• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.660-664
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• 2003

The exposure dose form recycling on a large amount of the steel scrap from the KRR-1&2 decommissioning activities was evaluated, and also the clearance level was derived. The maximum individual dose and collective dose were evaluated by modifying internal dose conversion factor which was based on the concept of effective dose in ICRP 60, applied to the RESRAD-RECYCLE ver 3.06 computing code, IAEA Safety Series III-P-1.1 and NUREG-1640 as the assessment tool. The result of assessment for individual dose and collective dose is 23.9 ${\mu}Sv$ per year and 0.11 man$\cdot$Sv per year respectively. The clearance levels were ultimately determined by extracting the most conservative value form the results of the generic assessment and specific assessment methodologies. The result of clearance level for radionuclides($Co^60$, $Cs^137$) is less than $1.67{\times}10^{-1}$ Bq/g to comply with the clearance criterion(maximum individual dose : 10 $\muSv$ per year, collective dose : 1 man$\cdot$Sv per year) provided for Korea Atomic Energy Act and relevant regulations.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.259-268
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• 2005

There has been a growing interest in the elimination of anoxic layer in the Youngsan River Estuarybecause the anoxic water mass caused mainly by the inflow of fresh water from the sea wall might cause the mass reduction of benthos during summer. An ocean outfall system to discharge treated wastewater into sea water may be used as one of the effective and economical ways to eliminate the anoxic layer. The suitable ocean outfall design is generally proposed for the prediction of the buoyant jet behavior in the near field. The parameters including CTD and current data are taken into account f3r more reliable buoyant jet behavior calculation. One of the numerical models, CORMIX 1, approved by EPA is used herein for the prediction of the trajectorial variation of the cross-sectional salinity and DO concentration distribution on the calculated buoyant jet boundary according to the tidal periods. On the basis of the results, it is suggested that the single port outfall is a useful system to eliminate the anoxic layer. Proper strategies are also proposed for achieving desirable ambient conditions.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.224-231
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• 2011

Effects of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) treatment and controlled atmosphere (CA) storage was analyzed for the export quality of 'Fuji' apples after 8-month storage. Apples were harvested from two orchards located in different regions at relatively late stage of maturity for long-term storage. Fruit were treated with 1 ${\mu}L{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 1-MCP and then stored in $0^{\circ}C$ air or CA with 1.5 kPa $O_2$ and < 1.0 kPa $CO_2$ for 8 months. To simulate poststorage export process such as 2-week refrigerated container shipment plus 7-day local distribution, fruit were put in $0^{\circ}C$ air storage for additional two weeks and then on the shelf for 7 days at $20^{\circ}C$. Both the 1-MCP treatment and CA storage reduced respiration and ethylene evolution after storage and shipping simulation, and successfully maintained titratable acidity and flesh firmness even after the export process. In 'Fuji' apples harvested after adequate stage of maturity for long-term storage, however, 1-MCP treatment alone seemed not to be satisfactory for the maintenance of sensorial fruit texture for export market. CA storage or 1-MCP treatment/CA storage combination program should be applied for lately harvested 'Fuji' apples exported after eight months storage.

• Archives of design research
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.11-20
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• 1998

Display in commercial space is one of the most important fields in modem advanced industrial sectors as means of promoting the volume of sales. Additionally, consummers' preferences are more complicated and various than before because of improvement of quality of life. In order to satisfy the various comsumer's desire, the role of display must be an important factor in commercial space. On the other hand, the facade of commercial buildings in the concept of visual merchandising has important effect on the commercial space such as layout of a shop, setting up presentation space, and visual expression. The structure of the facade of the store provides not only an advertising function but also an important position to the composition of external space. Besides, enterance space is a part of a store, and it is closely related to outdoor space. Therefore, the relationship between a store and outdoor space should be carefully considered in terms of functional and expressional problems.This study introduces all sort of characteristics of the facade of enterance speac in the commercial buildings. It also investigates the relationship among the characteristics. Moreover, it analyzes the effect of facade style on shop environment such as zonning, inducement plan, and allocation plan. For the purpose of this study, 57 fashion stores, located in Myung-Dong(Seoul), are investigated. Based on the sample, this study analyzes the relationship between the facade style and visual presentation. Finally, it suggests the desirable direction of space composition based upon the concept of visual merchandising.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2006.06c
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• pp.265-267
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• 2006

