• Bulletin of Food Technology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.3-13
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• 2005

인삼의 효능 및 유효성분에 관한 수많은 문헌 및 연구사례가 보고 되어 있음에도 불구하고 인삼의 주성분인 ginsenosides의 합성경로나 그와 관련된 유전인자에 대하여서는 거의 밝혀져 있지 않다. 인삼의 생리적 특성규명 및 ginsenosides의 생합성 경로를 밝히기 위한 한 방법으로써 프로테옴 분석이 시도되었다. 본지에서는 고려인삼 (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer)을 대상으로 이루어진 최근의 프로테옴 분석 및 이차 대사산물의 생산과 연관된 유전인자를 찾기 위하여 이루어진 인삼의 기능유전체 분석을 소개하고자 한다.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.387-392
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• 1998

Brevibacterium lactofermentum, a gram-positive bacteria, has both the diaminopimelate (DAP) pathway and meso-DAP-dehydrogenase (DDH) pathway for L-lysine biosynthesis. To investigate importance of DDH pathway and the related ddh gene in lysine production, we introduced site-specific mutagenesis technique. A 300 bp DNA fragment central to the meso-DAP-dehydrogenase gene (ddh) of B. lactofermentum was used to inactive chromosomal ddh gene via homologous recombination. Southern hybridization analysis confirmed that the chromosomal ddh gene was disrupted by the vector sequence. The B. lactofementum ddh mutant obtained have an inactive DDH pathway. The results reveal that inactivation of the ddh gene in B. lactofermentum leads to dramatic reduction of lysine production as well as decrease of the growth rate, indicating that the DDH pathway is essential for high-level lysine production as well as biosynthesis of meso-DAP.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2005.11b
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• pp.274-276
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 단백질 상호작용 네트워크의 복잡성을 제어하고 생물학자가 자신이 설정한 조건을 만족시키는 환경에서 추가적인 다양한 제약 조건을 가하면서 원하는 상호작용 네트워크를 구성하고 조작할 수 있도록 지원하는 Constraints Based Dynamic Protein Interaction Network 이라는 새로운 개념의 단백질 상호작용 네트워크를 소개한다. 본 기법에서는 기존의 단백질 상호작용 네트워크에서 주로 사용하는 단백질 상호작용 정보뿐 아니라 단백질 상호작용에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 개개 단백질의 물리 화학적 특성 및 위치 정보와 상호작용의 환경 정보도 단백질 상호작용 네트워크 구성에 활용한다. 제안된 네트워크상에서 생물학자는 단백질 상호작용 네트워크 구성 조건을 변경하거나 얻어진 네트워크에 변경을 가하면서 점차 자신이 원하는 의미 일은 대사경로 모델을 찾거나, 제약조건의 다양한 조작을 통하여 생물학적 실험을 통하여 얻어진 대사모델의 유효성을 검증하는 것도 가능하다.

• Prospectives of Industrial Chemistry
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.28-35
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• 2016

천연가스, 셰일가스 및 바이오가스의 주성분인 메탄은 지구온난화 가스로, 감축대상인 동시에 차세대 탄소 자원으로 주목을 받고 있다. 기존의 화학적 메탄전환방법은 대규모 설비투자가 요구되는 규모의 경제가 적용되어 소규모 한계 가스전에는 활용이 어렵다. 이러한 문제점을 극복하기 위하여 최근에 생물학적 전환법이 대안으로 고려되고 있다. 메탄자화균은 메탄산화효소(methane monooxygenase)를 이용하여 상온 상압에서 메탄을 탄소원으로 사용하여 생장할 수 있다. 따라서 메탄자화균의 메탄 대사경로를 기반으로 대사공학을 활용하면 메탄으로부터의 다양한 종류의 고부가가치 산물 생산이 가능하다. 본고에서는 메탄자화균을 이용한 메탄의 바이오전환 기술의 현황 및 전망에 대하여 논의하였다.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.35-39
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• 2006

One of the fermentative metabolism of enteric Escherichia coli was imitated after rumen bacteria, which have high C4 metabolism. E. coli expresses phosphenolpyruvate carboxylase (PPC) for the pathway between phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) and oxaloacetate (OAA) during glycolytic condition while expresses phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PCK) during gluconeogenic condition. In contrast to enteric E. coli, rumen bacteria express the PEP-OAA pathway only by PCK. To verify the effect of the regulation imitation on the C4 metabolism of E. coli, PPC-deficient E. coli strain with PCK expression in glycolytic condition was constructed. The PEP-OAA regulation modified E. coli strain increased 2.5-folds higher C4 metabolite than the wild type strain. The potential use of C4 metabolism by regulation control is discussed.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.113-121
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• 2009

