• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
• /
• v.34 no.1
• /
• pp.60-65
• /
• 2015

In this paper, we used the sound of gunshots recorded by multiple microphones to increase the accuracy of the calculation of the distance between sniper and the microphone array. This method is crucial for achieving military objectives. Gunshots are comprised of the explosion of driving gas from the muzzle and the supersonic shock wave from the flying bullet. The original distance calculation method compares the time difference of arrival and angle of incidence to estimate the sniper's location. The disadvantage of this method is that when the angles of incidence coincide the margin of error increases, to solve this problem we suggest a new method using the characteristic changes of the shock wave with the increase of perpendicular distance between the microphone and the trajectory of the bullet. This theory is verified by experiments.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.26 no.3C
• /
• pp.157-170
• /
• 2006

Downhole method is considered as giving a little unreliable Vs profile when the signal to noise ratio(S/N) is low and the travel time information is erroneous although it is economical and ease of operation. Direct method has been applied for obtaining adequate result in this case. But it is difficult to determine optimum result by using direct method which is subjective and considering straight ray path. Therefore, in this paper, Mean Refracted Ray Path Method(MRM) was proposed, which is automated and considering refracted ray path. Artificial travel time data adding some travel time error was generated by forward modeling based on Snell's Law and travel time data was also obtained from numerical signal traces using FEM modelling. Using these travel time data, reliability of MRM was verified in the manner of comparing the results determined by MRM with the model. Finally, proposed method was applied to the real field data and it was considered as improved method for obtaining the optimum result in downhole seismic method.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
• /
• spring
• /
• pp.181-184
• /
• 1999

동해 울릉분지에서 1998년 8월 수중 폭발성 음원인 SUS를 이용하여 수온구조를 파악하기 위하여 해양음향 토모그래피 실험을 수행하였다. 실험은 관측해역 중앙에 수직선배열 수신기(수심 270-360m, 10개)를 설치하고 수신기를 중심으로 반경 30km와 603m에서 항공기를 이용하여 SUS charge(244m)를 36개 지점에 투하하였다. 역산결과와 비교하기 위해 AXBT를 이용하여 각 지점에 대한 수직 수온관측이 동시에 수행되었다. 도달시간 계산을 위해 폭발수심 및 시간은 실험식을 이용하였으며 이를 이용하여 음선경로별 도달시간을 관측하였다. 수직단면 수층을 여러 충으로 나누어 격자별 음선 전파거리를 계산, 표준해양에 대한 도달시간 차이를 이용한 역산 결과는 관측결과와 비교했을 떼 각각의 결과는 차이가 있었으나 전반적인 경향은 유사하게 나타났다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
• /
• 2003.10a
• /
• pp.81-81
• /
• 2003

최근 유한요소법을 이용하여 절삭가공을 해석하는 연구가 많이 발표되고 있다. 이 때 가장 문제되는 점이 피삭재에서 칩으로 분리하는 조건이다. 일반적으로 칩 분리 조건이라 일컬어지는 이 조건을 어떻게 설정할 것인가에 대해 현재까지도 많은 연구가 이루어지고 있다. 현재까지 제시된 칩 분리 판별 조건은 두 가지 유형 - 기하학적, 물리적으로 나눌 수 있다. 기하학적 칩 분리 조건은 공구 끝단과 바로 앞 요소의 거리를 기준으로 정해진 특정한 값에 도달하면 요소가 분리되는 혹은 없어지는 방법을 이용하는 것이며(Fig. 1 참조), 물리적 칩 분리 조건은 요소 내의 소성변형률 혹은 변형률 에너지 밀도함수 등의 값을 기준으로 분리시키는 방법이다. 본 연구에서는 상용 유한요소 해석 프로그램인 ANSYS를 이용하였으며 이 프로그램에서 제공하는 element birth/kill 기법을 이용하여 기하학적 판별조건에 도달하면 공구 끝단 앞의 요소가 사라지는 방법을 취하였다. Fig. 2는 절삭가공을 위한 유한요소 모델링을 나타낸다. 칩-공구 접촉 부위에 접촉요소를 사용하였으며, 피삭재의 왼쪽과 아래쪽 부위는 각각 변위구속을 하였다. 공구의 이동은 변위경계조건의 값을 변화시킴으로써 구현하였다. 절삭력을 비교함으로써 해석결과의 타당성을 검토하였으며, 피삭재 내의 응력, 변형률 분포 등을 살펴보았다.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
• /
• spring
• /
• pp.232-235
• /
• 1999

