• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.29-39
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• 2023

In this study, an analysis of medical waste generation characteristics was conducted, differentiating between ordinary situation and the outbreaks of massive infectious diseases. During ordinary situation, prediction models for medical waste quantities by type, general medical waste(G-MW), hazardous medical waste(H-MW), infectious medical waste(I-MW), were established through regression analysis, with all significance values (p) being <0.0001, indicating statistical significance. The determination coefficient(R2) values for prediction models of each category were analyzed as follows : I-MW(R2=0.9943) > G-MW(R2=0.9817) > H-MW(R2=0.9310). Additionally, factors such as GDP(G-MW), the number of medical institutions (H-MW), and the elderly population ratio(I-MW), utilized as influencing factors and consistent with previous literature, showed high correlations. The total MW generation, evaluated by combining each model, had an MAE of 2,615 and RMSE of 3,353. This indicated accuracy levels similar to the medical waste models of H-MW(2,491, 2,890) and I-MW(2,291, 3,267). Due to limitations in accurately estimating the quantity of medical waste during the rapid and outbreaks of massive infectious diseases, the generation unit of I-MW was derived to analyze its characteristics. During the early unstable stage of infectious disease outbreaks, the generation unit was 8.74 kg/capita·day, 2.69 kg/capita·day during the stable stage, and an average of 0.08 kg/capita·day during the reduction stage. Correlation analysis between generation unit of I-MW and lethality rates showed +0.99 in the unstable stage, +0.52 in the stable stage, and +0.96 in the reduction period, demonstrating a very high positive correlation of +0.95 or higher throughout the entire outbreaks of massive infectious diseases. The results derived from this study are expected to play a useful role in establishing an effective medical waste management system in the field of health care.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2022.05a
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• pp.392-392
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• 2022

세계적 규모의 팬데믹 감염병의 출현은 전 세계적으로 경제적, 문화적, 사회적 파급효과가 매우 강력하며 전 인류를 위협하고 있다. 최근에 발병한 중증급성 호흡기질환 코로나바이러스 2(Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2, SARS-CoV-2)는 2019년 12월 중국 우한에서 첫 보고 되었고 2022년 현재까지 종식되지 않고 있으며 바이러스의 전파력과 치명률이 높고 무증상 감염상태일 때에도 전염이 가능하여 현재 역학조사의 사후적 대응에 대한 한계가 있어 선제적 대응을 위한 수단이 필수 불가결해지고 있는 실정이다. 하수기반역학(Waste Based Epidemiology, WBE)이란 하수처리장으로 유입되기 전의 하수를 분석하여 하수 집수구역 내 도시민의 생활상을 예측하는 것으로 하수로 배출된 감염자의 분비물 및 배설물 속 바이러스를 하수관로에서 신속하게 검출함으로써 특정지역의 감염성 질환 전파 정도와 유행하는 타입(변이)등을 분석하고 기존 역학조사의 문제점을 극복할 수 있으며 선제적인 대응이 가능하다. 현재 COVID-19의 대유행과 관련하여 WBE를 기반으로 한 다양한 연구가 진행되고 있으며 실제 환자의 발생과 상관관계가 있음이 확인되고 있고 백신 접종과 새롭게 발생한 변이바이러스의 관계 속에서 발생하는 변수를 고려한 모델이 없다는 점을 들어 새로운 감염병 확산 예측 모델에 대한 필요성 또한 커지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 병원에서부터 하수처리장까지의 하수관거와 하수처리장에서의 SARS-CoV-2 검출농도 및 거동을 파악하는 것을 목적으로 하고 있으며 COVID-19의 감염규모 확산에 관한 방법론에서 수학적모델 (Euler Method, RK4 Method, Gillespie Algorithm)과 딥러닝 기반의 Nowcasting model과 Fore casting model을 살펴보고자 한다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.52 no.11
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• pp.1241-1248
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• 2009

Purpose:The etiology of Kawasaki disease (KD) is still unknown. Recently, an association between human coronavirus NL63 (HCoV-NL63) and KD was implicated. Hence, we attempted to determine the association between KD and acute respiratory viral infections. Methods:Nasopharyngeal aspirate samples were obtained from 54 patients diagnosed with KD at the Seoul National University (SNU) Children's Hospital and SNU-Bundang Hospital between October 2003 and September 2006. Viral diagnoses of 11 respiratory viruses were made using multiplex reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR): respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), adenovirus, rhinovirus (RV), parainfluenza viruses (PIVs) 1 and 3, influenza viruses (IFVs) A and B, human metapneumovirus (HMPV), human bocavirus (HBoV), HCoV OC43/229E, and HCoV-NL63. Clinical data were reviewed retrospectively. Results:The median age was 32 months (6 months-10.4 years). Respiratory symptoms were observed in 37 patients (69%). The following respiratory viruses were identified in 12 patients (22%): RV (n=4), PIV-3 (n=2), HBoV (n=2), and adenovirus, RSV, PIV-1, IFV-A, and HCoV-NL63 (n=1). Co-infection with PIV-3 and RV was observed in one patient. Respiratory symptoms were observed in 7 (58.3%) and 30 (71.4%) patients of the virus-positive and virus-negative groups (P>0.05). Response rate to intravenous immunoglobulin administration was 67% (n=8) and 86% (n=36) in the virus- positive and virus-negative groups (P>0.05). Conclusion:Respiratory symptoms were commonly observed in KD patients but the association between respiratory viruses and KD were not found. Large multicenter-based investigations are required to confirm the association between acute respiratory viral infections and KD.