• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.729-735
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• 2005

In this study, external condensation heat transfer coefficients (HTCs) were measured on a horizontal smooth tube at the saturated vapor temperature of $30^{\circ}C,\;39{\circ}C,\;and\;50^{\circ}C$ for R22, R410A, R407C, and R134a with the wall subcooling of $3\~8^{\circ}C$. The HTCs of all refrigerants are the highest at $30^{\circ}C,\;39{\circ}C,\;and\;50^{\circ}C$ in order. This trend is due to its excellent thermodynamic properties of the liquid phase. The measured data of HTCs were compared with the calculated ones by Nusselt's equation for a smooth tube. Measured HTCs of R22, R134a, R410A are $4.2\~7.5\%$ higher than prediction respectively while those of R407C are $15.6\~28.9\%$ lower than the prediction.

• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.340-345
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• 2008

A computer program, which simulates the parall flow evaporator was developed. The program was having used to simulate the sample $650\;mm{\times}190\;mm$ frontal area, 25 mm flow depth and 3.0 mm fin pitch. It was shown that the cooling capacity of 3kW could be available from the sample. The present model, however, does not consider refrigerant mal-distribution in each pass, which is known to reduce the cooling capacity of the parallel flow heat exchanger.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2000.04b
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• pp.304-310
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• 2000

The experimental study has been conducted on heat transfer characteristics of the plate heat exchangers(PHE) by several researchers. However most of all were focused on a gasket-type plate heat exchanger. Therefore further studies are need for a brazed-type. In the present study, a brazed type plate heat exchanger was tested at a chevron angle of $70^{\circ},\;55^{\circ}$ and $45^{\circ}$ with R-22 and R-410A. Condensation temperatures were $24.5^{\circ}C$, and mass flux was ranged from 35 to $60kg/m^2s$. The inlet and exit conditions are in a superheated vapor and subcooled liquid, respectively. The heat transfer coefficient increased with the chevron angle. The heat transfer coefficient of R-22 was lamer than that of R-410A for all chevron angles.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.384-390
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• 1999

A vibrating U-Tube decimeter has been evaluated as a sensor for measuring the concentration of oil in the liquid line of a refrigeration system. Calibration and performance tests were conducted under simulated liquid-line conditions for R-407C/POE oil and R-410A/POE oil mixtures in oil concentration from 0 to 15 weight percent. Test temperatures ranged from 20 to 5$0^{\circ}C$. As a result of test, oil concentration correlations are presented in terms of specific gravity at each constant temperature. These equations enable to predict the oil concentration without any extraction of the mixture, and can be applied for R-407C/POE oil and R-410A/POE oil mixtures.

• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.533-538
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• 2009

The present study has been conducted to an analysis of two stage refrigeration cycle with alternative refrigerant R410A. In the analysis, single stage cycle (R22 and R410A) compared to COP changing with supercooling degree. Secondly, two stage refrigeration cycle is investigated to the existence of intercooler or supercooler. At results, supercooler contributes to the increase of cooling capacity and the decrease of COP.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.25 no.9
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• pp.1245-1252
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• 2001

The condensation pressure drop for pure refrigerants R-22, R-134a, and a binary refrigerant mixture R-410A flowing in a small diameter tube was investigated. The test section is a counterflow heat exchanger with refrigerant flowing in the inner tube and coolant flowing in the annulus. The test section consists of 1220 [mm] length with horizontal copper tube of 3.38 [mm] outer diameter and 1.77 [mm] inner diameter. The refrigerant mass fluxes ranged from 450 to 1050 [kg/(㎡$.$s)] and the average inlet and outlet qualities were 0.05 and 0.95, respectively. The main experimental results were summarized as follows : In the case of single-phase flow, the pressure drop of R-134a is much higher than that of R-22 and R-410A for the same Reynolds number. The friction factors for small diameter tubes are higher than those predicted by Blasius equation. In the case of two-phase flow, the pressure drop increases with increasing mass flux and decreasing quality. The pressure drop of R-134a is much higher than that of R-22 and R-410A for the same mass flux. Most of correlations proposed in the large diameter tube showed enormous deviations with experimental data. However, the correlation predicted by Honda et al showed relatively good agreement with experimental data for R-134.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.369-375
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• 2019

Air conditioners adopting high energy efficiency and low global warming potential (GWP) refrigerant are being developed globally. In case of commercial air conditioner, R32 with lower GWP than R410A is attracting industrial attentions. In this study, the performance of water-to-water geothermal heat pump adopting R32 is compared with that of the heat pump using R410A. By using R32 instead of R410A, heating capacity and COP in heating standard condition can be increased by 8.8% and 6.3% respectively. Also, cooling capacity and COP in cooling standard condition can be increased by 5.3% and 3.1% respectively by using R32. But in case of using R32, systemic improvements are required to decrease discharge temperature of compressor since discharge temperature rises abnormally in heating operations.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.649-658
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• 2005

Flow condensation heat transfer coefficients (HTCs) of R22, R410, Propane (R290) were measured inside a horizontal 9 hole aluminum multi-channel flat tube. The main test section in the refrigerant loop was made of a 0.53m long multi-channel flat tube of hydraulic diameter of 1.4 mm. Refrigerant was cooled by passing cold water through an annulus surrounding the test section. Data were obtained in qualities of $0.1\~0.9$ at mass flux of $200\~400kg/m^2s$ and heat flux of $7.3\~7.7kW/m^2$ at the saturation temperature of $40^{\circ}C$. All popular heat transfer correlations in single-phase subcooled liquid flow and flow condensation originally developed for large single tubes predicted the present data of the multi channel flat tube within $25\%$ deviation when effective heat transfer area was used in determining experimental data. This suggests that there is little change in flow characteristics and patterns when the tube diameter is reduced down to 1.4 mm diameter range. Hence, a modified correlation based on the present data was proposed which could be applied to small diameter tubes with effective heat transfer area. The correlation showed a mean deviation of less than $20\%$ for all data.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.1049-1059
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• 2003

R410A is considered as an alternative refrigerant to R22 for air conditioners. An experimental investigation was made to study the characteristics of the heat transfer and pressure drop for R410A flowing in a fin-and-tube heat exchanger used for commercial air-conditioning units. Experiments were carried out under the conditions of inlet refrigerant temperature of 6$0^{\circ}C$ and refrigerant mass flux varying from 150 to 250 kg/$m^2$s for refrigerant side. The inlet air has dry bulb temperature of 35$^{\circ}C$, relative humidity of 40% and air velocity varying from 0.68 to 1.6 m/s. Experiments show that air velocity decreased by 16% is needed for R410A than that of R22 for subcooling temperature of 5$^{\circ}C$, which resulted in air-side pressure drop decrease of 15% for R410A as compared to R22. As a consequence, in order to provide the same design condition of a condenser, the fan requires lower electric-power consumption with R410A than that with R22.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.10 no.12
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• pp.3546-3552
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• 2009

In this study, an analysis code was created for a 190*650*25-mm (W*H*D) parallel-flow evaporator, and research was done on how to increase the heat transfer rate of aluminum PF heat exchanger for application in IDU. After varying the R410A refrigerant up-down flow to two and three passes and the distribution ratio to 1:1:1 and 1:2:2, it was determined that the two-pass flow has a 30% higher partial heat transfer rate and a 25% lower heat transfer coefficient compared to the three-pass flow. As for the distribution ratios of the three-pass flow, 1:1:1 was found to have a lower refrigerant pressure loss than 1:2:2 distribution. It was assumed, though, that the refrigerant distribution had a uniform flow and that its value was thus overestimated in the actual case of maldistribution in each pass.