• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.311-318
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• 2021

Underwater, signals are transmitted by sound waves. Sound waves are transmitted through a multipath, either directly or through reflection, due to the variety of underwater environmental characteristics. In such diverse and complex underwater environments, tests must be conducted to determine the extent of the hazard from the survivability and pitfalls of submarines by measuring the underwater radiated noise. Usually, the sound source level measurement of underwater radiated noise should be made within the closest point (CPA: Closest Point of Approach) ± a few meters between the measurement sensor and the submarine. In this study, FDOA and TDOA methods were proposed to estimate the underwater source range. A simulation based on the underwater channel model confirmed the performance of the proposed method.

• Information and Communications Magazine
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• v.33 no.8
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• pp.82-88
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• 2016

본고에서는 은밀 수중음향통신과 관련한 연구동향과 수중 채널 환경의 특징들에 대해 소개한다. 육상 무선통신 환경과 마찬가지로 수중 채널에서도 전달 손실, 다중경로 전달, 도플러 효과 및 잡음이 장애 요인으로 작용하나 물 속의 상황을 정확히 예측하기 어렵고 시간에 따른 변동성이 매우 심하기 때문에 통신 시스템 설계를 어렵게 한다. 이러한 장애 요인들을 극복하면서 은밀 수중음향통신으로써 대표적인 대역확산 기법과 함께 수중 생체 모방형 신호를 사용하는 방법을 소개하고, 실제 국내 해역에서 획득한 데이터를 이용한 결과들을 제시한다.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.100-105
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• 1997

To analyze the multipath propagation effects on the source bearing detection of HLA(Horizontal Line Array), the conversion mechanism of the multipath into the bearing is described, and the bearing is estimated from the multipath modeled with typical sound velocity structures of the East and the South Sea of Korea. The erroneous bearing is observed from the beamforming outputs simulated with the modeled multipath, and the erroneous phenomena are analyzed. In case of the East Sea, since the multipath propagation with a high receiving angle occurs due to strong inverse slope of the sound velocity structure, it is possible that the estimated source bearing is different from the real source bearing, and that the number of the source is misrecognized.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.455-471
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• 2013

Active sonar has been commonly used to detect targets existing in the shallow water. When a signal is transmitted and returned back from a target, it has been distorted by various properties of acoustic channel such as multipath arrivals, scattering from rough sea surface and ocean bottom, and refraction by sound speed structure, which makes target detection difficult. It is therefore necessary to consider these channel properties in the target signal simulation in operational performance system of active sonar. In this paper, a monostatic active sonar system is considered, and the target echo, reverberation, and ambient noise are individually simulated as a function of time, and finally summed to simulate a total received signal. A 3-dimensional highlight model, which can reflect the target features including the shape, position, and azimuthal and elevation angles, has been applied to each multipath pair between source and target to simulate the target echo signal. The results are finally compared to those obtained by the algorithm in which only direct path is considered in target signal simulation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.468-472
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• 2000

This paper discusses the development of a acoustic vector channel simulator for the performance analysis of a acoustic digital communication system. The channel simulator consists of transmission module, acoustic channel model, receiver, beamformer, and adaptive equalizer. QPSK source signal is generated by the parameters specified by a user and transmitted. The transmitted signal generate multipath signals which have a different delay, amplitude, and dopper Sequency. The multipath signals with the acoustic noises is the received signal. We can analysis the communication system performance according to the antenna structure, beamforming algorithm, and equalization algorithm.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.861-868
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• 2000

This paper discusses the development of an acoustic vector channel simulator for the performance analysis of an acoustic digital communication system. The channel simulator consists of transmission module, acoustic channel model, receiver, beamformer, and adaptive equalizer. QPSK source signal is generated by the parameters specified by a user. The transmitted signal generates multipath signals which have a different delay, amplitude, and dopper frequency. The multipath singnals with the acoustic noises are the received signal. This paper presents the performance analysis of an acoustic digital communication system according to the antenna structure and the various baseband signal processing techniques.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.84-92
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• 1997

Among the various sources of vehicle interior noise, this paper concerns the road induced noise ; the identification of its transfer path by using experimental method. Multiple input and single output model is taken as a noise generation model. Because it is impossible to measure the road imput forces directly, the acceleration signals are measured on four axle;three directions for each point. By considering the cross correlations of input signals, four uncorrelated source groups are taken. Multiple coherence function is employed to investigate the contribution of each group. In addtion, to identify the detailed path through the suspension systems, the contributions of all possible paths are ranked by using the coherence functions between interior noise and the relative accelerations of connections such as bushings and mountings. Measurements are performed with passenger vehicle traveling on concrete and asphalt roads at 60㎞/h.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.412-421
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• 2018

The Line array sonar consisting of several hydrophones increases array gain and improves the performance for detecting the direction of the target compared to single hydrophone. However, line array sonar produces the bearing error that makes it difficult to determine the bearing of incoming source signal due to the relation between bearing angle of target and vertical angle of multipath signals. Vertical angles of multipath are varied with the geometry of receiver and target and various underwater environments, therefore it is necessary to consider the bearing error to estimate accurately the bearing of the target. In this study, acoustic modelling was performed to understand the effect of multipath signals on the target signal. The errors of bearing angle estimated from the bottom bounced signals are calculated with several environment. In addition, the expected bearing line, as a function of source-receiver range, compensated for the bearing error is predicted from the estimated bearing angle.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.5571-5578
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• 2015

In this paper, we analyzed Alamouti based the MIMO-OFDM system in an underwater vertical communication channels. These in consideration both the transmission loss the multipath loss which is suitable for underwater environment are necessary method to improve the efficiency and communication performance in underwater communication. This paper is modeled in an environment that caused the error, considered each simulated the multi-path loss, transmission loss, the Doppler spread in order to implement a practical communication environment and simulated through the MIMO-OFDM system of Alamouti STBC method. The MIMO-OFDM system 2Tx-2Rx of Alamouti STBC scheme in underwater vertical communication system is obtained about 3~5 dB gain as compare with its 2Tx-1Rx scheme with reference $10^{-3}$ BER.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.13 no.9
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• pp.916-923
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• 2002

In this paper, we propose dual-polarization technique which double the system capacity without increasing any other bandwidth. In theory, dual-polarization technique can double system capacity by using an orthogonal electromagnetic wave. However, cross-polarization interference and multipath interference degrade system performance in practice. To cope with this problem, we propose Cross Polarization Interference Canceller(XPIC) for ITS/DSRC system which can mitigate the XPI as well as multipath propagation interference. We also analyze and discuss its performance with relevant computer simulation results.