• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.25-45
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• 2020

The primary purpose of this study is to compare and analyze the performance of local spatial autocorrelation techniques in identifying spatial distribution patterns of green spaces. To achieve the objective, this researcher uses satellite image analysis and spatial autocorrelation techniques. The result of the study shows that the LISA cluster map with the spatial outlier cluster is superior to other analytical methods in identifying the spatial distribution pattern of urban green space. This study can contribute to the related fields in that it uses several different research methods than the existing ones. Despite this differentiation and usefulness, this study has limitations in using low-resolution satellite imagery and NDVI among vegetation indices in identifying spatial distribution patterns of green areas. These limitations may be overcome in future studies by using UAV images or by simultaneously using several vegetation indices.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.177-179
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• 2003

기존 자연녹지인 앞산, 금호강/낙동강, 와룡산과 대상지내 산재해 있는 공원녹지를 연결하여 환상형(環狀形)의 그린네트워크를 형성하였다. 그린네트워크 조성에 따른 기존 자연녹지와 공원녹지 사이의 연계 방안으로 도시내 오픈스페이스인 학교용지를 선택하고 이를 연결하는 방안을 제시하였다 공원녹지의 위치상 1면이상이 도로와 접하고 있어 이를 연계하기 위한 가로공간의 녹화를 추진하여 녹지축을 연결하는 방안을 제시하였다. 또한, 도시내 자연녹지 중 도시하천의 역할을 분석하여 본 결과, 대상지내 그린네트워크를 조성하기 위해서는 하천변을 녹화하는 계획을 추진하여야할 것으로 사료된다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture Conference
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• 2023.10a
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• pp.8-9
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• 2023

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.80-89
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• 2014

This study of the school's outdoor space for relaxing and activity of the two most numerous students, high heat and low heat with a green space, playground targets of thermal comfort indicators UTCI, PMV, WBGT using the thermal comfort students feeling compare the analyzed. The destination of this study, school facilities of Nam-gu, Namdong- gu, Incheon were studied and the investigation period was conducted from July to August. List of measurement, in the case of thermal comfort indicators, UTCI, PMV, WBGT was measured in the case of green, ratio of green coverage and GVZ was measured. GVZ analysis were as follows: A school ($4.71m^3/m^2$) B school ($3.34m^3/m^2$) C school ($0.38m^3/m^2$). Comparative analysis of the results of thermal comfort indicators by schools, UTCI was Green space $26.15{\sim}31.38^{\circ}C$ and playground $40.66{\sim}42.94^{\circ}C$, PMV values were 1.76 to 2.66 as a green space. WBGT was Green space $26.15{\sim}31.38^{\circ}C$, playground $31.67{\sim}34.53^{\circ}C$. Comparative analysis of the results of thermal comfort indicators UTCI, PMV, WBGT all A school, B school, C school, on the green space was comfortable levels more than playground. The results of the school type thermal comfort and green correlation analysis of thermal comfort UTCI, PMV, WBGT all solar radiation, globe temperature, and a positive correlation shown solar radiation, globe temperature is not comfortable, the higher was considered. UTCI, PMV, WBGT of thermal comfort indicator all ratio of green coverage, GVZ and negative correlation appears ratio of green coverage, GVZ was increased due to the lowering of the value of thermal comfort indicators was considered to be comfortable.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.176-186
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• 2023

Urban Heat Island (UHI) is caused by an energy imbalance in urban areas, where building design and land cover contribute to its amplification. To mitigate UHI, increasing green space is one of the well known and the most effective approach. This study aims aimed to identify specific components of green spaces that lower temperatures and demonstrate the cooling effects based on their size and composition. Forests within green spaces have had a greater impact on temperature reduction due to shading and blocking solar radiation. Although lakes also contributed to temperature reduction, the effect to cooling intensity was not significant. The cooling distance does not depended on green space size or composition. The study emphasizes that initial temperature has a strongerinfluence on cooling intensity than green space size, highlighting the importance of vegetation type within green spaces to achieve a cooling effect. These findings provide valuable insights for urban planning and the design of green spaces to mitigate the effects of the urban heat island.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.101-112
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• 2021