사용목적(Purpose)은 최근 개인 프라이버시 보호와 관련하여 데이타 수집과 수집 후 보안관리에 있어서 중요한 요소로 사용되고 있다. W3C(World Wide Web Consortium)는 데이타 제공자가 자신이 방문한 웹 사이트에 개인정보를 제공하는 것을 통제할 수 있도록 하는 표준을 제시하였다. 그러나 데이타 수집 후 유통과정에서 개인정보에 대한 보안관리에 대한 언급이 없다. 현재 히포크라테스 데이타베이스(Hippocratic Databases), 사용목적기반 접근제어(Purpose Based Access Control)등은 W3C의 데이타 수집 메커니즘을 따르고 있으며, 데이타 수집 후 보안관리에 대하여 사용목적 관리와 접근제어 기법을 사용하여 관리를 하고 있으나 사용목적에 대한 표현과 사용목적 관리의 미흡함으로 인하여 그에 따르는 개인정보의 프라이버시 보호에 있어서 효과적인 해결책을 제시하지 못하고 있다. 본 논문은 사용목적의 표현력을 향상시키면서. 사용목적의 효과적인 관리기법을 제시한다. 또한 개인의 프라이버시 보호를 위한 방법으로 사용목적의 분류화를 통해 최소권한의 원칙을 따르는 접근제어 기법을 제시한다. 본 논문에서는 사용목적을 상속적, 시간적 그리고 독립적 구조로 분류화하였으며, 이렇게 분류화된 사용목적에 대한 각기 다른 관리기법을 제시한다. 또한 접근제어의 유연성을 위해 RBAC의 역할계층 구조를 사용하였으며, 일의 최소 단위인 태스크(task)의 최소권한을 얻기 위한 조건으로 몇몇 특성의 사용목적을 사용하여 만족할 경우 태스크를 처리하기 위한 기존 모델보다 향상된 최소사용권한을 제공하는 기법을 제시한다. Interference Contrast)에 의한 내부구조 관찰이 최종 동정기준이 되어야할 것으로 나타났다.cillus로 구성되었다. 한편, DAL세균군(42균주)은 high G+C 및 low G+C gram positive 계통군 이외에도 proteobacteria -subdivision에 속하는 Afipia와 Ralstonia, proteobacteria -subdivision에 속하는 Variovorax, proteobacteria $\beta$-subdivision에 속하는Pseudomonas로 구성되어 계통학적으로 다양한 세균임이 확인되었다. 40%까지 대체가 가능하였으며, 아울러 높은 라이신 부산물의 대체 수준에 있어서 사료효율과 단백질 전환효율을 고려한다면 아미노산 첨가(라이신과 아르지닌)와 중화 효과에 좋은 결과가 있을 것으로 사료된다.의한 적정 양성수용밀도는 각고 5~6cm 크기의 경우 10~15개체가 적합하였다. 수증별 성장은 15~20 m 수층에서 빨랐으며, 성장촉진과 폐사를 줄이기 위해서는 고수온이 지속되는 7~10월에는 20~30m수층으로 채롱을 내려 양성하고 그 외 시기에는 15 m층 내외가 좋은 것으로 나타났다. 상품으로 출하 가능한 크기 인 각고 10 cm이상, 전중량 140 g 내외로 성장시 키기까지는 채묘후 22개월이 소요되었고, 출하시기는 전중량 증가가 최대에 이르는 3월에서 4월 중순이 경제적일 것으로 판단된다.er 90 % of good relative dynamic modulus of elasticity due to fineness of formation caused by the

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.19-25
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• 2009

