• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.131-136
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• 1978

The effects of liquid sugar and sucrose on several characteristic of tobacco leaves, there combustibility and harmful compound in smoke were examined. results obtained were as follows. 1) Nicotine and total nitrogen content of tobacco leaves were reduced by sugars added to tobacco. 2) Nicotine and tar transfered to smoke were reduced by 4% sugars added to burley tobacco but not reduced by sugars added to hicks. 3) pH of smoke was reduced by sugars added but pH of tobacco shreds not reduced by sugars added. 4) The filling capacity and combustibility (S. B. R.) of tobacco shreds were increased by sugars treated. 5) Nitrogen oxides transfered to smoke was reduce by sugars treated but phenols transfered was not reduce by sugar treated. 6) The capacities of moisture absorption and retention was increased by sugars treated.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.319-323
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• 1999

This study was designed to evaluate the exposure to benzene by residents in neighborhoods near a major roadways, by persons waiting buses, and by drivers and service station attendants while refueling. It was confirmed that the outdoor air benzene concentrations near the major roadways were higher than those further away from the sources. However, neither the indoor air nor breath concentrations were different for two specified residential areas. Smoking was confirmed as an important factor for the indoor air benzene levels. Persons waiting buses, drivers and service station attendants were exposed to elevated benzene levels compared to even the residents in neighborhoods near a major roadways. The mean benzene concentration at bus stop was 2.7 to 6.9 times higher than the mean ambient air concentration. The mean benzene concentrations in the breathing zone of drivers and service station attendants were 95 to 160 and 120 to 202 times higher than the mean ambient air concentrations, respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Health Society Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.154-159
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• 2005

The markers for Environmental Tobacco Smoke(ETS) a.e necessary to obtain, to interpretate and to provide the data of quantitative exposure assessment. The purpose of this research is to evaluate Indoor environment using the concentration of ETS and the correlations between markers(RSP, nicotine, 3-EP) and environmental conditions(smoking density, ventilation rate). The mean ACH(air change per hour) in smoking rooms showed non-compliance with ASHRAE standard value. The concentrations of RSP, 3-EP, nicotine showed log-normal distributions, and became different statistically depending on smoking condition(p<0.01). The geometric mean concentration of RSP in smoking room was 441.7 ${\mu}g/m^3$ that is far exceeded environmental standard(150 ${\mu}g/m^3$). The correlation coefficients between RSP and SI, 3-EP and SI, and Nicotine and SI were 0.67, 0.84, 0.74 respectively. The correlation coefficient between nicotine and 3-EP, Nicotine and RSP, and RSP and 3-EP were 0.76, 0.78, 0.57 respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.152-162
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• 1994

This study was designed to establish an analytical method for the properties of leaf tobacco smoke. Lyophilized TPM from leaf tobacco smoke was extracted with MeOH, dried under reduced pressure, and trimethyl-silylated(TMS). Gas chromatography of the material using SPB-5 column showed 120 quantifiable peaks. Among those, 26 compounds including a hydrocarbons, Neophytadiene. and Levulinic acid could be identified through GC-MS. Smoke properties of 5 manufacturing grades and 2 oriental cultivars of domestic and imported leaf tobacco including AB3O-1 were analyzed. For flue-cured tobacco, content of the compounds in the smoke was generally higher in American leaf tobacco except for glycerol compounds. For burley tobacco, domestic leaves were found to have much higher amount of smoke compound than imported leaves. Among oriental tobacco, Izmir contained slightly higher amount of smoke compounds than Basma. Key words : GC - profile. TPM. TMS. Leaf tobacco.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.43-49
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• 2003

ETS concentrations in the PC game rooms and factors affecting ETS concentrations were measured. Nicotine, 3-EP, respirable dust and UVPM were used as tracers for ETS. ETS concentrations are 2-3 times higher than those of other results. The concentration of ETS at the commercial district was higher than that of the residential district. The correlations between these tracers and SD/ ACH, a factor affecting to ETS concentration, were calculated. The correlation between 3-ethenylpyridine among tracers and SD/ACH was highest. The correlation between respirable dust and SD/ ACH was lowest. It was difficult to recommend respirable dust as a tracer of ETS.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.77-82
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• 1983

The ventilation of cigarette samples made by the combination of various acetate tow denier and porous plug wrapping paper have been investigated The ventilation rate increased no longer in the acetate tow with high mono denier and low total denier but changed slightly in that with low mono denier and high total denier when the porosity of plug wrapping paper was more than 6500cm/min. cbar. Tip pressure drop ratio, Y, was significantly influenced by tip ventilation rate, X. i. e., Y = 1.0880-0.0042x The relationships of ventilation rate, $X_v$. and smoke delivery, Y, were as follows; Tar : $Y_r$= -14.0458-0.1650$X_v$ Nicotine : $Y_N$= - 1.1045-0.0125$X_v$ CO : $Y_{co}$=17.2806-0.2090$X_v$

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.67-74
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• 1985

Cis-trans forms of fatty acids in cigarette smoke condensate were separated and characterized using SP 2340 glass capillary gas chromatography. The transforms of fatty acids, palmitoeladic , 1-vaccenic, eladic and linoeladic acid were identified. These components were not present only 3% of the total fatty acid fraction, but they showed a very low transfer rate.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.225-232
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• 1989

Deoxyschizandrin, gomisin N, schizandrin, wuweizisu C, gomisin A and angeloylgomisin H were isolated from fruits of Schisandra chinensis BAILLON, and the lignan contents in shred and smoke of 'Balloon-Flower' cigarettes were quantitatively analyzed by capillary-GC(FID). The GC column was SPB-1 fused silica capillay (0.25mm id$\times$30m, Supelco) and the column oven temperature was programmed from 20$0^{\circ}C$ to 30$0^{\circ}C$ at the rate of 4$^{\circ}C$/min. In the shred of 'Balloon-Flower' cigarettes deoxyschizandrin. gomisin N, schizandrin, gomisin A and angeloylgomisin H were detected and schizandrein contets were the highest among them, 22.77$\mu\textrm{g}$/cig., gomisin N, schizandrin and gomisin A were 0.023, 0.054, 0.0849 and 0.167$\mu\textrm{g}$/cig. respectively, and angeloylgomisin H was not detected.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.49-56
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• 1993

Nitric oxide of gas phase in cigarette smoke was conveniently determined by Chemiluminescence NO analyzer with 20 ports rotary type smoking machine Data are presented to support this observation. On the basis of this method the amount of NO in the smoke from nonblended and commercial cigarettes were estimated. Gas phase NO concentration in main stream smoke was correlated well with the nitrate levels in tobacco leaves, but there was no correlation with the tar yields. In consequence, it would be considered that the methodology in this study provided simple and rapid quantification for NO in cigarette smoke.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.107-114
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• 2009

In this study, we investigated the existence of melamine and cyanuric acid in cigarette smoke because leaf tobacco contains lots of nitrogen compounds and they are capable of pyrolytic synthesis while smoking. The extraction and derivatization conditions of two compounds were performed according to the procedure of U.S. Food and Drug Administration(FDA). Ky3R4F as reference cigarette was smoked on ISO condition(Puff volumne : 35 ml, duration : 60 sec, Interval : 2 sec). Compared with the results Ky3R4F and standard solution, retention time of two compounds was not corresponded. As a result, we concluded that melamine and cyanuric acid were not existed in cigarette smoke.