• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.34 no.7
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• pp.1205-1214
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• 2004

Purpose: This study was conducted to develop and to test the effects of an educational program for coping with problem situations as a nursing intervention in the diabetic patient. Method: A non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used in this study. Data were collected from January to March, 2002. The subjects of the study consisted of 31 diabetic patients(experimental group : 17 patients, control group : 14 patients). The intervention of an educational program for coping with problem situations was applied to the experimental group for 4weeks(total 8 hours). Data were collected before the educational program, immediately after and 1 months later and were analyzed with repeated measures ANOVA, t-test, and paired t-test. Result: 1. There was a significant difference in self efficacy between the experimental and control groups (F=13.793, p=0.001). 2. There was a significant difference in self care behavior between the experimental and control groups (F=4.583, p=0.041). 3. There was a significant difference in coping behavior of the problem situation between the experimental and control groups (F=62.018, p=0.000). There was a significant difference according to experimental stages(F=4.546, p=0.015) and interaction between education and experimental stages(F=12.039, p=0.000). 4. There was a significant difference in glycemic control between the experimental and control groups (t=-3.112, p=0.004). Conclusion: These results support that a diabetic educational program for coping with problem situations is effective in promoting and maintaining self efficacy, self care behavior, problem coping behaviors and in improving glycemic control. Thus this program can be recommended as an effective nursing intervention of in-depth education for diabetic patient.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.271-277
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• 2016

This study was done to investigate the antidiabetic effect of ethanol extract from Codonopsis lanceolata root in Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by intravenous injection of STZ at a dose 45mg/kg.b.w. dissolved in citrate buffer(pH4.5). The ethanol extract of Codonopsis lanceolata root was orally administrated once a day for 7 days. The contents of serum glucose, triglyceride(TG) and total cholesterol were significantly decreased(p<0.05) in Codonopsis lanceolata root treated group compared to the those of STZ-control group. Also the content of hepatic glycogen and activities of glucose-phosphate dehydrogenase(G-6-PDH) and glucokinase(GK) were significamtly increased(p<0.05). These results indicated that ethanol extract of Codonopsis lanceolata root would have antidiabetic effect in STZ-induced diabetic rats.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.105-109
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• 2009

Among signal transduction systems by protein phosphorylation Akt/PKB protein kinase which is one of serine/threonine kinases, is known to regulate the survival and death of the cell and glucose metabolism. Thus, Akt/PKB protein kinase has been used as one of the target proteins to find anti-cancer agents from natural products. In this study, human Akt/PKB protein kinase was expressed in Escherichia coli expression system for the mass production. Human Akt/PKB protein kinase expressed in E. coli formed inclusion body under the general condition. However, most of the expressed protein was solubilized under the culture temperature at $27^{\circ}C$ and 0.01-0.09 mM of IPTG for induction of the protein expression. The expressed protein was purified using $Ni^{2+}$-NTA agarose column and confirmed by using anti-Akt antibody. Subsequently, the purified human Akt/PKB protein kinase was activated by in vitro phosphorylation using cellular extract containing kinases. The activated protein was confirmed to phosphorylate the specific fluorescent peptide specially designed as the artificial substrate for Akt/PKB protein kinase.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 1991

In this study. the importance of body fat distribution as an indicator of metabolic aberrations in diabetics was'evaluated. Skinfold thicknesses at eight sites and circumferences at five sites and total body fat content were measured on 105 diabetics. 1) The waist/thigh girth ratio(WTR) was positively correlated(r=0.38-0.54) to plasma glucose levels during oral glucose loading in diabetic men alone. 2) There was no significant difference in serum total cholesterol of diabetics and nondiabetics. However, HDL-cholesterol was significantly lower(p : 0.000. in male and female) in diabetics(male : 36.31$\pm$ 16.98mg/dl, female: 37.89$\pm$14.67mg/dl) than nodiabetics(male 61.75$\pm$14.08mg/dl, female : 62.29$\pm$12.65mg/dl) and serum triglyceride was significantly higher(p=0.0212) in diabetic women(171.90$\pm$ 76.61mg/dl) than nondiabetic women(111.10$\pm$42.84mg/dl) . 3) In both sexes. anthropometric measurements that significantly correlated to serum triglyceride concentration were percentage of ideal body weight. body mass index(BMI) and waist circumference. Positive and significant correlations were found between serum cholestrol, and BMI(R: 0.31, 0.34) and waist circumference(r=0.29) in diabetic men. Moreover, skinfolds of trunk area(r=0.29~0.32) especially abdomen, were closely associated with serum lipids than other fat deposits. Increasing percentage of total body fat content was accompanied by progressively increasing serum triglyceride concentration(r=0.41) in dieabetic men. This study shows that knowledge of body fat localization may help identify risks of carbohydrate intolerance and hyperlipidemia in diabetics.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.288-297
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• 2004

