• KIEAE Journal
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.21-28
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• 2009

In apartment buildings, casualties, especially fatalities have occurred in balcony areas in fires if residents fail to escape to the main entrance. Potential consequences of a particular infrequent event should be considered. In attempting to design apartment buildings for fire safety, alternative escape methods such as vertical penetration could be considered. The purpose of this study is to investigate present building regulations regarding apartment buildings and examine pros and cons of the current escape method and alternative escape methods. Focus group interview was conducted to discuss problems of fire escape methods. In addition, questionnaires were distributed to field professionals working in architecture, construction and related industries. Among 500 questionnaires distributed, 192 questionnaires were collected. Usable 162 questionnaires were analyzed using SPSS 15. Regarding alternative fire escape methods, several concerns were mentioned. Safety, privacy, security, effectiveness of escape, water proof problems were raised. Based on the opinions, vertical penetration between apartment unit appeared more safe, secure, effective than horizontal penetration. However, both methods have its own pros and cons under specific contexts. Alternative escape methods need be considered for a selective options for residents in case of fire.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2011.11a
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• pp.541-544
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• 2011

경량전철시스템은 운전자가 없는 무인으로 운행하며 각종 설비가 자동으로 제어되도록 되어있기 때문에 일상적인 고장이나 문제는 어느 정도 안전대책이 마련되겠지만 테러 또는 고의에 의해 일어나는 사고는 대비하기가 어려운 실정이다. 정거장에서의 화재발생은 많은 보고서와 기준들이 정리되어 있으나 지하 터널이 본선 구간에서의 피난을 위한 시설의 적정성 및 피난시간에 대한 연구는 부족하다. 본 연구에서 경량전철 시스템의 운전 중에 지하터널에서 발생 가능한 사고시나리오를 고려하여 화재시뮬레이션 및 피난시뮬레이션을 실시하여 비교하고, 그 결과에 따라 대안을 도출하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Disaster Information Conference
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• 2016.11a
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• pp.283-286
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• 2016

국내에 다수의 공동주택이 건설되고 있거나 공사중에 있으며 그 수요 또한 향후 지속적으로 증가할 예정이다. 그러나 이러한 증가추세의 공동주택 중 대피공간 규정이 신설된 1992년 이전에 시공된 건축물은 현재에도 대피공간 및 피난시설이 부재한 상황이다. 또한, 현재 계획 및 시공, 준공된 준초고층의 공동주택에 설치되어 있는 대피공간 및 이에 준하는 시설은 사생활 침해 및 타 용도 공간 활용 등으로 기능이 상실되어 있다. 이에 따라 공동주택 피난 및 대피공간에 대한 실효성을 검토할 필요가 있고 타 시 도의 선진사례를 분석하여 정책적 제안을 마련할 필요가 있다. 본 연구는 공동주택 피난시설의 효율성 강화를 위해 광주광역시의 공동주택 관련 현황 및 사례 조사와 관련 법규 분석을 통해 피난시설 및 대피공간의 문제점을 검토하고 효율성이 높은 대피시설 등을 활용할 수 있는 정책적 제언 및 인센티브 제도, 가이드라인 등 정책 대안을 제시하였다.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.13-19
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• 2009

This study is related with fire risk assessment for occupant of the area adjacent to not enclosed atrium through the computer modeling and application of enhanced fire protection systems depending on the result. Fire scenario is intended to evaluate the impact of a fire from atrium base within the corridor adjacent to the atrium and to compare with egress time depending on the warning system. The major purpose of this study is to figure out fire life safety for occupant adjacent to atrium through the computer simulation and to suggest alternative option in case the occupant safety is not guaranteed.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.479-485
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• 2023

Although fire incidents occur frequently in factory buildings, the focus has primarily been on property damage rather than human casualties. In this study, we conducted an analysis of RSET(Required Safe Egress Time) variation by examining the relocation of workbenchs using evacuation simulations. The results demonstrated that a simple change in workbench placement led to different RSET and variations in the feasibility of evacuation. Specifically, arranging workbenchs in a vertical configuration reduced travel time for workers and minimized total evacuation time. The hybrid layout of "vertical-horizontal" exhibited the shortest RSET, while the "horizontal-vertical" configuration resulted in the longest RSET. These research findings are significant as they provide practical alternatives to decrease RSET in small-scale factories where additional investments beyond essential safety equipment may pose challenges due to budget constraints. However, it is important to note that this study solely focused on comparing RSET while controlling for all other factors, without considering real-life fire simulations. Therefore, further research is necessary to integrate fire simulations and conduct comprehensive assessments of evacuation safety.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.511-519
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• 2007

