• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.25 no.4 s.83
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• pp.354-361
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• 1997

The antifungal activities of 153 extracts from 51 species of Korean mushroom on six phytopathogenic fungi were investigated. The powder of fruit-body of each mushroom was extracted with petroleum ether, 80% ethanol and distilled water. The water extracts of four mushrooms including Amanita virosa showed antifungal activities on Alternaria alternata, Colletotrichum graminicola, Fusarium solani, Idriella bolleyie. The 80% ethanol extracts of seven mushrooms including Boletus auripes showed antibiotic activities against A. alternata, C. gramincola, Cylindrocarpon destructans, F. solani, F. oxysporum cucumerinum, and I. bolleyie. The petroleum ether extracts of six mushrooms including Amanita citrina showed antibiotic activities against A. alternata, C. destructans, and C. graminicola. The 102 extracts of 34 mushrooms including Agaricus arvensis didn't show antibiotic activities.

• Plant Disease and Agriculture
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.20-26
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• 1999

Ultraviolet light is required for the sporulation of Didymella bryoniae, a gummy stem blight fungus in cucurbits such as watermelon, melon, oriental melon, cucumber and pumpkin. In this experiment, the upper limit of wave length for the production of pycnidia of D. bryoniae was 365 nm - 375 nm. Two plastic houses were covered with either common transparent film (wave length longer than 225 nm is transmitted) or UV-absorbing film ( wave lenght shorter than 388 nm is absorbed). In both houses, seedlings inoculated with D. bryoniae were placed in the center of the house at 30 days after transplantation of watermelon (cv. Whanhoseong), and the disease incidences between the houses were compared until 80 days after transplantation. The number of disease lesions and incidence of pycnidia-producing lesions under the UV-absorbing film were reduced by 90% and 80%, respectively, compared to the common transparent film. The internode lengths of plants grown in the two houses were not significantly different, but the plants grown under the UV-absorbing film had longer vines and more leaves than plants under the common transparent film. However, fruit characters such as weight, length, width, rind thick and brix, were not different between the two houses. Occurrence of aphids was reduced in the UV-absorbing film, but those of mites or diseases (powdery mildew and sooty mold) were not different between the houses. These results suggest that disease incidence of gummy stem blight of watermelon in the greenhouse can be controlled by the use of UV-absorbing film.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.413-420
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• 2008

The phytosociological study was carried out to investigate the structural characteristics of paddy levee vegetation in South Korea. The vegetation data of total 59 releves were analyzed by the Zurich-Montpellier school's method. 6 syntaxa (3 associations and 3 communities) of paddy levee were recognized : Echinochlo-Digitaretum ciliaris ass. nov. hoc., Artemisia princeps-Erigeron annus community, Imperata cylindrica v. koenigii community, Glycine soja-Humulus scandens community, Miscantheum sinensis f. purpurascens ass. nov. hoc,, Polygonetum thunbergii Lohm. et Miyawaki 1962. Detrended correspondence analysis(DCA) showed that Artemisia princeps-Erigeron annus community and Imperata cylindrica v. koenigii community were positively correlated with soil hardness. Polygonetum thunbergii Lohm. et association and Miscantheum sinensis f. purpurascens ass. nov. hoc. was intimately correlated with high soil total nitrogen.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.295-304
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• 2017

The Ramsar protected area in Ungok wetland, which has been designated since 2011, was described by syntaxonomy and synchorology. Phytocoenon was identified and named by a traditional method of the $Z{\ddot{u}}rich$-Montpellier School and Code of Phytosociological Nomenclature. Habitat-based vegetation classification has identified into twelve syntaxa consisting of 88 taxa in seven vegetation types: Juncus effusus var. decipiens-Salix koreensis community, Caricis-Salicetum subfragilis, Galium spurium var. echinospermon-Phragmites japonica community, Phragmitetum australis, Scirpetum fluviatilis, Leersia japonica-Typha angustifolia community, Juncus diastrophanthus-Juncus effusus var. decipiens community, Leersicetum japonicae, Nymphoido indicae-Trapetum japonicae (typicum, marsiletosum quadrifoliae subass. nova hoc loco, variante Euryale ferox), Nelumbo nucifera community, Utricularia tenuicaulis community, Potamogetonetum crispi. Actual vegetation map was made by using topographical map of scale 1 : 5,000. Habitat-based management on the Ungok wetland vegetation was required, in which there are composed of two major areas such as the back-swamp vegetation and the limnetic vegetation zone.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.255-261
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• 2010

