• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.470-478
• /
• 2011

Aster altaicus var. uchiyamae is on the list of endangered species in Korea. Using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers, we investigated the genetic diversity within and among four populations (Guram, Dori Island, Samhap, and Danyang) of A. altaicus var. uchiyamae. We also present the collecting strategies that most efficiently capture the genetic diversity of A. altaicus var. uchiyamae. Four AFLP primer combinations produced a total of 936 bands, of which 934 (99.8%) were polymorphic. A high level of genetic diversity (PPB = 45.3%, h = 0.104, I = 0.168, hs = 0.108) was recognized within the populations of A. altaicus var. uchiyamae. A low degree of genetic differentiation ($G_{ST}$ = 0.075, ${\theta}^B$ = 0.079) was detected among the populations. In addition, analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that genetic variation was greater within populations (91%) than among populations (9%). These results indicate that the high rate of gene flow has played an important role in forming the present populations of A. altaicus var. uchiyamae. According to maximization strategy, 17, 16, and 11 individuals captured all of the genetic variation in Dori Island, Samhap, and Guram population, respectively. The determination the minimum population size of A. altaicus var. uchiyamae in terms of the genetic information is critical and thereby gain reliable decision support for ex situ conservation of the endangered species, A. altaicus var. uchiyamae.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.295-301
• /
• 2011

In order to investigate the geographical variation of Glycine max distributed in southern area of Korean peninsula, 19 local strains(Goseng, Pyeongchang, Ganghwa, Pocheon, Geumsan, Seocheon, Jincheon, Danyang, Tongyeong, Sancheong, Gumneung, Wolseong, Woolneung, Wando, Naju, Gochang, Jangsu, Jeju, Bukjeju), which located from $33^{\circ}15'N$ to $38^{\circ}11'N$, were selected according to their latitudes and geographical distances. The seeds of these strains were collected and their contents of mannose and galactose were investigated. Mannose contents in the seeds were variable in the range between the highest 12.207mg/g(Gochang) and the lowest 6.648mg/g(Geumsan). The contents of galactose were represented remarkable differences from 9.967mg/g(Danyang) to 16.949mg/g(Bukjeju) also. The local strains were classified into 4 variation types such as the inland type I(Wolseong, Jangsu, Danyang), the coastal type I(Gochang, Naju, Jeju, Goseng, Woolneung, Bukjeju, Ganghwa, Seocheon, Tongyeong), the inland type II(Geumsan, Pocheon, Pyeongchang) and the coastal type II(Wando, Jincheon) and 2 strange strains(Gumneung, Sancheong) according to the geographical climatic type and the ratio of mannose/galactose, which indicate the hardness of seeds in Leguminosae, ranged from 0.63 to 0.78. The variation types are very significant genecologically as an evidence for microevolution related to speciation in cultivated plants.

• Journal of the Speleological Society of Korea
• /
• v.33 no.34
• /
• pp.23-29
• /
• 1993

온달굴은 충청북도 단양군 영춘면 하리에 소재하며 남한강이 서남류하여 굽이치는 남안의 남산 기음에 위치한다. 이 남산은 서남쪽에 하리와 박자리의 경계를 이루고 있는 남한강변에 우뚝솟은 해발고도 427m 성산의 기슭에 해당하는 구릉봉으로 석회암 지대의 산지지형인 급경사의 산세를 이루고 있다. 영춘지역의 남산 산마루를 따라 성산으로 오르면 산정 부근에서 능선을 따라 그 유명한 성산고성이 축조되어 있다. 이것이 현재 온달성으로 불리우고 있는 고성이다.(중략)

• Tunnel and Underground Space
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.54-62
• /
• 1993

In order to evaluate the necessity for the support during the excavation of the transport drift and use the data for design applications, laboratory testings of mechanical properties of rock samples and engineering rock mass classifications on this study site were performed. The values of RMR and Q-system are 68 and 11.8, respectively. Since these results were evaluated as good, this rock mass were determined to be unsupported. Full face excavation method was determined to be suitable for excavating this drift. In case of excavation, smooth blasting techniques must be carried out at the wall rock and the crown. However, considering the blast vibration etc. that have an effect on the surrounding rock mass, approximately less than 9kg of explosive charges per blast should be maintained.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
• /
• v.22 no.3 s.81
• /
• pp.74-80
• /
• 2007

In this study, a documentary survey, face mapping, and stability analysis were performed on the collapsed colluvial soil slope. The purpose of this paper is to identify the cause of slope failure and determine slope stability for similar areas. Boring samples were extracted from the slump and laboratory tests were performed to find out the cause of slope failure. In addition, the limit equilibrium method was used in order to determine the stability of the slope. As a result of this investigation and the analysis of data, the type of collapse and cause of slope failure have been shown to have a strong correlation with the natural geographical and geological features which make up the collapse profile of the study area. These results will help to develop guidelines for formulating countermeasure methods.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2011.02a
• /
• pp.100-100
• /
• 2011

