• 한국노년학
• /
• v.30 no.4
• /
• pp.1163-1177
• /
• 2010

This study was conducted to establish the appropriate facilities criteria of the Korean welfare devices center. We e-mail surveyed 194 welfare devices centers and analysed 13 blueprints of them. We established the following proper principles of facilities. First, consist type and area of room should depend on the type of welfare devices centers. Second, The flow of human and welfare devices should be simple. Third, the area calculated on the base of intent of center owner and the size of beds, wheelchairs, etc. Fourth, exhibit room facing with roadside may obtain advertising effect. Fifth, the storage and disinfecting room should use different entrance, and avoid the intersection of flow to prevent cross-contamination. Sixth, the access road to the exhibition and consulting room should be able to approach by the wheelchair. seventh, office room should be invisible to keep customer's privacy. Direct Cleaning-disinfecting type center on the premise that the maximum 165m², middle 150m², intermediate 140m², display at least Consultation, Cleaning-disinfecting room, storage (clean, contaminated), the office, equipped with a parking space. Entrust Cleaning-disinfecting type center on the premise that a maximum 134m², middle 119m², intermediate 109m² exhibited minimal activity room, consultation room, office, equipped with a parking space, collecting welfare when importing equipment warehouse (clean, pollution) have been proposed to equip up to.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.23-47
• /
• 2006

The purpose of this research is to study the relation between the change of driver's driving confidence level in the age categories and driving behavior. To survey the driving confidence level, we used the 'Driving Confidence Scale' questionnaire and surveyed the drive career, mileage, driving days, violation of traffic regulation (drunk driving, overspeed), traffic accident experience (assaulter, sufferer) together. The subjects of investigation were from 19-year-old to 80-year-old and 1,055 persons were participated in the research totally. To examinethe structure of driving confidence level, we executed the factor analysis. We compared the driving confidence level in the age categories (under 29-year-old, 30~39, 40~49, 50~64, over 65-year-old) and studied the relation between driving confidence level and driving behavior. Driving confidence level was composed of 4 factors such as 'insensibility to situation', 'unsafe driving', 'careless concentration' and 'self-efficacy of driving', and there was decreasing tendency for driving confidence level and overall driving behavior according to increasing age. Driving confidence level had the interrelation with age range, assaulting accident, suffered accident, driving period, drunk driving, overspeed, driving career and so on. We examined the difference of driving confidence level and driving behavior by dividing the participated drivers' groups into the traffic accident experienced group, drunk driving group and overspeed driving group, and there was a significant difference on driving confidence level and driving behavior between the group who had not experienced the violation of traffic regulation or traffic accident and another group who had experienced the violation of traffic regulation or traffic accident.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
• /
• v.9 no.spc
• /
• pp.35-55
• /
• 2003

The purpose of this study is to review the previous studies on the safety problems in Korea and to propose a psychological total safety system model. The model consisted of four agents; the government as the safety management agent, the suppliers of safety goods and services, consumer of safety goods and services, and civil movement institutions for safety. It was emphasized that the culture specific social representations of safety and accident have emerged in the course of rapid industrialization process in Korea during last 30 years. We delineated the social representations of the Korean people on safety and accident according to the model. A psychological analysis of drinking and driving behavior was performed as an application of the model. It was emphasized that safety psychologists have to develope and to apply the knowledge and the information from human engineering psychology and applied social psychology on safety and accidents.

• Smart Media Journal
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.18-26
• /
• 2024

Road surface monitoring is essential for maintaining road environment safety through managing risk factors like rutting and crack detection. Using autonomous driving-based UGVs with high-performance 2D laser sensors enables more precise measurements. However, the increased energy consumption of these sensors is limited by constrained battery capacity. In this paper, we propose a fusion sensor system for efficient surface monitoring with UGVs. The proposed system combines color information from cameras and depth information from line laser sensors to accurately detect surface displacement. Furthermore, a dynamic sampling algorithm is applied to control the scanning frequency of line laser sensors based on the detection status of monitoring targets using camera sensors, reducing unnecessary energy consumption. A power consumption model of the fusion sensor system analyzes its energy efficiency considering various crack distributions and sensor characteristics in different mission environments. Performance analysis demonstrates that setting the power consumption of the line laser sensor to twice that of the saving state when in the active state increases power consumption efficiency by 13.3% compared to fixed sampling under the condition of λ=10, µ=10.

