• Proceedings of the Korean System Dynamics Society
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• 2000.02a
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• pp.61-96
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• 2000

“다운사이징은 조직의 기술혁신에 어떠한 영향관계를 형성하면서 순환하는가？” 80년대 미국의 기업들이 다운사이징의 열풍을 건너면서, 90년대에 들어 국내의 기업들도 다운사이징 및 해고에 대한 정당성을 지속적으로 피력해 나갔다. 사회적 거부감의 팽배로 인해 본격적인 실행조치를 취하지는 못하던 중에, IMF 체제로까지 물려나간 기업들은 마침내 본격적으로 다운사이징을 실행 화하기 시작하였다. 기업이 다운사이징을 한다는 것은 해당기업은 물론이고 이해관계자, 정치영역, 사회전반체계 등에 지대한 영향을 미친다. 특히 국민정서가 개인주의가 아닌 공동체의식이 발달해있는 문화권에 속한 우리의 사정에서 그 영향력은 훨씬 더 막대하다. 수많은 논쟁들이 다운사이징의 정당성을 놓고 치열하게 진행되고 있다. 국내의 기업들이 겪고 있는 상황은 구태여 어떠한 자료를 제시하지 않더라도 그 생존에 대한 절실함은 이미 잘 알려져 있다. 한보파동, 기아사태, 대우사태로 연결되고 있는 기업들의 생존문제는 다운사이징의 정당성 문제를 이미 공리 화시키고 있다.(중략)

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.48
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• pp.225-252
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• 2012

In this paper, the writer examined the procedural changes of Zhuzi(朱子)'s theory of ZhongHe(中和), and also investigated the evaluations thereof made by the later generations. In the stage of ZhongHeJiuShuo(中和舊說), Zhuzi(朱子) ignored the theory of Lidong(李?), which was traditional theory argued by DaoNam School(道南學派). He met Zhangshi(張?) of HuXiang School(湖湘學派) and followed the school's philosophy, 'XianChaShiHouHanYang(先察識後涵養)', meaning what you should do first prior to making great efforts in self-cultivation is to examine the past, when desiring to know yourself. Even though Zhuzi(朱子) had learned the method of moral cultivation from Lidong(李?), he was fascinated by such method of moral cultivation as 'XianChaShiHouHanYang(先察識後涵養)' advocated by HuXiang School(湖湘學派) through discussion with Zhangshi(張?). This tells that he only recognized the fact that there were no achievements WeiFa(未發), but only the achievements YiFa(已發). In the stage of ZhongHeXinShuo(中和新說), he realized the mistakes committed in the time of ZhongHeJiuShuo(中和舊說), and put emphasis upon the achievements in the time WeiFa(未發). Zhuzi(朱子) had explained the relationships among mind, nature, and emotional bond as by his theory, 'XinTongXingQing(心統性情)', meaning that mind controls humans' original nature. Also he followed self-cultivation of Respect, no longer believing the Huhong(胡宏)'s XianChaShiHouHanYang(先察識後涵養). Such a method of self-cultivation means that his method of moral cultivation centered on the achievements YiFa(已發), which was originated from HuXiang School(湖湘學派), had been changed into the method of moral cultivation with a focus on the achievements WeiFa(未發), which was theory argued by DaoNam School(道南學派). However, Zhuzi(朱子)'s theory of ZhongHe(中和) that had seemed perfect began to be discussed and polished again during Joseon Period through the debates between Ligu(栗谷) and Niuxi(牛溪) in the 16th century, and through the debates between Youan(尤庵) and Yuxuan(寓軒) in the 17th century, also through the HuLuoLunZheng(湖洛論爭) represented by Nantang(南塘) and Weiyan(巍巖). Since Zhuzi(朱子)'s theory of ZhongHe(中和) had some flaws, it had to put through such debates as mentioned above. Those debates were generated because imperfections were found in the theory of ZhongHe(中和) by Zhuzi(朱子).

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.20 no.3_4
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• pp.175-222
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• 1998

