• Title/Summary/Keyword: 뇌연구

Search Result 2,111, Processing Time 0.029 seconds

Measurement of Neuromagentic Evoked Fields Using Korean Magnetoencephalography system and Its Clinical Application (한국형 뇌자도 시스템을 이용한 유발 자계 측정 및 임상 응용)

  • Kim, Bong Soo;Chang, Won Seok;Hwang, Su-Jeong;Kim, Kiwoong;Kwon, Hyukchan;Yu, Kwon-Kyu;Kim, Jin-Mok;Lee, Yong-Ho;Chang, Jin Woo
    • Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
    • /
    • v.51 no.10
    • /
    • pp.213-220
    • /
    • 2014
  • Korean magnetoencephalography (MEG) system had been developed and installed to hospital. The Korean MEG system contains helmet-shaped arrays of 152 first-order double relaxation oscillation SQUID (DROS) sensor. As a clinical application we have measured and analyzed evoked responses in patients with functional brain disease by outer stimulation as follows; 1) auditory evoked field in patients with hemifacial spasm, 2) somatosensory evoked fields in patients with tumor. We confirm that neuromagnetic data by Korean MEG system can provide useful information for pre-surgical planning or functional brain research.

A Study on the Deviation of Cluster Based on Template Images of Korean Children's Brain SPECT Image Using the Statistical Parametic Mapping (통계적 파라미터 뇌지도작성을 이용한 국내 어린이 뇌 SPECT영상의 표준틀영상에 따른 화소덩어리의 편차연구)

  • 신동호;박성옥;권수일;조철우;윤석남;이명훈;신동오
    • Progress in Medical Physics
    • /
    • v.15 no.1
    • /
    • pp.45-53
    • /
    • 2004
  • SPM has been widely applied for comparison studios of the functional image data among groups of patients or individuals under different conditions and these images are from people ranging from children to adults. However, the analysis of children's brain images by using SPM can make children's brain images normalized to an adult's template image and this can result in some errors. So this study created the children's mean MR images based on the Magnetic Resonance Images of 36 normal children (age: 2~6, average age: 4.36, SD age: 1.41, M/F: 17/19), and the children's mean SPECT images by using SPECT images of 13 normal children (age: 2~6, average age: 4.80, SD age: 1.17, M/F: 10/3). We created the Korean children's brain template image, based on those mean images, and then we compared between the positions of the clusters, based on the blood flow, by normalizing ADHD children's SPECT image to Korean children's template image and SPM adult's template image. As a result of the analysis, the variation of the cluster positions was found to be a maximum of 25 ㎜. Therefore, we should be aware that we need to consider the template image and the p-value when we analyze the chlidren's brain image by using SPM.

  • PDF

Research on Perfusion CT in Rabbit Brain Tumor Model (토끼 뇌종양 모델에서의 관류 CT 영상에 관한 연구)

