Ilex cornuta form a colony. Based on the researched data, the preservation and plans of Myeongwoldae and Forest Myeongwol is suggested as follows. Myeongwoldae, Bridge Myeongwol, and Forest Myeongwol should be managed as one integrated division. Bridge Myeongwol, an arched bridge which is hard to be found in Jeju Island is a high-standard stonework requiring long-term preservation plans. Otherwise, Grand Bridge Myeongwol that is exposed to accident risks because of deterioration and needs safety diagnosis requires measures according to the result of precise safety diagnosis. It is desirable to restore it to a two-sluice arched bridge as its initial shape and to preserve and use it as a representative local landmark with Stand Myeongwol. In addition, considering the topophsis based on the analysis result, the current name of Jeju Special Self-Governing Province Monument No. 19 'Myoengwol Hackberry Colony' should change to 'Myeongwol Hackberry-Muku Tree Colony'. In addition, the serial number system which is composed without distinction of hackberry and muku tree should be improved and the regular monitoring of big and old trees, specific plants, and naturalized species is required.