본 논문에서는 우리나라 국방예산 운영의 국민경제적 파급효과에 대한 실증분석에 기초하여 국방예산 규모논쟁에 대한 검토, 지출구조의 개선방안, 그리고 지출구조 개성을 위한 국방부문의 효율화 방향을 제시하였다. 실증분석을 위해 Feder-Ram 2부문-외부효과모형에 기초하여 1970년대 이후 총국방비 운영유지비 방위력개선비 등 3가지의 국방부문 지표를 이용한 실증분석 결과, 방위력개선비가 국민총생산에 대해 유의한 정(正)의 효과를 갖는 것으로 나타났다. 총국방비의 경우 유의성이 없었으며, 운영유지비의 경우 유의한 부(負)의 효과를 갖는 것으로 나타났다. 국방예산 규모논쟁과 관련하여, 최근 GDP 대비 국방비 비중과 안보위협을 고려한 국가군별 비교 등을 통해볼 때, 지금까지의 우리나라 국방비규모의 상대적 비중이 하락하는 추세를 더 이상 기대하기는 어렵다고 보는 것이 현실적인 인식이라고 판단된다. 이제 국방예산 관련 논의의 초점은 상대적 규모를 포함하여 국방예산규모 자체보다는 국방예산의 지출구조와 내역에 맞추어져야 하고, 국방예산 운영의 낭비사례를 방지하고 효율성 투명성을 높여서 적절한 지출구조와 배분내역 방식을 이루는 것이 되어야 한다고 판단된다. 국방예산 지출구조의 개선을 위해서 투자비 성격의 방위력개선비 비중을 높이는 예산구조상의 개선이 매우 중요한 과제이다. 이를 위해 각종 경사경비에 대한 영점기준의 검토작업과 더불어 인력과 장비의 대체, 인력구조의 조정 등을 통해 기술집약형 전력구조를 지향하는 보다 근본적인 구조조정노력이 이루어져야 할 것이다. 미래전 양상에 대비한 군 첨단화의 핵심인 해상방위력 및 항공력 증강 등이 필수적이며, 지상군 위주에서 상대적으로 해 공군 중심의 군 구조로 개선되어야 할 것이다. 구조개선의 완급조절과 군별배분의 수평적 구조개선을 통해서 예산규모의 커다란 증대 압력 없이 추진 할 수 있는 구조개선은 시급히 실현되어야 할 것이며, 구조조정 재원의 상당부분은 군 내부의 낭비사례를 막고 생산성을 획기적으로 제고해서 확보할 수 있어야 할 것이다. 국방예산 운영의 효율성 투명성 제고를 위해서는 군 내부 자원관리기능이 강화되어야 하고, 군조직 운영에 있어서도 민간부문에 상응하는 경영효율성 개념의 과감한 도입이 요구된다. 지금까지의 '국방전력 극대화'를 위한 군인중심의 획일적 폐쇄적 군조직 운영에서 벗어나 조직 인사 예산 운영 전반에 걸친 경영혁신이 이루어져야 한다. 국방부문에 경영효율성 개념을 도입하여 경영혁신을 이루어나가는 주요 정책방향은 일부 기능 조직의 민영화 및 민간위탁의 확대, 민간전문인력의 활용도 제고, 자율적 책임경이 필요한 부문을 대상으로 한 "책임경영사업소(Agency)제도"의 도입 등이다. 또한 유사기능을 갖는 조직과 각군별로 별도로 설립되어 중복되는 기능을 수행하는 기관을 통폐합해야 할 것이다.

• Korea and Global Affairs
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.109-128
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to consider the appearance of the global generation transnational identity and forming process, existence aspect, functional role, and on the actuating mechanism, and etc. The results about the transnational identity of Diaspora and diversity are as follows. First, as to the transnational identity, the emigrants had been being determined by the relation with the accreditation and how type had been deal with one's decision about the self-identify. Second, the individual experience of the emigrant, interaction, and unstable status political support etc. various factors were combined and the diversity of the Diaspora identity showed. Third, the identity concept had been performing the function in the more expanded meaning called the nation and nation through the continuous meaning expansion than the individual as the national ideology. Fourth, the transnational identity of Korean-Chinese was specialized into the nation identity, double identity, and 'the identity of the third' etc. Fifth, the transnational identity of the Nikkei-Brazilian appeared for Japanese identity, Brazilian identity, and Nikkeijin identity etc. in Japan. In conclusion, the Transnational identity of the Diaspora is reproducing the identity of the emigrant, it suggests through the differentiation in the settlement and exclusion.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.5-30
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• 2005

This article attempts to restructurize the current arguments on how to change the method of financing child care programme, which is currently under discussion in Korea. There has been a series of changes in Korean child care policy, such as the amendment of Child Care Act, the transition of its responsible administrations, adoption the child care policy as a national agenda. In these changes, new needs for child care financing method comes out with a new direction of child care policy and a plan of expansion of finances. That's the transition from 'facility-centered subsidy' to 'child-centered subsidy'. This article redefine it as the arguments about 'supply-side subsidy' vs. 'demand-side subsidy'. To analyse the different traits of two branches of arguments, this article reviews the social welfare models, and has come to the conclusion that the Burchardt's model is appropriate to explain the financing debates. Thus, the analysis the traits of the two perspectives is based on three dimensions i. e. service provision, financing and decision making according to the Burchardt's model. This also examines how the two sides is connected to the discussion of publicity and quality improvement of child care service. Through this approaches and analysis, this helps us restructurize the debates on the method of financing from the present superficial arguments.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.45-105
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• 2016

The purposes of this study is to debate the duty to share and right to be forgotten of human materials and human genome information in modern personalized medicine. This study debates the use of human materials and human genome information in modern personalized medicine from the perspectives of the duty to share and right to be forgotten. The arguments are based on personal and community aspects. In general, human genome information is considered the personal property of an individual. Nevertheless, on thinking carefully, we can understand that human materials and human genome information have both personal and community aspects. In this study, cases are examined including a HeLa cell, Guaymi woman cell strain, and Hagahai man cell, to support various debates an genetic information for database construction in personalized medicine. Finally, using moral theories, this study attempts to synthesize the dialectics of the duty to share and right to forget regarding the use of human materials and human genome information in medicine.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• v.116
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• pp.33-58
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• 2010

