• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.31-39
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• 2014

It has been a long time since cars had become important means of transportation in human life. Since 1970s, cars have been increasing steadily because of rising individual income and changing lifestyle toward leisure and convenience. The number of cars is just 1.8 per thousand populations in 1970s, however, in 2012, it has increased to 291.15. Forecasting the demand for cars would be useful to plan, construction or management in the field of motor industry, road building and establishing facilities. Our study predicts the demand of cars through estimating the growth curve model. Especially, we include ageing variables to forecasting identifying the effect of ageing on the demand of cars. The main findings are as follows. In 2045, the number of cars is expected to reach 486.8 per thousand populations with passing a primary saturation point at early 2020s. Also, due to effect of ageing, the predicted demand of cars is about 10% lower than in case of which if ageing effect not exist.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.77-90
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• 2015

An increasing number of vehicles is causing various traffic problems such as chronic congestion of highways and air pollution. Local governments have been managing traffic by constructing systems such as Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) and Advanced Traffic Management Systems (ATMS) to relieve such problems, but construction of an infrastructure-based traffic system is insufficient in resolving chronic traffic problems. A more sophisticated system with enhanced operational management capabilities added to the existing facilities is necessary at this point. As traffic patterns of the urban traffic flow is time-specific due to the different vehicle populations throughout the time of the day, a local network-wide signal operation plan that can manage such situation-specific traffic patterns is deemed to be necessary. Therefore, this study is conducted for the purpose of establishment of a plan for contextual signal control management through signal optimization at the network level after setting the Frame Signal in accordance to the traffic patterns gathered from the short-term traffic forecast data as a means to mitigate the problems with existing standardized signal operations.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.477-482
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• 2022

The structure of the turnout track is very complex, so it is a facility that is more difficult to maintain and requires detailed management than a general track type. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect on the deformation of the turnout system of the ground section due to the excavation work adjacent to the serviced urban railways. In this study, based on finite element analysis for each stage of adjacent excavation, the track deformation for each major location of turnout system was analyzed in consideration of the layout of the turnout system installed on the ground section, and the safety and stability was confirmed by comparing it with the track irregularity regulation. As a result of the study, it was found that the major construction stage affecting the track deformation of the turnout system on the ground section was the final stage of excavation. In addition, although the vertical displacement which is a vertical irregularity occurred relatively large, it was analyzed that the horizontal deformation was dominant overall, because of the excavation site is located on the side of the turnout system. In addition, it was analyzed that the amount of displacement at each major location of the turnout system is different, and there is a possibility that there may be a twist irregularity due to the deviation of the track deformation for each location according to the distance from the excavation site. Therefore, it was analyzed that it is necessary to classify and manage the importance of the track deformation of the turnout system of actual operating line, including additional displacement due to adjacent excavation, based on the track irregularity that has occurred at each location where the major deformation characteristics occur.

• Journal of recreation and landscape
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.43-51
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• 2014

This research is based on a rural village reconstruction business that is a priority under the national support act for rural village vitalization. Allowing for an analysis of the regional and annual classification of business contents as part of the master district implementation plan, this research presents amenity resource applications for the purpose of understanding the business contents and resource status reports. To analyze the utilization of amenity resources in the rural villages' overall development business, a content analysis of the business characteristics and resources of 299 districts was conducted for a seven-year period (2005-2011). Information that included district names, enterprise types, and specifications of a particular business, were coded in Excel, through exhaustive research of the 299 districts. Using this process, a more detailed categorization of seven years of business data, periodic, and regional business contents were defined. As a result of this research, it is apparent that the overall district's facility resources are optimized for the most, and that the environmental management of resources, including animal and plant resources, as well as water resources, is continuously decreasing, as was shown in the annual amenity resource usage transition. The annual amenity resource usage transition data denotes the highest rates in Jun-Ra-Buk-Do and Kyung-Sang-Buk-Do. In summary, this analysis verified the urgent need for diverse amenity resource utilization, research on practical alternatives, and the resource optimization of environmental controls for sustainable development in rural areas.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.77-84
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• 2018