  • Ha, Bon-Chul;Kwak, Byung-Kook;Jung, Ji-Sung;Lim, Cheong-Hwan;Jung, Hong-Ryang
    • Journal of radiological science and technology
    • /
    • v.35 no.2
    • /
    • pp.165-172
    • /
    • 2012
  • We investigated the vascular characteristics of tumors and normal tissue using perfusion CT in the rabbit brain tumor model. The VX2 carcinoma concentration of $1{\times}10^7$ cells/ml(0.1ml) was implanted in the brain of nine New Zealand white rabbits (weight: 2.4kg-3.0kg, mean: 2.6kg). The perfusion CT was scanned when the tumors were grown up to 5mm. The tumor volume and perfusion value were quantitatively analyzed by using commercial workstation (advantage windows workstation, AW, version 4.2, GE, USA). The mean volume of implanted tumors was $316{\pm}181mm^3$, and the biggest and smallest volumes of tumor were 497 $mm^3$ and 195 $mm^3$, respectively. All the implanted tumors in rabbits are single-nodular tumors, and intracranial metastasis was not observed. In the perfusion CT, cerebral blood volume (CBV) were $74.40{\pm}9.63$, $16.08{\pm}0.64$, $15.24{\pm}3.23$ ml/100g in the tumor core, ipsilateral normal brain, and contralateral normal brain, respectively ($p{\leqq}0.05$). In the cerebral blood flow (CBF), there were significant differences between the tumor core and both normal brains ($p{\leqq}0.05$), but no significant differences between ipsilateral and contralateral normal brains ($962.91{\pm}75.96$ vs. $357.82{\pm}12.82$ vs. $323.19{\pm}83.24$ ml/100g/min). In the mean transit time (MTT), there were significant differences between the tumor core and both normal brains ($p{\leqq}0.05$), but no significant differences between ipsilateral and contralateral normal brains ($4.37{\pm}0.19$ vs. $3.02{\pm}0.41$ vs. $2.86{\pm}0.22$ sec). In the permeability surface (PS), there were significant differences among the tumor core, ipsilateral and contralateral normal brains ($47.23{\pm}25.45$ vs. $14.54{\pm}1.60$ vs. $6.81{\pm}4.20$ ml/100g/min)($p{\leqq}0.05$). In the time to peak (TTP) were no significant differences among the tumor core, ipsilateral and contralateral normal brains. In the positive enhancement integral (PEI), there were significant differences among the tumor core, ipsilateral and contralateral brains ($61.56{\pm}16.07$ vs. $12.58{\pm}2.61$ vs. $8.26{\pm}5.55$ ml/100g). ($p{\leqq}0.05$). In the maximum slope of increase (MSI), there were significant differences between the tumor core and both normal brain($p{\leqq}0.05$), but no significant differences between ipsilateral and contralateral normal brains ($13.18{\pm}2.81$ vs. $6.99{\pm}1.73$ vs. $6.41{\pm}1.39$ HU/sec). Additionally, in the maximum slope of decrease (MSD), there were significant differences between the tumor core and contralateral normal brain($p{\leqq}0.05$), but no significant differences between the tumor core and ipsilateral normal brain($4.02{\pm}1.37$ vs. $4.66{\pm}0.83$ vs. $6.47{\pm}1.53$ HU/sec). In conclusion, the VX2 tumors were implanted in the rabbit brain successfully, and stereotactic inoculation method make single-nodular type of tumor that was no metastasis in intracranial, suitable for comparative study between tumors and normal tissues. Therefore, perfusion CT would be a useful diagnostic tool capable of reflecting the vascularity of the tumors.

Efficacy Assessment of Endovascular Stenting in Patients with Unilateral Middle Cerebral Artery Stenosis Using Statistical Probabilistic Anatomical Mapping Analysis of Basal/Acetazolamide Brain Perfusion SPECT (기저/아세타졸아미드 국소뇌혈류 SPECT의 확률 뇌지도 분석을 이용한 일측 중대뇌동맥 협착환자에서 시행한 스텐트 삽입술의 효용성 평가)

  • Kim, Hae-Won;Won, Kyoung-Sook;Zeon, Seok-Kil;Lee, Chang-Young
    • Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
    • /
    • v.43 no.4
    • /
    • pp.280-286
    • /
    • 2009
  • Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the hemodynamic changes after endovascular stenting in patients with unilateral middle cerebral artery (MCA) stenosis using statistical probabilistic anatomical mapping (SPAM) analysis of basal/acetazolamide (ACZ) Tc-99m ECD brain perfusion SPECT. Materials and Methods: Eight patients (3 men and 5 women, 64.8$\pm$10.5 years) who underwent endovascular stenting for unilateral MCA stenosis were enrolled. Basal/ACZ Tc-99m ECD brain perfusion SPECT studies were performed by one-day protocol before and after stenting. Using SPAM analysis, we compared basal cerebral perfusion (BCP) counts and cerebrovascular reserve (CVR) index of the MCA territory before stenting with those after stenting. Results: After stenting, no patient had any complication nor additional stroke. In SPAM analysis, 7 out of the 8 patients had improved BCP counts of the MCA territory and 7 out of the 8 patients had improved CVR index of the MCA territory after stenting. Before stenting, the mean BCP counts and CVR index in the affected MCA territory were 47.1$\pm$2.2 ml/min/100 g and -2.1$\pm$2.9%, respectively. After stenting, the mean BCP counts and CVR index in the affected MCA territory were improved significantly (48.3$\pm$2.9 ml/min/100 g, p =0.025 and 0.1$\pm$1.3%, p =0.036). Conclusion: This study revealed that SPAM analysis of basal/ACZ brain perfusion SPEG would be helpful to evaluate hemodynamic efficacy of endovascular stenting in unilateral MCA stenosis.