The current study developed light-weighted mixed soil that can solve problems related with soft soil such as ground subsidence, sliding and lateral displacement of ground. By reducing weight of reclaimed soil through mixing phosphogypsum and recycled EPS beads with the weathered granite soil. A series of geotechnical laboratory tests including physical index test, compaction test, CBR test, and direct shear test were performed and engineering properties were reviewed in order to assess applicability of the light-weighted mixed soil for roads and abutment and various back-filling materials at the reclamation area. Based on the laboratory test results, it was found that the maximum dry unit weight of the light-weighted soil ranges $14.32{\sim}15.79kN/m^3$ and the optimum water content ranges 21.91~24.23%, which means there is 11~19.3% weight decrease effect when comparing with general weathered granite soil. Also it was found that the corrected CBR value ranges 10.4~18.4% satisfying the domestic regulations on road subgrade and back-filling material. In addition, as for shear strength parameter, cohesion ranges 10.79~18.64 kPa and internal frictional angle ranges $35.4{\sim}37.2^{\circ}$, which are similar with those of general construction soil and back-filling material used in Korea. So it can be concluded that light-weighted mixed soil with phosphogypsum can be used effectively for soft reclamation ground as actual filling material and back-filling material. From the current study, it was found that light-weighted mixed soil with phosphogypsum has not only weight reduction effect, but also has no special problems in shear strength and bearing capacity. Therefore, it is expected that phosphogypsum can be recycled in bulk as road subgrade and back-filling material at the reclamation area.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.37-46
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• 2006

For the first step to develop a reference disposal container of spent fuel to be used in a deep geological repository, this paper examined safe dimensions of the disposal container on the points of nuclear criticality and radiation safety and mechanical structural safety and provided basic information for dimensioning the container and configuration of the container components, and establishing the favorable and safe disposal conditions. When the safety factor for stress due to the external loads (hydrostatic and swelling pressure) is taken as 2.0, the safe diameter of the filler material to provide enough container strength under the assumed external loads is found to be 112cm with 13cm spacing between inner baskets in PWR container. Also the thickness of the thinner section between the fuel basket and the surface of the cast insert is determined to be 150 mm. Regarding these dimensions of the container, the PWR fuel container is sketched to accommodate 4 square assemblies or 297 CANDU fuel 297 bundles (33 circle tubes x 9 stacks). However the top and bottom parts need to be checked again through the detail radiation shielding analysis with respects to the emplacement position and handling processes of the disposal container.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.285-305
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• 2004

This study is based on providing core infrastructure to make or extend an ERP strategy to make the proper model to cope effectively with various customer requirements and market changes through ERP improvement. The purpose of this study is to support making a competitive advantage by raising productivity and reducing costs as a result of making and applying the "mobile real time connection to ERP"model which is accessible anywhere and anytime using PDA and wireless LAN on the basis of mobile business concept. The model is implemented as the "mobile Material Management System" on the area of material management of ERP in the enterprise which already implemented ERP system. This model is also applied into other divisions of the enterprise. This case study shows that the proper application of ERP reduces costs by reducing business process lead time, increase productivity and customer satisfaction through mobility and instant connectivity and easiness of the system. It is recommended to apply this model into the ERP system which is used in most enterprise, to make a competitive advantage. To sum up, the model in this study can be applied into the enterprise which wants to reduce costs, increase productivity and customer satisfaction through ERP improvement.

• Proceedings of the Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute Conference
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• 2002.04b
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• pp.45-45
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• 2002