A new species, Asarum yeonbyeonense M. Kim & S. So, is named and described from Mt. Baekdu in Korea. This new species is distinctly different from the related species A. mandshuricum (Maxim.) M. Kim & S. So according to the purple band at the base of the calyx lobes and the thick calyx lobes. In addition, Asarum sieboldii var. viridiluteolum Y. Lee is closely related to A. yeonbyeonense M. Kim & S. So due to its reflexed calyx lobes; however, this variety has green calyx lobes and pubescent petioles. Therefore its scientific name was changed to Asarum yeonbyeonense var. viridiluteolum (Y. Lee) M. Kim & S. So, and its Korean name should be changed into Nokyeonbyeon-Jokdoripul.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.385-392
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• 2019

This study investigated the relationship among seven species of trichoderma through the identification of strains collected in Korea. The phylogenetic tree among the collected strains was classified into four groups. The trichoderma strains isolated in this way showed inhibitory effect on the fusarium wilt which is parasitic to cotyledon stem..The invisibility of J9, J10, J13 and J16 strains were higher in comparison with other strains in vitro test stand, and their spore production level was also higher. In the aluminum ring tests, it showed that the yield of the spores in J9, J10 and J13 were more than any other strain. As a result conducting the port test for cucumbers, the plant lengths of J13 were larger than the control plot, and the root lengths of all strains, except for J2 were longer than the control plot, and the root weights of J1, J9, J10, J13 and J16 were larger than the control plot. The disease severity for the fusarium wilt showed the smallest values at J13 and J16 in comparison with the control plot, and the control values of J13 and J16 were higher than other strains.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2021.04a
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• pp.39-39
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• 2021

지구온난화에 따른 기후변화로 과거에는 재배되지 않았던 아열대 작물의 국내재배가 확대되고 있다. 백향과(Passiflora edulis Sims)는 브라질 남부지역이 원산지인 아열대작물로 국내에서도 전국적으로 재배가 되고 있어서, 국내 재배현황과 재배농가의 관리기술 실태를 조사하여 재배 애로사항 및 발전과제를 도출코져 하였다. 백향과의 국내 재배는 2010년부터 시작되어 2017년에는 201농가 54.7ha로 정점을 이루고, 점차 감소하여 2019년에는 156농가 36.5ha에서 재배되고 있다. 재배농가가 많았던 지역은 남원, 담양, 화순, 김천, 고창 등 이었다. 백향과의 재배체계는 대부분의 농가가 비닐하우스 시설에서 겨울철 난방에 의한 다년 재배로 1년 2회 수확하고 있으며, 극히 일부농가는 1년 재배체계로 매년 묘목을 다시 심는 형태이다. 백향과의 국내 육성품종은 없으며, 외국에서 도입한 자색종 또는 교잡종을 주로 재배하고 있다. 현재 국립종자원에 '일반종', '타이농1하오', '황금' 3품종이 생산/수입 판매 신고되어 있다. 초기에 도입한 접목묘를 재배하면서 국내에서 삽목묘를 육성하여 많은 농가가 재배하고 있다. 백향과는 덩굴성이기 때문에 지주를 설치하여 재배하는데 재식거리, 수형, 가지유인 등을 농가별로 다양한 방법으로 하고 있는 실정이다. 개화기에 인공수분 작업이 필요하고, 수확은 과일이 성숙하여 저절로 낙과하면 주어서 수확한 과일은 주로 생과로 판매하는데 전화 및 인터넷 주문에 의한 직거래가 가장 많고, 일부 마트 및 로컬푸드에 판매하고 있다. 국내재배 안전성 향상을 위하여 필요시 되는 기술개발 과제는 적응 품종육성 및 무병묘 생산 보급, 고품질 백향과 생산을 위한 재배관리 기술, 시설재배 환경관리 기술, 소비 증대를 위한 가공 이용 기술 개발 등으로 전문기관에서의 연구개발이 필요하다.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.45-52
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• 2015

We obtained the following results from investigation on vegetation damage from 5 to 6 August, 2013, about one year after an accident that hydrofluoric acid leaked from a chemical maker, Hube Globe in Gumi. Pinus densiflora and Pinus strobus showed very severe damage. Ginko biloba, Quercus acutissima, Pinus rigida, Salix glandulosa, Hibiscus syriacus, and Lagerstroemia indica showed severe damage. Quercus variabilis, Lespedeza cyrtobotrya, and Miscanthus sinensis showed moderate damage. Quercus aliena, Smilax china, Arundidinella hirta, Ailanthus altissima, Robinia pseudoacacia, and Paulowinia coreana showed slight damage. We did not find any plants without leaf damage around there. This result means that fluoride damage still persists in this area as was known that fluoride remains for a long time in air, soil and water and exerts negative effects at all levels of an ecosystem. In addition, fluoride content contained in plant leaf depended on the distance from a fertilizer producing factory and vegetation damage tended to proportionate to the concentration in the Yeocheon industrial complex. In these respects, a measure for removal or detoxification of the remaining fluoride is urgently required around the hydrofluoric acid leak spot. Fertilizing of dolomite containing Ca and Mg, which can trap fluoride, was prepared as one of the restoration plans. In addition, phosphate fertilizing was added in order to enhance soil ameliorating effects. Furthermore, we recommend the introduction of tolerant plants as the second measure to mitigate fluoride damage. As the tolerant plants to make a new forest by replacing trees died due to hydrofluoric acid gas damage, we recommended Q. aliena and S. china, A. hirta, etc. were recommended as plant species to add mantle vegetation to the forest margin to ensure stable interior environment of the forest.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.723-734
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• 2010