The Effect of Leukoaraiosis on the Severity and Course of Delirium (백질변성이 섬망의 심각도 및 경과에 미치는 영향)

  • Choi, Won-Jung;Seok, Jeong-Ho;Oh, Seung-Taek;Chung, Tae-Sub;Kim, Jae-Jin
    • Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
    • /
    • v.26 no.2
    • /
    • pp.194-200
    • /
    • 2018
  • Objectives : The significance of leukoaraiosis on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is uncertain, but it is often seen with vascular risk factors or in the context of cognitive impairment. We aimed to investigate the effect of leukoaraiosis on the severity and course of delirium. Methods : Periventricular hyperintensity and deep white matter hyperintensity on brain MRI were rated in 42 patients with delirium by semiquantative visual rating scale. Correlations between their grades and the scores of Korean version of Delirium Rating Scale-Revised-98 (K-DRS-R-98) were analyzed, and the interaction effects between the groups according to the levels of leukoaraiosis and two evaluation points were also analyzed. Results : The grade of deep white matter hyperintensity in the occipital lobe was positively correlated with the scores on the total, severity items, cognitive items, and non-cognitive items of K-DRS-R-98. The cognitive items scores of K-DRS-R-98 in the low grade group of periventricular hyperintensity showed significantly steeper decrease than the high grade group. Conclusions : A difference in severity or recovery speed of delirium according to the level of leukoaraiosis may result from disruption in brain functional connectivity. Our results have a clinical implication in that the severity and course of delirium can be possibly predicted using the level of leukoaraiosis.

Investigating the Role of Microglia in Maternal Immune Activation in Rodent Models (모체 면역 활성화 유도 설치류 모델에서 미세아교세포의 역할 조사)

  • Hyunju Kim
    • Journal of Life Science
    • /
    • v.33 no.5
    • /
    • pp.429-435
    • /
    • 2023
  • Epidemiological studies suggest that maternal infection, maternal stress, and environmental risk factors during pregnancy increase the risk of brain development abnormalities associated with cognitive impairment in the offspring and increase susceptibility to schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder. Several animal models have demonstrated that maternal immune activation (MIA) is sufficient to induce abnormal brain development and behavioral defects in the fetus. When polyinosine:polycytodylic acid (poly I:C) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which is commonly used in maternal immune activation animal models, was introduced into a pregnant dam, an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines and microglial activity was observed in the offspring's brain. Microglia are brain-resident immune cells that play a mediating role in the central nervous system, and they are responsible for various functions, such as phagocytosis, synapse formation and branching, and angiogenesis. Several studies have reported that microglia are activated in MIA offspring and influence offspring behavior through interactions with various cytokines. In addition, it has been reported that they play an important role in brain circuits through interactions with neurons and astrocytes. However, there is controversy concerning whether microglia are essential to brain development or lead to behavioral defects, and the exact mechanism remains unknown. Therefore, for the potential diagnosis and treatment of brain developmental disorders, a functional study of microglia should be conducted using MIA animal models.

Design of Intelligent Information Processing Module (지능형 정보처리 모듈 설계)

  • 김종수;김성주;김성현;김용민;전홍태
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
    • /
    • 2004.10a
    • /
    • pp.409-414
    • /
    • 2004
  • 생물학적 뇌 정보처리 메커니즘을 보다 정확하게 구현할 수 있는 시스템은 입력에 대한 정확한 인지 능력, 상황 판단 능력, 학습 및 추론 능력, 출력의 결정 능력 등의 성능 구현은 물론이며, 감정과 비교될 수 있는 시스템의 상태를 평가하여 판단 및 결정에 적용함으로써 매우 뛰어난 지능형 시스템이 될 수 있다. 공학적인 의미에서 살펴본다면 정보 처리 과정을 입력의 처리, 정보의 전달, 제어 입력의 결정에 대한 의미로 정의할 수 있지만 생물학적으로 입력을 분석하고 정보를 처리 및 전달하며 출력을 제어하는 모델인 두뇌의 정보처리 메커니즘에 비교한다면 현재의 공학적인 정보처리 방식 및 제어기의 성능은 극히 미약한 수준이라고 할 수 있다. 이런 이유에서 최근 많은 공학자들은 생물학적인 뇌의 정보처리 개념에 대한 규명을 시도하고 있으며, 실제 공학적인 모델로 개발하여 설명하고 구현하는 연구를 진행하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 생물학적인 두뇌의 정보처리 메커니즘을 해석하고 공학적인 개념의 정립과 정보처리 흐름을 규명하고 정의함으로써 출력에 반영할 수 있는 모듈을 설계하고자 한다. 본 논문에서 제안된 모듈은 공학적인 분야는 물론 생물학적 뇌 연구에도 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