As the application of BIM (Building Information Modeling) to the civil sector has become practical, and mandatory for road projects, the standardization, development of systems, etc. for the application and operation of BIM are required. In particular, it is important to develop BIM data standards for producing, sharing and managing the lifecycle data of civil facilities because they are commonly national public facilities. The BIM data standards have been developed by utilizing or extending IFC (Industry Foundation Classes), which is an international standard, but schema extensions of river facilities has not been developed thus far. This study proposes an approach to an IFC extension for river facilities using the WBS (Work Breakdown Structure) as a fundamental study for IFC-based schema extension in the river field. For this purpose, the research was carried out as follows. First, the IFC extension development method was selected to represent the river facilities by analyzing the existing IFC structure and previous research cases for the IFC extension. Second, extended elements of the river facilities were identified through an analysis of the WBS and classified according to the high-level structure of the IFC schema. Third, the classified elements were arranged based on the IFC hierarchy and the IFC schema extension for river facilities was established. Based on the suggested extension method of IFC schema, this study developed the schema by defining the element components and parts of river facilities, such as distribution flow elements and deriving their detailed types and properties.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.31-31
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• 2011

1990년 이후 공산체계인 구소련과 동구권이 몰락하고 세계적으로 탈냉전의 변화와 우리의 민주정부 수립 후 햇빛정책 등에도 불구하고 북한은 적화통일을 포기하지 않고 작년 11월에 연평도에 포격을 가하여 민간인과, 군이 2명이 사망하는 사건이 발생 하였다. 또한 북한의 공격은 과거의 포탄공격뿐만 아니라 미사일이나 화생방과 같은 생화학물질 탑재 가능한 공격이 예상된다. 이에 대비 정부에서는 고정시설의 화생방 방호는 일단유사시에 국민의 생명과 재산을 보호하는데 필수요소로서 집단보호개념에 도입하고 있으며, 현재 각 중요 대피시설 및 지자체의 기존 대피시설을 개인방호, 탐지, 제독, 운용절차를 포함한 실태파악 및 재래식 탄을 포함한 통합적인 조치를 마련하고 있다. 작년 2010년 11월 연평도에서의 북한 포격이후 우리는 서해5도나 접경지역 주민과 그리고 근접거리의 서울시민들이 안전하게 포격으로부터 피난 할 수 있는 민방위대피소에 대한 문제점이 대두되고 대책방안을 요구하고 있다. 소방방재청 기준에 따르면 직격(直擊) 핵폭탄을 제외한 화생방, 재래식 무기 공격에 견딜 수 있는 시설은 '1등급 대피시설'인데 서울에는 한 곳도 없다. 고층건물의 지하 2층 이하나 지하철, 터널 같은 2등급 대피시설도 폭격은 견딜 수 있지만 화생방 공격에는 취약하다. 지하상가 등 건축물의 지하층, 지하차도나 보도는 그보다 더 취약한 3등급이며 단독 주택의 지하층처럼 방호 효과가 떨어지는 곳이 4등급이다. 2등급으로 분류된 대피소의 경우 분류만 되어 있을 뿐 장기간 대피시 시민들이 사용 할 수 있는 거주공간이 아닌 임시 대피로서의 역할만 하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 민방위 기본법에 따라 지하에 $3.3m^2$ 당 4명 이상이 대피할 수 있는 규모의 공간을 갖추기만 하면 대피시설로 볼 수 있는 현 문제점과 1등급에서 4등급으로 나뉘어져있는 민방위 대피소와 대피소가 있지만 피난공간으로서의 역할과 구조적으로 안전한가에 대한 국내외 실태 분석을 통하여 분석한 결과 우리는 서해5도 대피시설의 반 이상이 무용지물이고 접경지 또한 피난시에 피난장으로서의 대피소가 난방이나, 구급품과 식구 시설 등이 구비가 되어 있지 않고 대피시설로 지정한곳이 간판이나 안내시설이 없다. 외국의 경우 스위스는 연방정부의 관리책임으로 전쟁이나 핵 확산에 따른 화생방 업무 전담팀을 두고 있으며, 방독면은 개인 방호물자로서 전국민 100% 보유하고, 각가정이나 건축, 시설물의 경우 화생방 표준 대피시설 설치관련 규정 마련 시행하고 있다. 대피시설은 화생방 방호가 가능한 지휘부용 대피시설과 일반 주민대피용 시설을 구분하여 설치운영하고 있으며, 전국에 650만개를 설치하고 있다. 결론은 대피시설이 북한 공경시 피난시설로의 활용방안을 모색 등급구분에 따른 현실적용 수정과 기존 대피소 보강과 재선별이 필요하고, 신축시 설계 표준설계안 그리고 기존의 대피소에 대한 보수, 보강방법 가이드라인과 장기간 거주에 대한 설비구축 등과 국민 대홍보등을 제안하였다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.67-96
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• 1975