Objective : This study was undertaken to investigate how Bombycis corpus (BC) effects the development and progress of complications occurring in Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Methods : Laboratory rats were seperated into three groups; normal, rats with DM and treated with BC, and rats with DM and not treated. In this study DM was experimentally induced through injection of streptozotocin. The BC treated group was given BC extract p.o. for 15 days. Then, The activities of glucose phosphatic enzymes and polyol pathway channels were observed. Results : The blood glucose level greatly increased in the DM groups after injection of streptoztocin, but it significantly decreased in the BC treated group. Significantly enhanced levels of serum insulin levels were seen in the BC treated group, while supressed levels were seen in the untreated DM group. Weight was recovered by the BC treated group, matching the normal group. Decreased enzyme activity of aldose reductase, sorbitol dehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphatase were seen in BC treated diabetic rats. Increased enzyme activity, of the glucokinase and hexokinase were seen in BC treated diabetic rats. Conclusions : This study suggests that BC normalized the blood glucose and serum insulin levels destablized by DM. Because increased activity of glucose phosphatic enzymes, glucokinase and hexokinase, and decreased glucose-6-phosphatase activity, and suppression of polyol pathway enzymes, aldose reductase and sorbitol dehydrogenase, were all seen, these observations suggest that BC suppresses blood glucose levels and prevents complications due to DM.

• Proceedings of the Korean Journal of Food and Nutrition Conference
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• 2003.07a
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• pp.85-85
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• 2003

본 연구는 저열량 기능성 탄수화물 소재(저항전분, 식이섬유)를 이용하여 당뇨병 환자의 혈당과 지방대사를 조절하는데 도움을 줄 수 있는 치료식을 개발하기 위해 동물실험과 임상실험을 수행하여 제품의 혈당 및 지방대사 조절, 혈당조절호르몬, 장내기능조절 효과를 검증하였다. 또한 동물실험을 통해 대장에서 염증을 일으키는 것으로 알려진 deoxycholate (DOC)를 식이무게의 2%로 첨가하고, HAS는 일반전분의 50%로 대체시켰을 때 HAS가 DOC의 염증작용에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 살펴보아 HAS의 장기능 개선에 대한 기능성을 환인해보았고 저항전분이 혈당 및 혈액내 지질조성에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 인체실험 연구결과는 저항 전분을 섭취한 군에서 체중이 유의적으로 감소하였고 비만도를 나타내는 BMI도 감소하여 개발된 선식제품의 체중감소 효과가 입증되었다. 당대사 결과는 동물실험의 경우는 저항전분을 섭취한 군에서 혈당감소를 나타내고 있으나 인체실험의 경우 선식제품 섭취 후 혈당과 인슐린의 농도가 영향을 받지 않았으며 혈액 내 지방성분은 동물실험에서는 혈액내 총지방과 중성지방이 저항전분 섭취시 감소하였고, 인체실험의 경우 저항전분 시제품 섭취 후에 혈액내 중성지방량은 약간 증가하였으나 총지방량과 총콜레스테롤량, LDL-콜레스테롤량은 감소하는 효과를 보여주었다. 또한 면역능력에 대한 지표는 저항전분 시제품 섭취 후 혈액 내 면역글로부린 G가 유의적으로 증가 하였다. 동물실험을 통한 저항전분의 장기능에 관한 연구결과는 저항전분의 한 형태인 HAS의 섭취가 대장길이와 맹장무게를 증가시키며, 맹장에서의 비피더스균의 증식을 가져와 장내 SCFA의 생산을 증가시키고, 맹장내 pH 감소를 가져오며 대장 점막에서의 PGE2의 생산을 감소시켜 장 기능개선의 효과를 나타내고 있다. 그리고 이러한 효과는 DOC섭취에 의한 부작용을 완화시키는 작용을 하였다. 또한 저항전분의 동물실험 겨로가는 혈당을 감소시키며, 혈액지방 수준을 감소시키는 효과를 나타내므로 저항전분의 섭취는 장긴\ulcorner 개선, 혈당유지, 혈액지방수준 개선의 효과가 있는 것으로 보인다.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.682-687
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• 2020