Der Antisemitismusstreit in der Philosophie Heideggers kann als ein Streit um seine politische Theologie bezeichnet werden. Fast alle Epigonen Heideggers haben seine Teilnahme an Nazi-Bewegung anerkannt, aber seine antisemitische Haltung verneint. Farias und Faye haben dagegen so behauptet, $da{\ss}$ seine antisemitische Haltung bzw. rassistische Tendenz in seiner ganzen Vorlesungen und Werken gefunden werden $k{\ddot{o}}nnen$. Insbesonders nationalsozialistische bzw. antisemitische Tendenz Heideggers kann als die Stoffe der politischen Theologie im Horizont der seinen eigentlichen $Faktizit{\ddot{a}}t$ gekennzeichnet werden. Die gesamten Vorlesungen und Schriften Heideggers sind seine eigene Gedanken, welche durch keinen ${\ddot{a}}u{\ss}eren$ Zwang $durchgef{\ddot{u}}hrt$ werden. Heideggers Antisemitismus ist ja in diesem Sinne eine $tats{\ddot{a}}chliche$ $Faktizit{\ddot{a}}t$. Aber das ist kein ideologischen Wahnsystem der Nationalsozialisten, sondern eine Art des kulturellen Antisemitismus. Heidegger glaubte damit, die Erde und den Blut deutschen Volkes in der reinsten Weise aufzubewahren durch die Auferstehung des geistigen, geschichtlichen deutschen Daseins. Der rassistische, antisemitische Verdacht zur Heideggerschen Philosophie soll nur in diesem Denkshorizont kritisch interpretiert werden. Damit kann und soll Heideggers rassistische, antisemitische Haltung mit der Nationalsozialisten, welche die Vernichtung der Juden historisch und philosophisch zu legitimieren versucht, unterschiden werden.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.233-248
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• 2019

This study shows that the Argovian Cantonal School in Aarau, Switzerland, which Albert Einstein attended from 1895 to 1896, had been closely related to the ideological education controversy in German Gymnasium throughout the 19th century. Due to this controversy, Einstein hardly received a formal science education in Bavaria. Despite the lack of formal education in Germany, he had a habit of self-studying from an early age and continued with this practice all through his life. He had a hard time at the authoritarian school in Munich, but at the democratic school in Aarau, where freedom and autonomy were secured, he was able to achieve emotional stability. For a long time, the city Aarau prevailed as a location of tolerance and multi-culturalism, without religious, regional, and national discrimination. This was possible due to the influence of external and unrestricted social mobility, as well as the Enlightenment from France. As a result, this small public school was able to acquire a mass of qualified human resources from outside of Switzerland. As a consequence of the controversy regarding the educational ideology, the Cantonal School adopted practical thoughts and the Enlightenment that fit the spirit of the times. The school consisted of two independent educational organizations: the Gymnasium, where the 'neuhumanistsch' education for the elite training was conducted, and the 'Gewerbeschule', where a more realistic education system was set up to suit the citizen life. In particular, after 1835, the Gymnasium changed gradually from the pure humanistic education to the 'utraquistisch' ways by introducing practical subjects such as natural history. Thereafter, the Cantonal School became an institution that was able to achieve a genuine humanity, academic, and civic life education. Einstein, who attended the 'technische Abteilung' of the 'Gewerbeschule,' considered this school as a role model of an institution that realized true democracy, and that left an unforgettable impression on him.

• Journal of Satellite, Information and Communications
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.71-78
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• 2017

A network neutrality is the concept that ISP assures users non-discrimination, interconnection, accessibility for ensuring users without control or interference of equal services in the network. But today a network traffic is growing rapidly in sensitive buffering services as P2P service diffusion and mass video stream service. To manage this problem, ISP violates a net neutrality by control, change and interfere with service. And then the debate about net neutrality is happening. Therefore in this paper, we compare and analyze net neutrality principles, concepts, and legislative policy in the native and foreign. Based on this, we suggested the issues and improvement plan of net neutrality guard line.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.65 no.2
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• pp.103-130
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• 2013

Although both ecosystem theory and empowerment have become the most prevalent candidate for integrated paradigm for social welfare practices, they could not overcome completely the long-standing and sharp divides between micro and macro practices, that is, between subject and structure as a main explanatory element in social welfare realm. Along with such traditional dualism and tension, a new emerging divide between modernism and postmodernism regarding intrinsic mission and roles of social welfare has urged strongly to develop the overarching theoretical framework for social welfare practice. In this regard, this study aims to recast the ecosystem theory and empowerment through the reflexive modernization theory of critical sociologist Anthony Giddens. With relatively strong emphasis on human capability coined as the reflexivity, Giddens's own creative theory of modernization can be thoroughly expected to provide a solid foundation of integrated paradigm enough to bridge the existing dualisms in social welfare theory and practice. Especially, his unique account of integrated way of how human agency is involved in the construction of social structure and how to transform each other recursively has profound implication for empowerment to be adequate and proper comprehensive framework for social welfare practice.