The serious consequences of the roadside erosion and its impact on sedimentation and deterioration of roadside landscape continue to be documented in Koreas. An analysis on the landscape conservation treatments was made through the field survey for the 8 radial roadsides around Seoul area. This was performed to identify and evaluate the present restoration measures, and to establish the practical standard measures for the landscape conservation treatments on the cut-and banking roadside slopes.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.294-294
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• 2019

The system for predicting flood of river at Flood Control Office is made up of a rainfall-runoff model and FLDWAV model. This system is mainly operating to predict the excess of the flood watch or warning level at flood forecast points. As the demand for information of the management and operation of riverside, which is being used as a waterfront area such as parks, camping sites, and bike paths, high-level forecasts of watch and warning at certain points are required as well as production of lowland flood forecast information that is used as a waterfront within the river. In this study, a technology to produce flood forecast information in lowland areas of the river used as a waterfront was developed. Based on the results of the 1D hydraulic analysis, a model for performing spatial operations based on high resolution grid was constructed. A model was constructed for Andong district, and the inundation conditions and level were analyzed through a virtual outflow scenarios of Andong and Imha Dam.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.12 no.11
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• pp.185-197
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• 2023

This study was conducted using text mining and network theory to extract useful information for application for occupancy and performance of permit tasks contained in the permit contents from the permit register, which is used only for the simple purpose of recording occupancy permit information. Based on text mining, we analyzed and compared the frequency of vocabulary occurrence and topic modeling in five regions, including Seoul, Gyeonggi, Gyeongsang, Jeolla, Chungcheong, and Gangwon, as well as normalization processes such as stopword removal and morpheme analysis. By applying four types of centrality algorithms, including stage, proximity, mediation, and eigenvector, which are widely used in network theory, we looked at keywords that are in a central position or act as an intermediary in the network. Through a comprehensive analysis of vocabulary appearance frequency, topic modeling, and network centrality, it was found that the 'installation' keyword was the most influential in all regions. This is believed to be the result of the Ministry of Environment's permit management office issuing many permits for constructing facilities or installing structures. In addition, it was found that keywords related to road facilities, flood control facilities, underground facilities, power/communication facilities, sports/park facilities, etc. were at a central position or played a role as an intermediary in topic modeling and networks. Most of the keywords appeared to have a Zipf's law statistical distribution with low frequency of occurrence and low distribution ratio.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.123-130
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• 2006

Recently, Korean government promotes BTL(Build-Transfer-Lease) for their public construction project to apply private sector's experience and finance initiatives. Many of public buildings and civil infrastructure projects were planned to be delivered by BTL and it helps to continue public projects under tight budget conditions. Since the characteristics of BTL projects, creative ideas for the project function, performance and its LCC (Life Cycle Cost) become more important than usual public work project. This paper introduces the systematic "VE job Plan" application techniques for BTL project and shows the process. This study shows the application of "VE job Plan" for BTL project to help decision making and value improvement. Also, Project cost was estimated by LCC (Life Cycle Cost) analysis. Technical "FAST diagram"was developed and used to find major functions of the project. So, it helps to improve performance of functions and make creative ideas. FAST diagram also help to find relationships between functions and cost. A case study (Daegu Art Gallery BTL Project) was conducted using proposed "VE job Plan. Study demonstrates how value management helps save money and increase functional performance. Researcher found that project can save cost and improve performance of functions significantly by using appropriate VE analysis process at appropriate time.