This study was performed to investigate the antidiabetic effect of ethanol extract of Phelladrindron Amurense Rupr (P.A) in Streptozotocin(STZ) induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by intravenous injection of STZ at a dose of 45mg/kg,b.w. dissolved in citrate buffer. The ethanol extract of P. A was orally administrated once a day for 7 days at a dose of 1,000mg/kg. The content of serum glucose, was significantly decreased in P.A treated group compared to the those of STZ-control group. The content of hepatic glycogen and activities of glucokinase(GK) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase(G-6-PDH) were significantly increased(p<0.05), and activity of glucose-6-phoshatase(G-6-Pase) was significantly decreased(p<0.05) in P.A treated group compared to those of STZ-control group, These results indicated that ethanol extract of P.A have antidiabetic effect in STZ-induced diabetic rats.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.164-173
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• 2016

To investigate the genetic basis of phenotypic differences, sequence variations were analyzed in 8 inbred watermelon lines by re-sequencing. The number of sequence variations differed depending on the chromosome. Only 12.9% of SNPs were found within genes, whereas the rest were detected in promoter or intergenic regions. SNP density analysis showed that there was a highly variable region at the end of chromosome 6, which is similar to previously published findings. However, this region with high SNP density did not show much variation between the lines. In contrast, highly conserved regions with a size of 6.5-10 Mb were found in chromosomes 10 and 11. Pathway analysis suggested that the DIMBOA (a natural antibiotic)-glucoside degradation pathway was significantly different between the lines, indicating that the eight lines may have different levels of pathogen resistance. Among the carbohydrate-related genes, the alpha-galactosidase gene was the most variable among the lines. Information from this study will be helpful in understanding the watermelon breeding process at the molecular level.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.389-399
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was done to identify effects of a 12 weeks Tai Chi exercise and education intervention program on HbA1C, sexual function and IL-12 (Interleukin 12), IL-4 (Interleukin 4), TNF-${\alpha}$ (Tumor Necrosis Factor) for women with type 2 diabetes. Methods: The study had a nonequivalent control group pretest posttest design. The participants were 64 women with diabetes recruited from an outpatient clinic of a university hospital. The Tai Chi exercise and education intervention program was provided twice a week for 12 weeks for the 32 women in the experimental group. The 32 women in the control group were maintained on basic outpatient treatment. Outcome variables were HbA1C, sexual dysfunction scores, IL-4, IL-12 and TNF-${\alpha}$. Results: The experimental group showed significantly improved HbA1C (F=3.10, p=.004), and sexual function (F=3.78, p=.001) compared to the control group. Also for the experimental group TNF-${\alpha}$ (F=-2.69, p=.004) significantly increased compared to the control group. Conclusion: Results indicate that a Tai Chi exercise and education intervention program can be utilized effectively for women with type 2 diabetes.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.277-284
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• 2014

The ethanol extraction yield of Meliae toosendan fructus(MT) was about 24.5% by extract apparatus. This study was done to investigate the carbohydrate metabolism related enzyme activities and antioxidative effects of MT in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. The contents of serum glucose, triglyceride (TG) were significantly decreaed in MT treated group compared to the those of STZ-control group, also content of Total cholesterol was decreased. High density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol was increased in MT treated group. The activity of glucose-6-pase(G-6-Pase) was significantly decreased in MT treated group. Also the activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase(G-6-PDH) and glucokinase(Gk) were increaed in MT treated group. The content of hepatic glycogen was significantly increaed in MT treated group, in addition, content of malondialdehyde(MDA) was significanly decreased in MT treated group. Also, content of glutathione(GSH)was dereased in MT treated froup. whereas, activity of catalase(CAT) was significantly increaed in MT treated group compared to the those of STZ-control group. activity of glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) was inecreaed. In conclusion, these results indicated that ethanol extract of MT would have carbohydrate metabolism antioxidative effects in STZ-induced diabetic rats.