  • PDF

Dissociation of the semantic and syntactic processing reflected on fMRI in Korean sentences (기능적 자기공명영상에 나타난 한글 의미.통사 문장 처리의 해리)

  • 이홍재;이동훈;남기춘;이은정;문찬홍;유재옥;나동규
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society for Cognitive Science Conference
    • /
    • 2000.06a
    • /
    • pp.405-410
    • /
    • 2000
  • 본 연구에서는 기능적 자기공명영상을 이용하여 한글 문장의 의미와 통사 처리에 관한 뇌의 활성화 양상을 비교함으로써 한글문장 이해의 과정에 대한 신경해부학적 증거를 찾고자하였다. 6명의 자원자를 대상으로 문장진위판다과제를 이용하여 활성화를 유도하였다. 1.5T 초전도 자기공명영상 장치에서 EPI로 BOLD 기법을 이용하여 기능적 영상을 얻었으며, 영상 후 처리는 SPM99 분석 프로그램을 이용하였다. 의미관련·통사관련 문장 모두 좌·우 전두회(frontal gyrus) 영역에서 활성화되었다. 의미와 통사처리 영역을 구분하기 위하여 감산법을 적용한 결과, 의미처리는 좌반구의 중측두회(middle temporal gyrus) 영역에서, 통사처리는 우반구의 하전두회(BA44) 부위에서 더 많이 활성화되었다. 의미처리에서 더 우세한 성향을 띠는 부위로 밝혀진 중측두회 영역은 의미처리시에 활성화되는 영역으로 보고하는 기존의 연구와 일치하는 결과이다. 의미와 통사 문장처리시의 뇌 활성화 양상은 뇌의 여러 영역에서 중첩되어 있기는 하지만, 특정영역에서의 차이를 보이고 있으므로, 의미와 통사처리기는 다른 기전(mechanism)에 의해서 일어남을 시사해 준다.

  • PDF

뇌혈관의 혈류예비력 시뮬레이션 연구

  • Ryu, A-Jin;Lee, Gyeong-Eun;Bang, Hyeon-Gi;Lee, Jong-Ho;Park, Seon-Yeol;Sim, Eun-Bo
    • Proceeding of EDISON Challenge
    • /
    • 2017.03a
    • /
    • pp.631-634
    • /
    • 2017
  • 뇌혈관은 평상시 뇌조직의 필요량보다 더 많은 혈류를 수송할 능력을 가지고 있는데 이를 뇌혈관 혈류예비력이라 한다. 뇌혈관이 특정한 요인에 의해 협착이 생기면 뇌관류압이 감소하는데 이를 보상하기 위해 뇌세동맥의 내경을 확장시켜 뇌혈류를 유지하도록 하는 것이다. 따라서 예비력이 낮은 사람일 경우 협착으로 인해 혈관 내경이 좁아져 있다면 운동이나 스트레스 상황에서 뇌졸증 내지 뇌허혈의 위험이 증가된다. 따라서 본 연구팀은 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션을 통해 뇌혈관 협착으로 인한 예비능 감소를 예측하였다. 이를 위해 환자의 MRA 영상 이미지를 영역화하여 3차원 격자를 생성하였으며 생성된 환자 맞춤 모델을 대상으로 전산유체해석을 진행하였다. 그리고 가상 협착을 모델에 적용하여 뇌혈관 협착률과 예비능의 관계를 분석했다.

  • PDF

Neuroscience based human resource management at Midas IT Co._A case study (마이다스아이티의 뇌과학 기반 인적자원 관리 사례 연구)

  • Lee, Jee-Hoon
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
    • /
    • v.21 no.5
    • /
    • pp.240-248
    • /
    • 2020
  • Over the past 20 years, brain science has developed rapidly thanks to new technologies such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), leading to more accurate knowledge of human nature and behavioral changes. This knowledge is also actively applied in the field of management. This research aimed to gain insights into how neuroscience can be incorporated into management through the case of Midas IT Co. This construction software company has a separate organization with the purpose of studying brain science, and it makes and implements human resource management policies based on brain science. The founder Lee Hyung-woo has a humanist management philosophy, and the company's brain science research supports that philosophy. The case study method was adopted as the research method, and procedures such as interviews and direct observation, participation observation, and document information were carried out. The company's human resource management system can be explained by a brain science model called "SCARF", which combines various neuroscience discoveries. As this model suggests, the company has improved the trust and satisfaction of its members by reducing threat of status and by increasing certainty, autonomy, relationship, and fairness in the workplace, resulting in the creation of a platform for creativity, integrity, and high performance.