• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 1999.10a
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• pp.469-470
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• 1999

본 연구는 가스 중에 포함되어 있는 입자들을 fabric filter를 이용하여 집진할 때 형성되는 dust filter cake의 구조 및 압력강하가 입자간의 부착력(adhesion force), 마찰계수(friction coefficient)등의 여러 관련변수에 따라 변화되는 양상을 전산모사를 통해 예측하고자 하는 것이다.(중략)

• Atmosphere
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.85-92
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• 2013

We estimate atmospheric radiative heating effect of aerosols, based on AErosol RObotic NETwork (AERONET) and lidar observations and radiative transfer calculations. The column radiation model (CRM) is modified to ingest the AERONET measured variables (aerosol optical depth, single scattering albedo, and asymmetric parameter) and subsequently calculate the optical parameters at the 19 bands from the data obtained at four wavelengths. The aerosol radiative forcing at the surface and the top of the atmosphere, and atmospheric absorption on pollution (April 15, 2001) and dust (April 17~18, 2001) days are 3~4 times greater than those on clear-sky days (April 14 and 16, 2001). The atmospheric radiative heating rate (${\Delta}H$) and heating rate by aerosols (${\Delta}H_{aerosol}$) are estimated to be about $3\;K\;day^{-1}$ and $1{\sim}3\;K\;day^{-1}$ for pollution and dust aerosol layers. The sensitivity test showed that a 10% uncertainty in the single scattering albedo results in 30% uncertainties in aerosol radiative forcing at the surface and at the top of the atmosphere and 60% uncertainties in atmospheric forcing, thereby translated to about 35% uncertainties in ${\Delta}H$. This result suggests that atmospheric radiative heating is largely determined by the amount of light-absorbing aerosols.

• Atmosphere
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.283-291
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• 2013

This study investigates the changes in the atmosphere-ocean interactions over the South China Sea (SCS) by analyzing their variables in the period of 1979~2011 during the boreal summer (June-July-August). It is found that a simultaneous correlation coefficient between sea surface temperature (SST) and precipitation over SCS during summer is significantly changed before and after the late-1990s. That is, the variation of precipitation over SCS is negatively (positively) correlated with the SST variations before (after) the late-1990s. Our further correlation analysis indicates that the atmospheric forcing of the SST is dominant before the late-1990s accompanying with wind-evaporation feedback and cloud-radiation feedback. After the late-1990s, in contrast, the SST forcing of the atmosphere through the latent heat flux from the ocean to the atmosphere is dominant. It is found that the change in the relationship of atmosphere-ocean interactions over SCS are associated with the changes in the relationship with Northeast Asian summer precipitation. In particular, a simultaneous correlation coefficient between the precipitation over SCS and Northeast Asia becomes stronger during after the late-1990s than before the late-1990s. We argue that the increase of the SST forcing of the atmosphere over SCS may lead a direct relationship of precipitation variations between SCS and Northeast Asia after the late-1990s.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.277-277
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• 2012

국립기상연구소(National Institute of Meteorological Research; NIMR)는 기상청 이중편파 레이더 현업운영에 대비하여 2009년 X-band 연구용 이중편파 레이더를 도입하였고, 편파변수의 산출과 대기수상체 분류를 포함한 강수추정 등의 효용 가능성에 대한 연구를 지난 2년간 수행하고 있다. 이중편파 레이더는 반사도( )뿐만 아니라 차등반사도($Z_R$), 비차등 위상($K_{DP}$), 상관계수($_v$)등의 편파 변수의 산출로 강우감쇠보정과 기상에코-비기상의 에코(ground clutter, insects, birds, chaff)의 구별이 가능하다. 이러한 장점들을 이용해 레이더 자료품질 개선과 정량적 강수추정의 상당한 개선에 도움이 된다. 본 연구에서는 강수추정 관계식 R-Z, 감쇠 보정된 R-Z, R-$K_{DP}$ 관계식을 이용하여 레이더 관측 반경 내에 존재 하는 81개의 지상 우량계 자료와 강수량 추정의 정확도 비교 검증을 실시하였다. 그리고 Fuzzy logic 기법을 이용한 대기수상체 분류 알고리즘을 사용하였고 관측사례는 2011년 수도권 관측을 통해 강설/강수 에코 구별과 우박에코 사례를 분석하였다. 본 연구를 통해 이중 편파 레이더에서 산출된 고품질의 레이더기상자료를 기반으로 현업 예보지원 및 정량적 강우예측 향상에도 기여할 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.317-326
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• 2020

In this study, damages caused by flash fire, overpressure, and thermal radiation based on the sizes of leak holes were evaluated using the areal location of hazardous atmospheres when natural gas leaked owing to the damage of pipeline in a LNG fueled ship. In addition, environmental variables (wind speed, atmospheric temperature, and atmospheric stability) and process variables (pipe pressure and pipe length) were classified to analyze the damage impact ranges caused by various scenarios. From the results, the damage range caused by the environmental variables was the largest, followed by overpressure and thermal radiation. Additionally, for the process variables, regardless of the pressure, length, or size of the leak holes, the damage range attributed to flash fire was the most significant, and the damage range was high in the order of overpressure and thermal radiation, similar to the environmental variables. The larger the size of the leak holes, the higher the values of the environmental and process variables, and the higher the damage range caused by jet fire compared to the environmental variables.

• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
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• 2000.02a
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• pp.150-151
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• 2000

대기 중에 존재하는 수증기(water vapor)와 물방울 입자(liquid water)는 대기의 열 순환 과정에서 이산화탄소와 함께 매우 중요한 역할을 하는 중요한 변수이다. 대류권의 수증기 밀도를 라만 라이다 기술을 이용하여 원격으로 측정하려는 시도는 오래 전부터 있었으나, 물방울 입자의 밀도 측정은 최근에 연구가 시작되었으며, 특히 수증기의 밀도 측정에서 물방울 입자의 라만 신호가 심각한 오차요인으로 알려지면서 이에 대한 연구가 구체적으로 진행되었다.[1-2] 라만 라이다 연구는 대기 중에서 비교적 흡수가 적고 산란단면적이 큰 레이저 광원의 선택이 매우 중요하다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.170-172
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• 2000

산업의 발전과 기상 변화에 따른 대기중의 오존 농도 메커니즘은 질소산화물 및 탄화 수소류 등의 오염 물질로 인한 광화학적인 작용과 일사량, 풍속, 기온 등의 기상학적인 변수들의 상호작용으로 생성되어 최근 국내외를 막론하고 하계 중 6월부터 8월 사이에 집중적인 고농도 현상을 보이는 것에 관심을 가지고 있다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 1999.10c
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• pp.623-625
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• 1999

초기 대기시간의 감소는 동시에 지원할 수 있는 사용자 수의 최대화와 함께 비디오 저장 서버가 상용 서비스에 사용되기 위해서 갖추어야 할 필수적인 요소이다. 본 논문에서는 각 디스크의 부하가 균형을 이루고, 새로운 사용자의 디스크 읽기 요구를 우선적으로 처리하는 방법으로 초기 대기시간이 일정 시간을 넘지 않도록 하는 디스크 배치 방법과 스케쥴링 방법을 제안하고, 이러한 방법을 구현하는데 필요한 시스템 변수들의 설정 방법을 제안한다. 또한 기존의 방법과의 비교를 통하여 제안한 방법의 우수한 성능 향상이 있음을 보인다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.205-206
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• 2001

대기중 에어로졸 혹은 미세입자 제조과정에서 생성되는 에어로졸은 전하를 띠게 되는 경우가 많다. 특히 연소공정에서 나오는 배출가스에 포함된 에어로졸은 대부분 하전된 상태로 존재한다. 에어로졸 입자들의 하전량은 응집속도에 영향을 미치게 되고, 결과적으로 입자크기분포의 변화에 큰 변수로 작용하게 된다. (중략)

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.1-30
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• 2010

Customers often experience waiting for buying service. Managing customers' waiting time is important for service providers since customers who are dissatisfied with waiting, secede from a service place at last. Not a few studies have been done to solve waiting time problem and improve customers' waiting experience. Hui & Tse(1996) identify evaluation factors in customers' behavioral mechanism as customers wait. That is, customers experience perceived waiting time, waiting acceptability and emotional response to the wait when they wait. Since customers evaluate the wait using these factors, service provider should manage these factors in order to minimize customers' dissatisfaction. Therefore, this study explores that evaluation factors of waiting are influenced by customers' situational and experiential characteristics, which include customer loyalty, transaction importance for customer and waiting expectation level. Those situational and experiential characteristics are usually given to service providers so they can't control these at waiting point. The major findings derived from two exploratory studies can be summarized as follows. First, according to the result from the study 1 (restaurant setting), customers' transaction importance has the greatest positive influence on waiting experience. The results show restaurant service provider could prevent customers' separation effectively through strategies which raise customers' transaction importance, like giving special coupons for important events. Second, in study 2 (amusement part setting) customer loyalty has large positive impact on waiting experience as well as transaction importance. This results show that service provider could minimize customers' dissatisfaction using strategies which raise customer loyalty continuously. This results show customer perceives waiting experience differently according to characteristics of service place and service itself. Therefore, service provider should grasp the unique customers' situational and experiential characters for each service and service place. It could provide an effective strategy for waiting time management. Third, the study finds transaction importance and waiting expectation level have direct influence customers' waiting experience as independent variables, while existing studies treated them as moderators. Customer loyalty which has not been incorporated in previous waiting time research is known to affect waiting experience. It suggests that marketing strategy which builds up customer loyalty for long period of time is also quite effective, compared to short term tactics to help customers endure waiting time. Fourth, this study reveals the importance of actual waiting time along with perceived waiting time. So far most studies only focus on customers' perceived waiting time. Especially, this study incorporates the concept of patient limit on waiting time to investigate effect of actual waiting time. The results show that there were various responses to the wait depending on how actual waiting time exceeds individual's patent limit on waiting time or not, even though customers wait about the same period of time. Finally, using structural equation model, conceptual path between behavioral responses is verified. As customer perceives waiting time, then she decides whether she can endure it or not, and then her emotional response occurs. This result are somewhat different from Hui & Tse(1996)'s study. The study also includes theoretical contributions as well as practical implications.