As one of the new areas of 'omics' technology, there is increasing interest in metabolomics, which involves the analysis of low-molecular-weight compounds in cells, tissues, and biofluids, and considers interactions within various organisms and reactions of external chemicals with those organisms. However, metabolomics research is still at a fundamental stage in Korea. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to establish a strategic long-term plan to revitalize the national metabolomics approach and obtain the elementary data necessary to determine a policy for effectively supporting metabolomics research. These investigations clarified the state of metabolomics study both in Korea and internationally, from which we attempted to find the potentiality and fields where a metabolomics approach would be applicable, such as in medical science. We also discuss strategies for developing metabolomics research. This study revealed that promoting metabolomics in Korea requires cooperation with metabolomics researchers, acquisition of advanced technology, capital investment in metabolomics approach, establishment of metabolome database, and education of metabolome analysis experts. This would reduce the gap between the national and international levels of metabolomics research, with the resulting developments in metabolomics having the potential to greatly contribute to promoting biotechnology in Korea.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.469-475
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• 1993

In order to elucidate the metabolism of the systemic insecticide, phosphamidon(2-chloro-2-diethylcarbamoyl-1-methylvinyl dimethyl phosphate), treated to pine trees against pine leaf gall midges (Thecodiplosis japonensis Uchida et Inouye), $[vinyl,\;carbonyl-^{14}C]$phosphamidon was implanted into the trunks of 10-year-old Korean red pine (Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc.) and Japanese black pine (Pinus thunbergii Parl.), respectively. This chemical was degraded very quickly in pine trees after implanting, as confirmed by TLC/autoradiography of the extracts of pine needles. Phosphamidon metabolites in phosphate buffer extracts of pine needles include the major metabolite, ${\alpha}-chloroacetoacetic$ acid diethyl-amide, ${\alpha}-chloroacetoacetic$ acid ethylamide, 3-hydroxy-N,N-d iethylbutanamide, acetoacetamide, and trimethyl phosphate. The metabolism within pine trees is expected to be similar to this. Based on these findings, it is believed that the major pathway leading to the metabolites would be related to the P-O-vinyl hydrolysis of the chemical structure.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.12-24
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• 2010

Plant metabolomics is a research field for identifying all of the metabolites found in a certain plant cell, tissue, organ, or whole plant in a given time and conditions and for studying changes in metabolic profiling as time goes or conditions change. Metabolomics is one of the most recently developed omics for holistic approach to biology and is a kind of systems biology. Metabolomics or metabolite fingerprinting techniques usually involves collecting spectra of crude solvent extracts without purification and separation of pure compounds or not in standardized conditions. Therefore, that requires a high degree of reproducibility, which can be achieved by using a standardized method for sample preparation and data acquisition and analysis. In plant biology, metabolomics is applied for various research fields including rapid discrimination between plant species, cultivar and GM plants, metabolic evaluation of commercial food stocks and medicinal herbs, understanding various physiological, stress responses, and determination of gene functions. Recently, plant metabolomics is applied for characterization of gene function often in combination with transcriptomics by analyzing tagged mutants of the model plants of Arabidopsis and rice. The use of plant metabolomics combined by transcriptomics in functional genomics will be the challenge for the coming year. This review paper attempted to introduce current status and prospects of plant metabolomics research.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.24 no.10
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• pp.1055-1062
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• 2014

We investigated the expression of cucumber genes involved in lipid mobilization and metabolism during cotyledon development to compare gene activity and to study the direction of carbon (acetyl unit) transport between glyoxysomes and mitochondria. The core metabolic pathway involving 10 genes was examined in four intracellular compartments: glyoxysomes (peroxisomes), mitochondria, chloroplasts, and cytosol. Additionally, we tested the early germination response of dark-grown seedlings and the immediate light response for a further 3 days. According to the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), 3-L-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase 2 (Thio2), isocitrate lyase (ICL), and malate synthase (MS), the genes involved in storage lipid mobilization showed a similar and consistent pattern of gene expression in seedling development. Furthermore, coordinate expression of the A BOUT DE SOUFFLE (BOU) gene with ICL and MS during seedling emergence pointed to a possible secondary route of acetyl unit (acetyl-CoA) transport between peroxisomes and mitochondria in cucumber. The expression of the BOU gene was light dependent, as shown by BOU activity in Arabidopsis, suggesting that the dark condition also results in weak membrane biogenesis. In addition, several genes were active throughout the development of the green cotyledon, even during senescence. In conclusion, this study summarizes oil-seed germination and gene expression during cucumber cotyledon development and proposes an additional route for acetyl unit transport.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.236-240
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• 1989

The isolated bacterial strain 1K1 able to grow on extremely high concentration of toluene was morphologically and physiologically best described as Pseudomonas putida. This strain could grow on at least eight aromatic compounds, e.g., benzene, benzoate, phenol, o-cresol, m-cresol, toluene, m-tolunte, and xylene, but did not Brow on alkanes, such as hexane, octane, decane, and cyclohexane. Strain 1K1 could grow on above 95% toluene, but it could not grow on above 1% of other aromatic compounds. In the point of survival, strain 1K1 was resistant to high concentration of alkanes, appreciably resistant to toluene and xylene, and damaged by to other aromatic compounds. Strain 1K1 which grew on high concentration of toluene had irregular cell shape in comparing with normal cell shape of the genus Pseudomonas. Strain 1K1 was shown to have at least two aromatic compound dissimilation pathway, one for benzoate and the other for toluene.