In Korea, efforts have been made continuously to improve the environment of traditional markets concerning the issues of urban regeneration. In particular, many old cities and traditional markets face a lack of parking spaces. As a solution to this, attempts are being made to prepare underground parking spaces by designing urban planning facilities in three-dimensional ways and utilizing the upper part as a more meaningful space. This study is about the master plan to use the upper green area while creating an underground parking lot at 571 Sinmae-dong, Suseong-gu, Daegu. This green area was defined as a space with dual values, 'defensive green space' that needs to be ecologically protected, and 'active cultural space' where walking flows to the market and various events are concentrated. Three specific design strategies to balance these values were presented. First, to prevent indiscriminate occupation and damage by people and maintain a healthy green environment, securing the maximum amount of undivided green space in the site was suggested. Second, a space layout and a topography and planting patterns that can overcome the morphological characteristics of narrow and long-shaped sites enable the experience of abundant green spaces. Third, providing space to strengthen the connections with nearby urban facilities such as Sinmae Market and Gosan Library can also intensively accommodate cultural activities in various cities. This study has academic significance in providing implications for urban regeneration projects with similar contexts in the future.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.136-150
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• 2017

This study analyzed the spatial change of urban green spaces in Daegu from 1989 to 2009 using cell based spatial metrics. To do so, the conversion process of land covers during the past 20 years was explored using a land cover change detection matrix. The synoptic analysis with a moving window sampling strategy was conducted to quantify cell based spatial metrics related to size, shape, cohesion, and diversity and to explain the spatial change at the local level. Difference maps were then generated by subtracting the 1989 maps of spatial metrics from the 1998 maps and the 1998 maps from the 2009 maps. The gradient analysis was performed to identify the directional change of spatial metrics along an urban development axis in Daegu. The results from this study show that urban green spaces in Daegu during the past 20 years have been gradually fragmented around the new town housing development districts such as Dalseong-gun, Seongseo, and Ansim. Forests were most prominently fragmented in the Hwawon area while most rapidly in the Chilgok area. Grasslands were largely fragmented in many areas due to the decrease in size and cohesion indices and most fragmented in the Ansim area. The spatial pattern of the decreased and fragmented urban green spaces identified by this study can be used as a base data for establishing the environment-friendly urban development strategy in Daegu.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.8-18
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• 2012

Urban nature plays an important role not only in the improvement of the physical environment but also from the perspective of psychological and social function. In particular, schoolyards as well as the green spaces near school surroundings function as a primary space for urban children to experience nature in Korea, as they spend most of their time at school. In this study, the status of urban green spaces near school surroundings was examined. For the analysis, 185 elementary schools in Seoul were selected and the green spaces within a radius of 300m(defined as 'school zone' in this study) were analyzed using the Rapid Eye multispectral satellite image data. The mean green space ratio of school zone accounts to about 21% with a high variation from 74% to 0.7% and more than half of the school zone have a green space ratio of less than 20%. Schools with a high green space ratio in their school zone are mostly located near urban forests, so forest areas particularly contribute to increase the green space ratio. Furthermore, forest vegetation shows relatively higher vitality than other green spaces located in urbanized areas. In contrast, schools with a low green space ratio in their school zone are mostly situated in high-density residential areas and the green spaces show relatively low vegetation vitality. Except for the urban forest, the majority of urban green spaces in urbanized areas are landscape green facilities in apartment districts. The other types of urban open spaces such as environmentally shaped schoolyards or street parks account only for a very small proportion of school surroundings. Therefore, it is needed to establish countermeasures in the context of urban planning; e.g. to promote the school forest projects preferentially by selecting schools with a extremely low green space ratio in their school zone, to foster roof greening in near surroundings, and to connect schoolyards organically with nearby apartment landscape green facilities as an easily accessible urban open space.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.412-420
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• 2011

This study was conducted to quantitatively analyze the temporal change of green space network at multi-scales from 1975 to 2006 with the application of graph theory in Seoul, Korea. Remarkable change of connectivity was detected in green space networks at the scale ranging from 1,000 ~ 1,600 m during 30 years. Green spaces and their networks have been restoring after 1990 since forest areas had been fragmented in 1975. In 2006, we identified the important core habitat areas that can sustain diverse wildlife species and stepping stones composed of small patches that can link these core habitat areas. Green spaces showed high correlation with the relative importance value of green space connectivity. So, this study could graphically represent green space networks of Seoul City. Green spaces of core areas distributed at the northern and southern boundary, and those of stepping stones possessing the high value of betweenness centrality consisted at the middle, eastern and western boundary. These results indicate that green space network can be graphically and quantitatively explained by degree centrality, betweenness centrality and relative importance value of connectivity with the application of graph theory.

• Landscaping Tree
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• v.37 no.3_4
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• pp.33-36
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• 1997