This study aims to analyze the change in vegetation for 10 years after the construction, targeting Suwoncheon, the first domestic ecological stream construction project. As for the section for the study, the section from Gyeonggi bridge to Youngyeon bridge, the first restoration project section, was targeted. The research districts consisted of 3 districts depending on topographical structure. Investigation check cosisted of cross-sectional topographical structure, vegetation status and the structure of herbaceous plant community. As for the cross-sectional topographical structure of the stream, the width of entire stream was 26.5~28.0m and water channel is 10~20m. The area for hydrophilic space was securing spacious riverside. Upper stream of reservoir beam was shallow and slow in reservoir area above weir. Lower stream of reservoir beam, the width of water channel was narrow and ripples were formed. Among species, 9 plants were planted and 6 species plants including Salix gracilistyla, Phragmites communis and Zoysia japonica were planted at the time of construction. In the water side, there were 2 species, such as Zoysia japonica and Trifolium repens, etc, still remained after seeding at the time of constrcution. The planted plants which were observed through this investigation, were 2 species such as Festuca arundinacea and Dactylis glomerata. Apart from the planted plants, arid climate herbaceous plant such as Setaria viridis and Artemisia princeps var. orientalis formed power and the naturalized species variously emerged in 15 species. For revetment, natural stone stacking method was condicted and Salix gracilistyla, Aceriphyllum rossii, etc were planted. But all the planted plants disappeared and now it was covered with Equisetum arvense and Humulus japonicus. It was because that the base for growth and development of the plants was not constructed at the time of restoration in a way of attaching natural stones onto the concrete base. In the water channel, various wetland species including Typha orientalis, Acorus calamus var. angustatus and Phragmites communis, etc, were planted but only Salix gracilistyla, Phragmites communis and Zizania latifolia remained. As for species of the autochthons, Persicaria thunbergii was dominant. In the lower stream of reservoir beam, Humulus japonicus formed forces. In the hydrophilic space, it was necessary to direct the landscape of in-stream vegetation in cosideration of users. For this, planting Miscanthus sacchariflorus in a community was proposed. In the upper stream of reservoir beam, suplementary screen seeding was necessary so that Zizania latifolia, Typha orientalis and Phragmites communis can fit the depth of water. In the Lower stream of reservoir beam, it was necessary to constantly manage Humulus japonicus so that the wetland autochthons species, such as Phragmites communis and Persicaria thunbergii can establish power more stably.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.108 no.4
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• pp.493-512
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to provide the basic data necessary for establishing a vegetation management plan for the Yeongcheon River area by presenting a better understanding of the distribution and characteristics of naturalized plants through an investigation of the flora present in the Yeongcheon riverside, in Jinju, South Korea. Vascular plants were investigated for a total of 470 taxa, including 90 families, 282 genera, 425 species, one sub-species, 38 varieties, and six forms. Together, these accounted for 9.62% of the vascular plants (4,881 species) in Korea. Gramineae was the most abundant at 77 taxa (16.38%), followed by Cyperaceae at 56 taxa (11.91%), Leguminosae at 33 taxa (7.02%), Cyperaceae at 25 taxa (5.32%), and Rosaceae at 22 taxa (4.86%). Thirty species of indicator plants were surveyed and, among them, annual plants and hemicryptophytes accounted for a significantpercentage. Among ground plants, trees, shrubs, and sub-shrubs were surveyed to include 23 (4.89%), 17 (3.61%), and 14 taxa (2.97%), respectively. Furthermore, 36 aquatic plant taxa were found. Six rare plant taxa were surveyed including Penthorum chinense, Melothria japonica, Aristolochia contorta, Acorus calamus, Millettia japonica, and Magnolia kobus. Floristic special plants comprised 35 taxa,including 26 families, 34 genera, 34 species, and one variety. Plants endemic to Korea included six species. Naturalized plant species comprised 71 taxa, including 18 families, 53 genera, 68 species, and three varieties. The naturalization rate and urbanization index were 15.1% and 22.1%, respectively. Ecological disturbance species in Korea comprised nine taxa, including four families, eight genera, eight species, and one variety. These groups accounted for 64% of the ecological disturbance species in Korea. Ecological disturbance species in Korea tended to increase toward the downstream of Yeongcheon River. In particular, Ambrosia artemisiifolia and Sicyos angulatus, which cause human allergies and disrupt the habitats of plants and animals, must be removed artificially.