• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.165-179
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• 2021

This study investigated that what strategies tobacco companies have taken for marketing tobacco and tobacco companies on news media, by reviewing the previous research analyzing the tobacco companies' documents and the news coverage of tobacco. The tobacco document studies showed that tobacco companies have created close relationships with news media, a quid pro quo, by providing advertising and diverse forms of sponsorships and obtaining favored treatment on news coverage and have built networks with journalists by supporting journalist organizations. They have also supported thinktank groups and pro-smoking groups so as to represent and advocate their perspectives and assertions on news media and have utilized sponsorship of art and culture as pseuo-event for publicizing tobacco and tobacco companies on news media. Futhermore, news coverage of tobacco showed that news media tended to deal with tobacco issues lukewarmly, without a clear position and perspective and deliver naturally tobacco industry's perspective and message that smoking is controvertial rather than totally undesirable and unacceptable. Also, the news coverages have often reflected tobacco industry's publicity strategies identified in tobacco industry documents. This study suggests how tobacco industry access and utilize news media to obtain favorable news coverage, and thus it provides a rational of why tobacco industry's publicity activities have to be regulated.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.23-34
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• 2016

South Korea's state health insurer, the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS), is in the process of a compensation suit against tobacco industry. The tobacco companies have habitually endeavored to ensure favorable outcomes in litigation by misusing scientific evidence or recruiting scientists to support its interests. This study analyzed strategies that tobacco companies have used during the NHIS litigation, which has been receiving world-wide attention. To understand the litigation strategies of tobacco companies, the present study reviewed the existing literature and carried out content analysis of petitions, preparatory documents, and supporting evidence submitted to the court by the NHIS and the tobacco companies during the suit. Tobacco companies misrepresented the World Health Organization (WHO) report's argument and misused scientific evidence, and removed the word "deadly" from the title of the citation. Tobacco companies submitted the research results of scientists who had worked as a consultant for the tobacco industry as evidence. Such litigation strategies employed by the tobacco companies internationally were applied similarly in Korean lawsuits. Results of tobacco litigation have a huge influence on tobacco control policies. For desirable outcomes of the suits, healthcare professionals need to pay a great deal of attention to the enormous volume of written opinions and supporting evidence that tobacco companies submit. They also need to face the fact that the companies engage in recruitment of scientists. Healthcare professionals should refuse to partner with tobacco industry, as recommended by Article 5.3 of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.21-34
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• 2001

향료란 향을 발현시키는데 사용되는 재료로서 식품, 의약, 화장품, 향수 등 사용분야에 따라 그 표현과 의미가 달리 해석되는데 담배에서 향료의 역할과 기능은 담배의 맛과 향을 변화시켜 주기 위해 사용되는 것으로서 다양하게 표현될 수 있으며 특히 소비자가 판매되고 있는 제품담배 중에서 선호하는 담배를 선택하는 기준이 될 수 있다. 담배에 향료는 오래 전부터 특별한 제한 없이 사용되어 왔으나 최근에 주요 선진국가에서 담배에 대한 규제가 강화되면서 사용되는 향료 또한 많은 제한을 받고 있는데 국제적인 시장에 출시할 목적으로 개발되는 담배에 향료를 사용하기 위해서는 최소 20여 개의 각기 다른 규제 법규를 고려해야할 정도로 규제가 강화되고 있는 실정이며 특히 일부 국가에서는 담배를 판매하기 위한 전제조건으로 사용된 첨가물의 공개를 요구하고 있다. 담배용 향료의 사용을 제한할 목적으로 적용되고 있는 규정은 공식적으로 발표되어 적용되는 규정과 공식적으로 발표되지 않고 관련 국가기관 또는 담배회사 내에서 자체적으로 적용되는 규정으로 구분할 수 있는데 본 보고에서는 담배의 맛과 향에 영향을 미치는 향료의 역할과 기능을 소비자에 의해 판단되어지는 담배 품질관련요인 및 이들 요인들을 나타내는 관능적 표현용어와 이에 영향을 미치는 인자와의 관계로서 분석하고 국가별 향료 사용현황과 담배용 향료의 세계적인 사용경향을 주요 국가에서 향료 및 담배용 첨가제의 사용을 제한할 목적으로 발표된 각종 규정을 위주로 하여 소개하고자 한다.