This study provides comprehensive design improvements covering technical issues concerning life safety matter In case of fire train stoppage in the middle of a tunnel. Recently Government announced that most of subway platforms will have screen doors in 3 years. Therefore, many fire safety engineers considered that they may contribute on life safety on train stoppage in tunnel. Especially The screen door can protect platform from smoke along tunnel ceiling when fire train stopped in tunnel. The study showed that platform ventilation ducts and the a tunnel ventilation chimney in the middle of tunnel in exiting subway tunnel could not guarantee life safety ability in terms of RSET vs. ASET comparison. Furthermore during evacuation process many peoples may be threatened from the smoke spread from the origin of fire. Although only additional vertical route can be installed in tunnels In order to decrease RSET, it will costs high or no spaces remains in outside on the road. The study suggested that increase of ASET can be best solution without additional escape route, therefore alternative design methods suggested on the base of simulation results. Finally the study shows alternative methods can give good result in terms of evacuation performance evaluation. The evacuation performance evaluation helps the decision-maker to determine the preferred alternatives or upgrades to existing tunnel infrastructure and other measure to meet safety objectives. Finally, the study details the effectiveness of measures the can be taken to reduce the risk of incidents in subway tunnels.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.507-516
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• 2024

Through the use and development of underground spaces, subways have become a representative means of transportation in the city center. Due to the extension of subway lines and the increase in the number of subway users, there is a risk that safety for evacuating human lives in case of fire will not be secured. Therefore, this study tried to identify citizens' perceptions of evacuation facilities through questionnaires and find alternatives. An online survey of 115 subway passengers was conducted to learn about citizens' awareness of subway evacuation facilities. As a result of the survey, awareness of evacuation facilities was high in the order of guidance lights, life-saving devices, emergency lights and portable lights, special evacuation stairs, and evacuation stairs. In addition, the majority of the respondents said they were not well aware of evacuation facilities, and people's indifference was the most common cause. As a solution to the lack of awareness, responses to active advertising and promotion, education and experience activities were the highest.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.145-153
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• 2009

We are generally applicate smoke control only vestibule about special escape staircase, it is one of some smoke control model of NFSC 501A. But there are some point at issue in this system. The smoke control system on supervision field of writer is smoke control only vestibule same as the other resemble field. Writer studied in the concrete to find a solution at this issue, and derived a conclusion the most reasonable system on the field is "same time smoke control for staircase and vestibule" by the engineering analysis considering stack effect.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.87-92
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• 2016

Amid the growing number of high-rise complex buildings in Korea, efficient smoke prevention technology in a fire is required and as an alternative of a mechanical smoke control system in high-rise buildings, the use of a smoke control system using sandwich pressurization has been on the rise. In such a system, the appropriate pressure difference and the data for designing the air supply and exhaust flow rate are necessary to prevent the spread of smoke and offer a tenable evacuation environment. As part of such effort, this paper presents a field test process and result after testing a building where such a smoke control system using sandwich pressurization has been installed. A ventilation rate of 6 cycles per hour were applied to simulate the air exhaust flow rate on a fire floor and the air supply flow rate on the floors above and below the fire floor. As a result of the system operation, pressure difference of approximately 260 Pa between the 12th floor of a fire and the 13th floor was generated. The over pressure of the experiment has a serious effect on the evacuation or fire compartment so that it is necessary to examine the improvement.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.20 no.2 s.62
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• pp.21-30
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• 2006

Since Daegu subway arson fire disaster in 2003, there have been several copycat crimes such as at Seoul Metro line number seven and Hongkong Chuiwan line cases. Oil and gas were used for fire propagation in most cases as in Daegu case and such fire could be expanded to a whole subway cabin within several minutes. The fire may eventually cause the whole subway system stop. Fire damage can be minimized when fire occurrence and diffusion are blocked by stages or isolated rapidly. This study suggests an effective early response system that separates passengers from fire and a real-time fire extinguishment program by stages. Based on the subway arson case studies, the early response scenario has been structured by three stages, i.e., confirmation of fire and damage, early fire extinguishment, and information dissemination and passengers evacuation.