• Smart Media Journal
• /
• v.12 no.11
• /
• pp.185-197
• /
• 2023

This study was conducted using text mining and network theory to extract useful information for application for occupancy and performance of permit tasks contained in the permit contents from the permit register, which is used only for the simple purpose of recording occupancy permit information. Based on text mining, we analyzed and compared the frequency of vocabulary occurrence and topic modeling in five regions, including Seoul, Gyeonggi, Gyeongsang, Jeolla, Chungcheong, and Gangwon, as well as normalization processes such as stopword removal and morpheme analysis. By applying four types of centrality algorithms, including stage, proximity, mediation, and eigenvector, which are widely used in network theory, we looked at keywords that are in a central position or act as an intermediary in the network. Through a comprehensive analysis of vocabulary appearance frequency, topic modeling, and network centrality, it was found that the 'installation' keyword was the most influential in all regions. This is believed to be the result of the Ministry of Environment's permit management office issuing many permits for constructing facilities or installing structures. In addition, it was found that keywords related to road facilities, flood control facilities, underground facilities, power/communication facilities, sports/park facilities, etc. were at a central position or played a role as an intermediary in topic modeling and networks. Most of the keywords appeared to have a Zipf's law statistical distribution with low frequency of occurrence and low distribution ratio.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• v.36 no.3 s.104
• /
• pp.235-241
• /
• 2003

The effect of ultraviolet (UV) radiation on the characteristics of algae-derived dissolved organic matter (DOM) was examined by comparing the biodegradability and DOM fraction distribution of algal DOM before and after UV exposure. Algal DOM from two axenic cultures of Microcystis aeruginosa and Oscillatoria agardhii were irradiated for 24 h at a UV intensity of 42 W/$m^2$. A complete degradation of algal DOM during the UV exposure did not occur, remaining at constant concentrations of dissolved organic carbon(DOC). After UV exposure, however, microbial degradations were reduced by 17% in M. aeruginosa and 53% in O. agardhii, respectively, and decomposition rates also were two times lower in UV exposed algal DOM. In addition, the chemical compositions of algal DOM altered substantially after UV radiation exposure. The proportions of hydrophilic bases (HiB; protein-like DOM) decreased considerably in both algal DOM sources after UV exposure (16.8% and 20.0% of DOM, respectively), whereas those of hydrophilic acids (HiA; carboxylic acids-like DOM) increased as much as the decrease of the HiB fraction. Capillary ion electrophoresis (CE) analysis showed that several carboxylic acids increased significantly after UV exposure, further confirming an increase in HiA fractions. The results of this study clearly indicate that algal DOM can be changed in its chemical composition as well as biodegradability without complete degradation by UV radiation.

• Korean Security Journal
• /
• no.14
• /
• pp.485-516
• /
• 2007

Jeju Special Self-Government Province adopted an autonomous police system for the first time since 60 years in Korean police. The purpose of autonomous police system is to offer a police service to be suitable in regional conditions. But Jeju autonomous police system for nearly one year after adoption is criticized to be established on the ground of political reason but not local decentralization. Actually Jeju autonomous police has not a clear cut jurisdiction and operation scope because of the jurisdiction duplication between national and autonomous police. The original task is confined on environment and sightseeing so on given to administration police for local self-government. So criminal investigation authority on general crimes is not to Jeuju autonomous police on account of special judicial police. First, it is the structural rationalization of Jeju autonomous police system. It speaks that Jeju provincial police bureau and police station have to be as national police institution, on the other hand, patrol district station and police box have to be as autonomous police institution. Of course, functional division has to be followed. National police performs managing all the assembly and demonstration by the management law on assembly and demonstration including the suppression against any large scale demonstration and disturbance, also the investigation on serious crimes just as international crimes and broaden area crimes including all the felony. Together national police performs the duty concerned to all the foreign affairs and national securities in along with the investigation on traffic accidents. On the other hand, autonomous police performs the function for citizen's life safety as crime prevention and the enforcement on the violation against police operation law, together the traffic management and the regulation on traffic violations. and the investigation on minor crime as simple violence or petty larceny including the management on local big events. Second, the budgetary of autonomous police is rationalized by the share of budgeting between Korean government and Jeju special self-government province. Third, urgent arrest authority on general crime and the rights of claims for the summary trial on minor crimes are given to autonomous police. Of course, this problem is resolved naturally in case of giving the investigation rights to autonomous police on minor crimes.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.25-47
• /
• 2012