실제 해양에서 동일 수심과 거리에서 둘 이상의 음선이 교차하여 형성되는 Caustic에서는 고전적인 (classical) 음선모델(ray model)에서 나타나는 무한대의 음압이 아니라 주변지역과 비교하여 다소 높은 정도의 음압을 나타낸다. 하지만 caustic이라 할 지라도 음선들이 도달하는 도달시간차(travel time difference)와 펄스길이(pulse length)의 변화에 따라 음압상승현상의 폭이 달라지며 때로는 음압이 상승이 나타나지 않는 경우도 있다. 본 연구에서는 음선모델을 이용하여 caustic위치를 추정하고 펄스길이를 변화시키면서 신호모의를 실시하였다. 모의결과 caustic은 수렴대(convergence zone) 및 도파관(duct)등 음선이 모이는 곳에 집중되어 나타났고 펄스길이의 면화에 따라 음압이 다르게 나타났다.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.38B no.2
• /
• pp.146-153
• /
• 2013

The IR-UWB radar system radiates a pulse whose width is several hundred pico sec at Tx antenna and check the time to receive the pulse that reflected from target to measure the TOA. In this paper, we present a new algorithm which supplement the conventional ranging algorithm for more accurate estimation. We get received signal data using IR-UWB Radar module which equipped a NVA6000 UWB Transceiver and analysis the data of multi-path. Consequently, we found the property of UWB multi-path signal, which best fit a Gamma distribution. so we present a algorithm using Gamma-distribution and compared a performance with conventional ranging algorithm.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
• /
• v.36 no.2
• /
• pp.94-101
• /
• 2009

We introduce a user authentication system using distance estimation and a simple challenge response protocol based on a pre-established key. Using the time difference of arrival between an RF signal and an ultrasonic signal, an authenticator verifies if a user's authentication token is within its threshold distance, and it also verifies if the token's response to its random challenge is valid. We implement our authentication system and we analyze the success rates for authentication according to the variations in the distances and facing angles between the authenticator and the token. Our experimental results show that the token is authenticated with very high probability in reasonable settings.

• Fire Science and Engineering
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.21-25
• /
• 2003

This experimental study shows the thermal characteristics of the fire fighter's waterproof clothing exposed to the radiation heat. From the test results, the surface temperature of the fire fighter's waterproof clothing exposed to the radiation with the passage of time sharply increased as the exposed-distance became closer. Also as the radiant heat flux increased, the surface temperature is higher and the time reaching steady state is sharply shorter. As the exposed-distance become more distant, the surface temperature of the fire fighter's waterproof clothing decreased and the difference of temperature between the front side and the back side of the clothing decreased as well. Besides, the radiant heat flux increased, the safety exposed-distance increased. Therefore it is necessary that fire fighter have to work keeping a fixed safe distance from the radiant heat source.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.35 no.9C
• /
• pp.778-785
• /
• 2010

This paper proposes a high-precision ranging scheme based on channel estimation technique and multipath delay analysis in IR-UWB systems. When the IR-UWB signal is transmitted and received, the high-precision ranging is estimated with the time-of-arrival information of the signal. In the proposed scheme, the channel estimation process with the minimum mean square error technique or zero forcing technique is performed and the overlapped multipath within the pulse is analyzed with matrix pencil (MP) algorithm to achieve the ranging accuracy of centimeters. The performance of proposed scheme is evaluated with various IEEE 802.15.4a channel models and the relationship between the ranging performance and the computational complexity is analyzed in terms of the MP parameter values.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
• /
• v.30 no.2
• /
• pp.169-172
• /
• 2019

Frequency-modulated continuous wave(FMCW) radars with array antennas are widely used because of their light weight and relatively high resolution. A usual approach for the joint range and angle estimation of a target using an array FMCW radar is to create a range-angle matrix with the deramped received signal, and subsequently apply two-dimensional(2D) frequency estimation methods such as 2D fast Fourier transform on the range-angle matrix. However, such frequency estimation approaches cause bias errors since the frequencies in the range-angle matrix are not independent. Therefore, we propose a new maximum likelihood-based algorithm for joint range and angle estimation of targets using array FMCW radar, and demonstrate that the proposed algorithm achieves the Cram?r-Rao bounds, both for range as well as angle estimation.