• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.113-121
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• 2005

Consumer protection and prevention of foodborne diseases are essential elements of food safety program for every country The food safety program proposed by WHO was introduced and the importance of GAP in establishing residue limits of intentional additives in food production was emphasized. The procedures and differences in establishing maximum residue limits of pesticides on food crops by Codex Alimentarius Commission and Korea were explained. Finally, considerations in harmonization of Korean standards with Codex MRLs were suggested.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.275-283
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• 2017

We inspected contaminations of pesticides in the 3,313 crop samples grown under the standard of Korean Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) between 2014 to 2016 May. According to our inspection, violations by unregistered pesticide contaminations far outweighed those by exceeding maximum residue limits. Most of the crops contaminated with unregistered pesticides were minor vegetable crops, for which far less pesticide products are registered compared to cereal grains and fruits. And in our second study, the pesticide in the sprayer was removed 90% or more, but not totally by serial rinses. From this result, it is assumed that pesticide remained in the rinsed sprayer can be carried over to crops unintentionally. Our study shows that supplying pesticide products evenly to all kinds of crops and allowing unintentional carry-over of unregistered pesticides to a certain extent are solutions to revitalize depressed Korean Good Agricultural Practices.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.271-282
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• 2013

This is the result of pesticide residue monitoring certified Good Agricultural Practice (GAP) by national agricultural cooperative federation (NACF) from 2009 to 2012. NACF evaluated simultaneously 283 pesticide multi-analysis method with GC (ECD, NPD) and HPLC. 6,590 agricultural products were analyzed in this period. As the results 1) detected 20.27% in 2009, 23.42% in 2010, 28.07% in 2011 and finally 31.75% in 2012, respectively. There was the total detected pesticide residue in the agricultural products. The violated ratio of agricultural products were 2.25% in 2009, 1.82% in 2010, 1.67% in 2011 and 3.47% in 2012, respectively. 13 pesticides went over the maximum residue limits (MRLs); carbendazim was the predominant violation. 40 pesticides; endosulfan was the predominant detected pesticide did not registered respectively crops in Korea. Most agricultural products that were under the MRLs met the safety standard, however agricultural products that contain neither registered nor set up MRL any level for example endosulfan in strawberry. Agricultural products that go over the MRLs with permitted pesticides, for example carbendazim in apple, are rejected. Because of these intricacies continual observation and evaluation will be need during GAP agricultural cultivation.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.178-182
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• 2017

Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) is the world's leading quality certification for food safety. Since its introduction in Korea in 2006, its importance has been increasing every year. In particular, food safety issues are becoming increasingly important in society, and food safety is directly linked to health. The core of GAP certification is the traceability of the production, distribution, and consumption of hazardous materials, including pesticide residues, heavy metals, and microbes. In the present study, pesticides and heavy metals in button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) and associated cultivation materials were analyzed. Tricyclozole (0.0144 ppm), flubendiamide (0.147 ppm), and trifloxystrobin (0.0340 ppm) were detected in rice straw and wheat straw, and carbendazim (0.0142 ppm) was detected in mixed wheat straw and rice straw medium. Lead and cadmium were detected at levels higher than the standard level in rice straw and mixed medium. However, lead and cadmium were not detected in mushrooms, and levels of arsenic and mercury were below the safety limit. Therefore, it was confirmed that the residual pesticides and heavy metals are safely managed in the investigated mushroom species. The results of the present study suggest that if these materials are adequately managed in the surroundings during cultivation, all hazardous materials can be managed during mushroom production.

• Life and Agrochemicals
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• s.246
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• pp.24-27
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• 2009

1997년에 '친환경농업육성법'을 제정, 시행하고 2001년부터 친환경 농산물 인증제도를 도입, 운영해 오고 있으나 69%가 저농약농산물로 유기 무농약농산물의 보편화는 이루어 지지 않고 있다. 또 2006년에는 농산물품질관리법에 GAP 제도를 반영시켜 시행, 운영해오고 있으나 인증농산물은 아직 초보단계에 머물고 있는 실정이다.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.220-226
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• 2007

For the analysis of hazard factors and the development of GAP (Good Agricultural Practices) Ginseng, 10 ginseng cultural farms wished certified GAP were selected at Geumsan-gun area, a representative site of ginseng cultivation in Korea. In order to verify the safety of GAP ginseng, possible contamination of pesticide and heavy metal residues, and microbial hazard were analyzed. Soil and water around ginseng cultivation field, and ginseng were investigated. Eighty-one pesticides including carbendazim were used as typical pesticide against plant pathogens and insect pests of ginseng plant and general crops. There was no excess the maximum residue limit (MRL) in residue figure of the soil. Including the residue figure of the arsenic (0.81 ml/kg) and 7 other heavy metals was also suitable to cultivate the ginseng plant. The irrigation water and dilution water for pesticide application were also safety level for GAP. Fresh ginsengs from the farms were sampled and investigated pesticide residues and contaminations of bacteria. Among 23 pesticides tested, we didn't detect any kinds of pesticide residues, but tolclofos-methyl was frequently found in the other ginseng field. On the investigation of microorganism hazards, 2 gram negative bacteria and 1 gram positive bacterium were found in the fresh ginseng. Number of total bacteria was $1.5{\times}10^3$ cfu/ml, which was less than the other agriculture products. At these results, 10 selected ginseng farms were good cultural places for GAP ginseng production and the ginseng cultured from Geumsan-gun area were a good safe far human.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.255-257
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• 2004

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2005

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.440-445
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• 2011

BACKGROUND: This study was conducted to monitor the current status of pesticide residues and to assess their risk in domestic agricultural products. The samples were rice, barley, lettuce and perilla leaf. These four types of agricultural products were those with GAP(Good Agricultural Practice) certification, organic agricultural products, pesticide-free agricultural products or general agricultural products. METHODS AND RESULTS: They were purchased from traditional markets and supermarkets of 12 regions in Korea from July to August 2010. The total number of samples was 259 for agricultural products and these were analyzed by GC/ECD, GC/NPD and GC/MSD. We used multiresidue methods to analyze for 110 different pesticides except for herbicides. CONCLUSION: In this study, residual pesticides were detected in 18 samples. Among these general agricultural products, organic agricultural products and products with GAP-certification were detected in 12, 4 and 2 samples, respectively. Detection rates of general agricultural products, organic agricultural products and products with GAPcertification were 4.6%, 1.5% and 0.8% respectively. Pesticides were not detected in pesticide-free agricultural products. Their detection levels were less than their maximum residue levels. Their estimated daily intakes ranged from 0.0003% to 0.04302% of their acceptable daily intakes, of which the values have no effect on human health.

• Agrochemical news magazine
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• v.25 no.6 s.199
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• pp.14-17
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• 2004