This research is to suggest an ecological management methods by classification of biotope type and its mapping for Tricholoma matsutake. The target area was construction site of the East Hongchun - Yangyang Highway (Yangyang section) where massive production of Tricholoma matsutakes is in place. Specifically, the 700 m long range of area around the road route, Yangyang section, which is over a total area of $19,79km^2$. The flow of this research was as follows: first studied were the characteristics of the Yangyang Tricholoma matsutakes; second, reviews on previous studies on Tricholoma matsutakes; third, the formulation of standards and processes of biotope type considering Tricholoma matsutake production; and fourth, mapping of biotope considering the production area of Tricholoma matsutake. In 24.77% of the region, slope angle measured $30{\sim}40^{\circ}C$, which is suitable for Tricholoma matsutake production. Also, 17.44% of the region had southward vegetation structures, and as for the Pinus densiflora; 26.00% had average receipts; the tree ages was $38{\pm}8.34$ years; and the average density of canopy layer was $9.55{\pm}4.89/100m^2$. The soil acidity (pH) values of 5.0 to 5.6(47.96%) > 5.6 to 7.0(42.90%) > 4.0 to 5.0(9.14%) were slightly high for Tricholoma matsutake growth; but 57.10% of the area had a soil pH of 4.0-5.6. The organic horizon (A0 layer) was $3.39{\pm}2.14cm$, and the mean depths were 4-6cm(78.03%) > 0-2cm(18.10%) > 2-4cm(3.87%). Based on the results of previous studies and field researches on the presence of vegetation (the pine dominance ratio), the topographic structure (the terrain characteristics and slopes), the receipt, the soil structure (the soil acidity and the organic layers interposed between the depths), and the vegetation density, six clusters based on the identified types of biotopes are produced in this paper. Area of distribution according to the type of biotope was Tricholoma matsutake of the potential-production (II) biotope (32.86%) > Tricholoma matsutake of the inadequate-production biotope (22.17%) > Tricholoma matsutake of the adequate (II)-production biotope (17.79%) > Tricholoma matsutake of the adequate (I)-production biotope (14.86%) > Tricholoma matsutake of the potential-production (I) biotope (9.77%) > Tricholoma matsutake of the produced biotope (2.55%).

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.40 no.2
• /
• pp.225-231
• /
• 2020

Fresh water that can be used by a person of the total amount of water on the planet is increased because it is less than 0.01 % except underground water, ice and snow, etc. water management response need. In order to protect and efficiently utilize water resources, major countries are conducting water footprint studies that can quantitatively estimate the amount of water put into the operating phase of the resource harvesting phase, mainly agriculture. Korea has also recently developed a number of policies in order to cope with water shortages, and in the construction industry, as well as the need for basic research to support it has been emphasized. This study was constructed DB up to the raw material harvesting step, the transport step, the production stage in order to estimate the water consumption of resources to be put into the work process to target the drainage of the road. Water usage estimation method was utilized the method presented in the Water Footprint Manual and the environmental score card certification guide, unit water usage each drainage main method was calculated after estimating the water footprint considering the water character factor, indirect water and the direct water, the water consumption factor of material input to each process. Brown asphalt, rebar, remicon of the drainage material as a result of the water footprint calculation accounted for 97 % of the total. Drainage method is a culvert, a side channel, a culvert wing wall, reinforced concrete open channel accounted for 92.2 % of the total. Drainage total step-by-step calculated water consumption and water footprint was found in order of raw material harvesting step, transport stage, production stage. Water footprint each drainage method or total drainage material calculated in this study can be used as a base data in the agricultural and construction sectors. In order to increase the reliability of the analysis, it is believed that further overseas databases will be needed for continuous review and research.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
• /
• v.39 no.12
• /
• pp.664-671
• /
• 2017

Non-point source pollution is the emission source that unspecifically releases pollutants to water system from unspecific places such as cities, agricultural lands, mountains, and construction sites and its discharge path is not easily identified. Also, it is difficult to design and manage the reduction facilities for the emission quantity is primarily affected from weather conditions like rainfall. Since 2006, the significance of non-point source pollution reduction has been grown in Republic of Korea and this reinforces needs for the installation of reduction facilities. However, because the standards for the installation details and reduction efficiency are not clarified by law, people are preferring technologies that do not require particular maintenance and high expenses. The purpose of this study is to examine and maintain the efficiency of non-point source pollutants reduction facility which uses expended polypropylene as a media. The higher the depth of the media, the less range of variations in the reduction efficiency was observed and the final efficiency was also increased. When the media depth was 60 cm, the average reduction efficiency was 94% and 90% where linear velocities were 10 m/hr and 20 m/hr respectively. The results from 180 minutes operation in 10 m/hr and 20 m/hr of linear velocities were slightly different in head loss changes which were caused by media depth variations. The backwash experiments which were conducted in triplicate showed the reduction efficiency decreased as the time went on because of the media clogging. However, it was found that after the backwashing the reduction efficiency was increased as effective as the efficiency of the initial filtration.