• Women's Studies Review
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.3-42
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• 2011

This study aims to analyze the characteristics of transnational cigarette companies' strategies to expand the female market in Korea after the market opening of 1988. Focusing on 'Virginia Slims' and 'Finesse', which are the PM and BAT's representative female brands, this study explores whether their typical advertising strategies were transformed in Korean market. After 3years from the market opening, 'Virginia Slims' gave up its brand identity and the strategy was so successful that 'Virginia Slims' continued to be 2nd best-selling brand in the imported cigarette market in Korea. In contrast, 'Finesse' maintained a typical women's cigarette image during the 1990s and consequently occupied the highest brand awareness as a female cigarette but lower market share than Virginia Slims. TTCs adapted to a doubly obstructed Korea market with its strong taboo against female smoking and a comparatively stronger legal ban on all cigarette ads targeting women. However, diverse indirect cigarette ads and promotions, which circumvented regulations, suggest that ads transforming was not to give up Korean female customers. Furthermore, the cigarette ads that the soft and mild taste of female brands are associated with healthy image rather than gendered image may appeal to Korean women without touching their emotions and desires.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.71-82
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• 2016

Objectives: In this study, it was analyzed which marketing activity strategy multinational tobacco companies established against Republic of Korea through their internal documents and it was checked out how the marketing activities mentioned in the documents turned out to be actually. Methods: For that, analyzed the internal documents of tobacco companies after connecting Legacy Tobacco Documents Library(LTDL). Three documents were selected finally out of total searched 1,752 documents except the ones that did not include the theme or not appropriate. Results: Internal documents analysis showed that people smoke because the filter of cigarette shown in the movies looks nice. Tobacco companies carried out the marketing through sponsorship of soccer games, F1 Grand Prix was found in the internal documents. Conclusions: The legal restriction on marketing activities of tobacco companies should be enhanced by removing the articles of allowing advertisement and promotion for tobacco companies in Korean domestic law.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.33-43
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• 2014

Purpose: To evaluate the influence of experiences of witnessing tobacco advertising and preferences of tobacco companies' social responsibility (CSR) on current and future smoking intentions in adolescents. Methods: Data were collected from 700 adolescents living in Korea representing 7 metropolitan cities and 8 provinces in the method of proportional random sampling. The Gallup's data collection system was adopted using 1:1 face to face interviews. The witness of tobacco advertising was determined by 'yes', or 'no' responses to three survey items and to four survey items for preferences of tobacco CSR. For statistical analysis, ${\chi}^2$ test, Fisher's exact test and logistic regression were used. Results: 98.4% of the adolescents had experiences of witnessing tobacco advertising. POP (OR=103.44, 95% CI: 8.22~1301.45) and magazine advertisement (OR=6.07, 95% CI: 1.34~22.58) had a significant effect on their current smoking. Also, POP (${\beta}$=.24, p<.001) and movie advertisement (${\beta}$=.42, p<.001) had a significant effect on their future smoking intentions. As for the preferences of tobacco CSR, cultural-art support activities (${\beta}$=.15, p=.025) and environmental purifying campaigns (${\beta}$=-.15, p=.034) had a significant effect on their future smoking intentions. Conclusion: Witness of tobacco advertising and positive responses to tobacco CSR are associated with current and future smoking intentions in adolescents.

• The Safety technology
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• no.183
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• pp.24-26
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• 2013

