• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.567-571
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• 2009

This study was conducted in order to investigate the role of working memory in word recognition. As a preliminary step in tackling this topic, word frequency and working memory load were manipulated in a naming task. The results showed that word frequency is significantly involved with the working memory load. The effects of working memory load were greater in low-frequency word processing than in high-frequency word processing. These results indicat that working memory is involved more in the processing of low-frequency words. The implications for the teaching of children at the early reading acquisition stage are discussed in this paper.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.54-54
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• 2002

This study was conducted to explore whether an automatic evaluation effect (i.e.,congruency effect and positive priming effect) of emotional properties which have been found in the racial prejudice study can be applied to the gender properties. Experiment 1 employing a short SOA (150ms-250ms) naming task showed a priming effect was larger in the positive prime-positive target condition than negative prime-negative target condition but not congruent effect. Experiment 2 employing a long SOA (500ms-1000ms) naming task didn't yield either positive priming effect or congruency effect. The congruency effect and the positive priming effect which is ubiquitous phenomenon in the generic cognitive concepts network were not found in the gender properties. Therefore, it was suggested that the social information including prejudice or stereotype can be differently processed according to the value of emotionality.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.55-65
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• 2002

This study was conducted to explore whether an automatic evaluation effect (i.e.,congruency effect and positive priming effect) of emotional properties which have been found in the racial prejudice study can be applied to the gender properties. Experiment 1 employing a short SOA (150ms­250ms) naming task showed a priming effect was larger in the positive prime-positive target condition than negative prime-negative target condition but not congruent effect. Experiment 2 employing a long SOA (500ms­1000ms) naming task didn't yield either positive priming effect or congruency effect. The congruency effect and the positive priming effect which is ubiquitous phenomenon in the generic cognitive concepts network were not found in the gender properties. Therefore, it was suggested that the social information including prejudice or stereotype can be differently processed according to the value of emotionality.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.35-41
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• 2004

The letter delay task using monosyllabic words has been employed in order to investigate whether Korean word is processed by the phonological route, and to investigate which stage this phonological information affects word recognition. Two main conditions were delaying a sounding letter( $\rightarrow$향), and delaying a silent letter( $\rightarrow$양). Experiment 1 was the naming task with the SOAs of 150㎳ and 250㎳ in order to investigate whether the phonological information affects the early stages, or the later stages of word recognition. The results showed that the interaction between the phonological value condition and the presence/absence of the prime was significant under the 150㎳ SOA, but not under 250㎳ SOA. Experiment 2 was conducted in order to generalize the results of Experiment 1 in the lexical decision task. The results showed the similar pattern as the Experiment 1. These experiments indicate that Korean words are processed by the phonological route, and the phonological information plays roles in the early stages of word recognition.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.1707-1714
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• 2015

The neural bases underlying within or between-language picture naming was investigated by using event-related fMRI. The present suudy explorered the following two goals: The first is to compare cortical activation areas relevant to naming process in native and foreign language, and to decide whether the activation pattern of the foreign word will be the same as native words or not. The next is to find the cerebral areas involved only in alternating language switching between native and foreign language condition. Differential activation patterns were observed for language switching against one-language. Both naming tasks all activated the left inferior frontal gyrus (LIFG) as expected. However the differences in naming between languages were reflected in the activation amount of the LIFG, namely more activation in naming the native language than the foreign language. Especially, naming of the foreign word from English showed the similar area and size in activation with native language suggesting that the process of borrowed noun resembles that of native common noun. And the language switching between languages newly activated the right middle frontal gyrus as well as the left inferior frontal areas. The right middle frontal gyrus engagement in switching conditions obviously identified that right hemisphere is recruited in code switching possibly with respect to meta-cognition controlling language index at a subconscious level.