최근 지구온난화와 같은 기상이변으로 인하여 많은 재해가 유발되고 있으며, 태풍이나 집중호우와 같은 강우현상으로 하천의 범람 등의 홍수피해가 해마다 증가하고 있다. 이러한 가운데 하천에서의 홍수 피해 발생을 예방하기 위한 방법의 하나로 홍수 예 경보 시스템의 구축이 있으며, 우리나라에서는 1974년부터 한강홍수통제소에서 홍수 예 경보 시스템을 구축하여 운영하고 있다. 남한강 유역의 경우 북한강보다 유역면적은 1.6배 넓지만 홍수조절능력을 지닌 구조물로는 충주댐이 유일하며, 충주댐의 저수량은 북한강의 소양강댐보다도 적기 때문에 북한강보다 홍수의 위험이 더 높다고 볼 수 있다. 이에 충주댐에서의 저수위와 방류량은 남한강 유역의 홍수발생에 직접적 영향을 미치며, 실제로 2006년 집중호우 당시 상류의 단양지역과 하류의 여주지역에서는 충주댐의 저수위와 방류량 운영을 두고 많은 논쟁이 야기된 적이 있었다. 본 연구에서는 남한강 유역의 홍수 예 경보 활용을 위하여 HEC-RAS 모형을 이용한 수리학적 모형을 구축하였다. 수리학적 모형을 구축하기 위해 하도측량 자료와 하천정비기본계획서를 이용하여 모형의 단면을 구축하였다. 또한 모형의 정확성을 위하여 최근 가장 큰 홍수피해가 발생한 2006년 홍수사상 자료를 이용하여 모형의 보정을 실시하였으며, 적용성과 신뢰성 검토를 위하여 2003년~2005년, 2007년~2008년에 발생한 홍수사상 자료를 이용하여 모형의 검증을 실시하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
• /
• v.28 no.7
• /
• pp.41-53
• /
• 2012

During rainfall period, to identify the characteristics of the infiltration of moisture, electrical resistivity monitering survey was carried out to weathered zone. Four regions of geophysical exploration areas with different rock types, four regions were selected. An area consists of mafic granite and three areas are composed of sedimentary rocks (Sandstone, Shale, Unconsolidated Mudstone). Survey was conducted from June (rainy season) to November (dry season), and during the period the change in resistivity was observed. According to the result of monitoring exploration on Geumjeong and Jinju areas, for the estimation of the standard rainfall, it is necessary to estimate the effects of the antecedent rainfall during the rainy season based on the overall rainfall from June till October and also necessary to consider this for the estimation of the half period. Also, the vertical distribution of the low resistivity anomaly zone does not show that the infiltration of moisture does not occur uniformly from the surface of the ground to the lower ground but shows that it occurs along the relaxed gap of the crack or soil stratum of the weathering zone. In Pohang area, the type of moisture infiltration is different from that of the granite or sedimentary rock. Since, after the rainfall, the rate of infiltration to the lower ground is high and the period of cultivation to the lower bedrock aquifer is short, it has similar effect to that of the antecedent rainfall applied for the estimation of the standard rainfall being presently used. In Danyang, due to the degree of water content of the ground, the duration period of the low resistivity anomaly zone observed in the lower ground of the place where clastic sedimentary rock is distributed is similar to that in Pohang area. The degree of lateral water diffusion at the time of localized heavy rain is the same as that of the sedimentary rock in Jinju. According to the above analysis results, in Danyang area, the period when the antecedent rainfall has its influence is estimated as three weeks or so.

• Journal of the Speleological Society of Korea
• /
• no.93
• /
• pp.27-32
• /
• 2009

This study is planning information strategic through cave event. ISP is essential for successful development of caves. Danyang-gun is the case.

• Proceedings of the Speleological Society Conference
• /
• 2001.06a
• /
• pp.30-38
• /
• 2001

온달굴이 위치한 충북 단양군 영춘면 하리에 남산줄기와 연한 온달산성일대의 식생을 1999년 3월부터 8월까지 관속식물을 대상으로 조사하고 이중 한국 특산식물, 혐석회식물과 호석회식물의 분포현황을 조사하였다. 1. 온단산성일대에 자생하는 관속식물은 70과 139속 24변종 2품종 153종으로 총 179종류로 조사되었다. 2. 한국특산식물은 3종류였다. 3. 본 조사지역의 호석회식물은 13과 13속 4변종 12종으로 총 16종류였다. 4. 본 조사지역의 혐석회식물은 8과 8속 10종이었다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.102 no.4
• /
• pp.467-476
• /
• 2013

Site index information given from forest site map only exist in the sampled locations. In this study, site index for unsampled locations were estimated using kriging interpolation method which can interpolate values between point samples to generate a continuous surface. Site index of Pinus densiplora in Danyang area were calculated using Chapman-Richards model by plot unit. Then site index for unsampled locations were interpolated by theoretical variogram models and ordinary kriging. Also in order to assess parameter selection, cross-validation was performed by calculating mean error (ME), average standard error (ASE) and root mean square error (RMSE). In result, gaussian model was excluded because of the biggest relative nugget (37.40%). Then spherical model (16.80%) and exponential model (8.77%) were selected. Site index estimates of Pinus densiplora throughout the entire area in Danyang showed 4.39~19.53 based on exponential model, and 4.54~19.23 based on spherical model. By cross-validation, RMSE had almost no difference. But ME and ASE from spherical model were slightly lower than exponential model. Therefore site index prediction map from spherical model were finally selected. Average site index from site prediction map was 10.78. It can be expected that regional variance can be considered by site index prediction map in order to estimate forest biomass which has big spatial variance and eventually it is helpful to improve an accuracy of forest carbon estimation.