나노미터 크기의 결정립을 가지는 나노분말 및 나노복합분말의 제조와 특성에 관한 연구가 매우 활발하다. 나노복합분말의 제조방법에는 기상증발후 응축법, 화학응축법, 기계적합금법 등이 있으나, 고순도 및 균일한 크기분포의 분말과 응집되지 않은 분말의 제조 조건을 가장 잘 만족하는 방법은 화학기상응축법(Chemical Vapor Condensation; CVC)이다. 본 연구그룹 에서는 CVC밤법으로 이용하여 공구/금형재료에 가장 많이 사용되는 WC/Co 합금의 결정립을 n nm크기로 극미세화고자하는 연구을 진행하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 이들 WC/Co합금제조시 가장 중요한 출발분말인 나노크기 WC 분말의 제조와 그 특성에 관하여 연구하고자 하였다. 나노미터 WC분말을 제조하기 의한 전구체는 고상의 금속유기물인Tungstenhexacarbonyl$(W(CO)_6)$ 을 사용하였다. 수평관상로을 반응기로 사용하였으며, 노내의 온도을 500-110$0^{\circ}C$로 변화시 키면서 WC 분말을 합성하였다. 반응기 및 포집기 내부를 대기분위기, 상압의 Ar분위기, 진공 분위기로 변화시켜 압력 및 분위기의 영향을 조사하였다. 포집기는 상온 및 액체질소로 냉각 한 Chiller을 사용하였다. 형성분말의 상분석은 XRD로 조사하였으며, 형태 및 결정립크기는 TEM로 분석하였다. 반응온도 600 -1 OOO$^{\circ}C$의 온도범위에서 검은색의 WC 분말이 제조되었다. XRD 분석의 결과 로 제조된 분말은 상온에서 준안정상인 Hexagonal 구조의 $\gammar-WC_{1-x}$ 상이였으며, TEM 분석결 과 상압하에서는 약 30nm이하의 WC분말이 제조되었으며, 그 형태는 둥근 4각형의 모양을 지녔다. 감압하에서 진행한 경우 결정립의 크기는 8nm이하를 가졌다.곤가스로 산화를 방지하였고, 냉매로는 질소가스를 이용하였다. 제조된 분말을 기ㅖ적 분급법을 이용하여 분급하였고, 냉매로는 질소가스를 이용하였다. 제조된 분말을 기계적 분급ㅂ법을 이용하여 분급하였고, 압출에 이용된 분말은 250$\mu\textrm{m}$이하의 크기를 사용하였다. 또한 분말제조과정 중 형성되는 표면산화층을 제거하기 위하여 36$0^{\circ}C$에서 4시간동안 수소 환원처리를 행하였다. 제조된 분말은 열간 압출을 위하여 Aㅣcan에 넣고 냉간성형체를 만들고, 진공처리를 한 후 밀봉하여 탈가스처리를 하였다. 압출다이는 압출비가 각각 28:1과 16:1인 평다이(9$0^{\circ}C$)를 사용하여 각각 내경이 9, 12cm이고, 길이가 50, 30cm인 압출재를 제조하였다. 열간압출한 후의 미세조직을 광학현미경으로 압출방향에 평행한 방향과 수직방향으로 관찰하였고, 열간 압출재 이방성을 검토하기 위하여 X선 회절분석을 실실하여 결정방위를 확인하였다. 전기 비저항 및 Seebeck 계수 측정을 위하여 각각 2$\times$2$\times$10$mm^3$ 그리고 5$\times$5$\times$10TEX>$mm^3$ 크기의 시편을 준비하였다.준비하였다.전류를 구성하는 주요 입자의 에너지 영역(75~l13keV)에서 가장 높은(0.80) 상관계수를 기록했다. 넷째, 회복기 중에 일어나는 입자들의 유입은 자기폭풍의 지속시간을 연장시키는 경향을 보이며 큰 자기폭풍일수록 현저했다. 주상에서 관측된 이러한 특성은 서브스톰 확장기 활동이 자기폭풍의 발달과 밀접한 관계가 있음을 시사한다.se that were all low in two aspects, named "the Nonsign

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.262-268
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• 2015

This study established an analytical method to simultaneously determine six organophosphorous pesticides [methyldemetone-S, diazinon, fenitrothion, parathion, phentoate, and O-ethyl O-(4-nitrophenyl) phenylphosphonothioate (EPN)] and carbaryl in water using a gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) system coupled with on-line micro extraction by packed sorbent (MEPS) and programmed temperature vaporizer (PTV) injector. Polystyrene divinylbenzene (PDVB) was used as a sorbent of MEPS. The effects of elution solvents, pH, elution volume and draw-eject cycles of samples on sample pretreatment process were investigated. Also, quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) and the recovery of the pesticides in environmental samples were evaluated. The elution was performed using $30{\mu}L$ of a mixed solvent (acetone : dichloromethane = 80 : 20 (v/v)). Sample pretreatment processes were optimized with seven cycles of draw-eject of sample (1 mL) spiking an internal standard and sulfuric acid. At lower pH, the analytical sensitivity of diazinon decreased, but that of carbaryl increased. The method detection limit and the limit of quantification for this method were 0.02~0.18 and $0.08{\sim}0.59{\mu}g/L$, respectively. The method precision and accuracy were 1.5~11.5% and 83.3~129.8%, respectively, at concentrations of $0.5{\sim}5.0{\mu}g/L$. The recovery rates for all the pesticides except carbaryl in various environmental samples ranged 75.7~129.3%. The recovery rate of carbaryl in effluent sample was over 200% whereas carbaryl in drinking water, groundwater, and river water were in the acceptable range.