(주)화인은 전남 광양 포스코 제철소 내에서 크레인, 굴삭기, 휠로더, 무인로더 및 각종 설비를 이용하여 Slag를 처리하고 있는 전문 외주사로, 대한산업안전협회 전남지회가 안전우수사업장으로 적극 추천할 정도로 안전에 대해서는 큰 모범을 보이고 있는 회사다. 이곳은 업종 특성상 폭발, 화재 위험이 매우 크다. 하지만 113명의 임직원 모두가 안전을 최우선으로 하면서 설립(2010년 7월 1일) 이후부터 무사고를 기록, 지난해 10월 안전보건공단으로부터 무재해 2배수를 인정받았다. 이러한 안전에 대한 성과는 작업 능률로 그대로 이어지면서 이곳은 지난 2011년 포스코의 우수 외주 파트너사로 선정되기도 했다. 안전뿐만 아니라 보건 측면에서도 매우 큰 성과를 냈다. 전사적으로 금연 프로그램을 적극적으로 시행하여, 지난해 전남 광양시로부터 '담배 연기 없는 기업'을 수상한 것이다. 위험천만한 제철소 환경 속에서 확고한 안전보건 문화를 구축, 지역사업장의 모범이 되고 있는 (주)화인의 안전관리 활동을 살펴봤다.

• 월간 기계설비
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• s.320
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• pp.66-69
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• 2017

매년 사업주와 근로자로부터 상담한 내용을 돌아보면 우리 사회 노동시장의 현안이 무엇인지, 인권수준은 어떠한지, 노동행정의 방향이 어떠한지를 확연히 체감하게 된다. 그 중 하나가 육아휴직제도이다. 20년 전만 하더라도 육아휴직은 거의 허용되지 않았다. 결혼 또는 임신하면 퇴직이 관행이던 시절이었다. 관행에도 불구하고 임신한 근로자가 퇴직하지 않으면 출 퇴근이 어려운 지방으로 배치전환하거나, 직무를 변경하고, 담배연기 가득한 방 가운데 여성근로자를 근무시키는 비인간적인 처사도 행해졌다. 2~3년 전만 하더라도 "우리 회사는 육아휴직은 안된대요. 그럴바엔 그만두래요. 아이 맡길 곳도 만만치 않은데 어쩌면 좋아요"라는 여성근로자들의 상담이 한달에도 몇 건씩 쏟아져 나왔었다. 초기 여성노무사가 소수이다 보니 워킹맘들의 노동법률상담을 할 기회가 많았다. 때론 사업주들을 설득하고, 중재하고, 처벌조항을 들어 압박하기도 하면서 육아휴직을 권장했지만 기존의 관행과 문화가 일시에 변화하기는 어려운 일이다. 여성의 경제활동율이 늘어나고 출산율이 줄어들면서 정책적으로 출산 및 육아휴직을 장려하는 정부의 감독행정 강화, 그간 노동계 및 시민사회단체의 노력 등으로 인해 법률에 규정된 육아휴직제도가 비로소 현실적으로 보장되어가고 있음을 목도한다. 이즈음에 육아휴직자의 연차휴가 사용, 퇴직금, 육아휴직급여 등에 대한 문의가 많은데 그만큼 육아휴직자가 늘어났다는 것을 반증하는 결과이다. 따라서 이번호에서는 출산휴가 및 육아휴직자들의 연차휴가 사용과 퇴직금 산정방법, 출산 육아휴직급여에 대해 알아보고자 한다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.143-151
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• 2016

Many people interested in indoor air quality monitoring since they spend a majority of their time indoors such as homes and offices. This paper proposes the effective indoor air quality monitoring system and it can gauge carbon dioxide, particulate matter and VOCs(Volatile Organic Compounds) which can be harmful to humans. The proposed system is composed of three main modules which are device, web server, and mobile application. In order to evaluate the performance, we tested two cases which are candle and smoke. We monitor the condition of indoor air quality with our mobile application. Also, we developed the information graphics to compare the condition of air quality between indoor and outdoor and this mobile application improves usability.

• Journal of Korean Society of Disaster and Security
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.25-33
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• 2021

This technology is to let rainwater flow into a waterway that is located side gutter of a street with blocking garbage including cigarette butts at the same time. The first waterway is located beside the sidewalk and it enhances the water circulation in a city. This waterway is filled with aggregates and filter media, which removes fine dust that is washed out of the street and let water flow down to the earth. The second waterway is located beside the street and it retains rainwater temporarily with decreasing its flow speed. The second waterway shall reduce flooding damages by avoiding bottleneck situation in the street inlets and storm water pipelines which is the main causation of flooding in a city.