• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.345-345
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• 2011

MgO는 암염구조를 가진 전형적인 이온 결합성 화합물로서 7.8eV의 띠틈을 갖고 흡습성이 강하다. 면 방전 구조 PDP에서 MgO 보호막은 면 방전으로 인한 유전층의 식각을 보호하고 2차 전자 방출을 통해 방전 전압을 낮추는 역할을 한다. 하지만 MgO 보호막은 증착시 흡수된 수분이 제거되어야 하고, 방전 특성 개선 및 방전 효율 향상을 위해 가공 처리에 관한 연구가 진행 되어야 한다. 본 연구는 MgO 보호막의 전자적 특성의 변화를 알아보기 위해 $O_2$ 분위기에서 전자빔 증착법을 이용해 MgO Powder를 사용하여 시료를 제작하였다. 표면에 흡착된 수분제거로 인한 특성 변화를 알아보기 위해 진공 챔버내에서 시료를 $500^{\circ}C{\sim}550^{\circ}C$의 열처리를 실시한 후 XPS(X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy), REELS(Reflection Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy), UPS(Ultraviolet photoelectron Spectroscopy)를 이용하여 전자적 특성을 연구하였다. XPS 측정결과 시료의 열처리를 통해 C1s spectrum의 O-C=O(289eV) binding energy가 없어져 박막에 흡착된 불순물이 제거 되었으며 O1s spectrum에서 Hydroxides가 감소하고 530.0eV의 MgO 결합에너지쪽으로 커짐으로써 박막의 구조를 확인할 수 있었다. 그리고 $O^2$ 분위기에서 성장시킨 MgO 박막 기판을 열처리 후 REELS를 이용해 띠틈을 얻어보면 Ep=500eV에서 띠틈이 6.77eV, Ep=1500eV에서 띠틈이 7.33eV로 각각 측정되었다. Ep=500eV의 REELS 스펙트럼으로부터 산소 결함에 의한 표면 F Center는 4.22eV로 확인되었다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.376-377
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• 2011

결정질 실리콘 태양전지 연구에 있어서 가장 중요한 부분은 재료의 저가화와 공정의 단순화에 의한 저가의 태양전지 셀 제작 부분과 고효율의 태양전지 셀 제작 부분이다. 본 논문에서는 마이크로 블라스터를 이용하여 폐 실리콘 웨이퍼를 태양전지용 재생웨이퍼를 제작함으로써 고효율을 가지는 단결정 실리콘 웨이퍼를 저 가격에 생산하기 위한 것이다. 특히 마이크로 블라스터를 이용하여 폐 실리콘 웨이퍼를 가공 할 때 표면에 생성되는 요철은 기존 태양전지 셀 제작에서 텍스쳐링 공정과 같은 표면 구조를 가지게 됨으로써 태양전지 셀에 제작 공정을 줄일 수 있는 효과도 가지게 된다. 마이크로 블라스터는 챔버 내에 압축된 공기나 가스에 의해 가속 된 미세 파우더들이 재료와 충돌하면서 재료에 충격을 주고 그 충격에 의해 물질이 식각되는 기계적 건식 식각 공정 기술이다. 이러한 물리적 충격을 이용하는 마이크로 블라스터 공정은 기존 재생웨이퍼 제작 공정 보다 낮은 재처리 비용으로 간단하게 태양전지용 재생웨이퍼를 제작 할 수 있다. 하지만 마이크로 블라스터를 이용하면 표면에 식각된 미세 파티클의 재흡착이 일어나게 되므로 이를 제거하기 위하여 DRE(damage remove etching) 공정이 필요하게 된다. 본 연구에서는 이방성, 등방성 식각 공정으로 태양전지용 재생웨이퍼를 제작하기 위해 가장 적합한 DRE 공정을 찾기 위해 등방성 식각은 RIE 식각으로, 그리고 이방성 식각은 TMAH 식각을 이용하였다. 마이크로 블라스터 공정 후 표면 반사율과 SEM 사진을 이용한 표면 요철 구조를 확인 하였고, DRE 공정 후 표면 반사율과 SEM 사진을 이용하여 표면 요철 구조를 확인 하였다. 각각의 lifetime을 측정하여 표면 식각으로 생성된 결함들을 분석하여 태양전지용 재생웨이퍼 제작에 가장 적합한 공정을 확인 하였다.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.197-205
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• 1993

Blends of elemental Ni and 20 weight % Cr powder were milled for different period in a laboratory attritor. Powder size distribution, microstructure and X-ray diffraction characteristics were investigated as a function of processing period. Saturated magnetization, Ms and coercive force, Hc we also measured and compared with plasma melted ingot to confirm the mechanically alloyed states. Mechanical alloying occurred as a consequence of the partition of powders and the increase of interfacial area driving diffusing of Cr into Ni. However, magnetic properties of chemically homogeneous solid solution like melted ingot has not been observed even though steady state of submicron grain size has been achieved after milling over 15 hrs. Further mechanical alloying period gave refinement of grain size, which resulted in the increase of alloyed layer. It is concluded that homogenization should be controlled by the increase of interfacial area between constitutive powders caused by plastic particle deformation and by the diffusion of Cr within the alloyed phase into Ni-rich phase through lattice defects.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.586-590
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• 2006

As one of electro active polymers for soft smart materials, the ionic polymer metal composites (IPMC) are easy to produce through chemical reduction processing and show high displacements at low voltage. When the IPMC actuates, the deformation depends on a few factors including the structure of based membrane, species and morphology of the metal electrodes, the nature of cations and the level of hydration. As previously published, we have been studying on improvement of actuation through surface electrode modification of IPMC to grasp the effect of electrode morphology on actuation. This study is comparative experiments through the chemical reaction and deposition by ion beam assisted deposition (IBAD) in order to prepare the very thin and homogeneous surface electrode of IPMC. The IPMCs were prepared with different surface roughness of polymer membrane, and the influence of the surface roughness on the actuation was studied. By investigating the electrical properties and driving displacement, the actuating properties of IPMC with different surface roughness were studied.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.92-95
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• 2004

Using the Micro-Pulling Down (${\mu}$-PD), $MnO_2$ and $Tb_4O_7$ co-doped crack-free stoichiometric $LiNbO_3$ single crystals were grown in 1.0 mm diameter and 25-30 mm length for c-axis. The homogeneous distributions of $MnO_2$ and $Tb_4O_7$ concentration were confirmed by the Electron Probe Microanalysis (EPMA). Also, the infrared OH absorption band of the single crystals observed by using a Fourier Transform-Infrared Spectrophotometer (FT-IR) at room temperature and the photoluminescence spectra was measured with respect to the $MnO_2$ and $Tb_4O_7$ doping.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.96-100
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• 2020

The leakage of hazardous materials due to the defect in storage tank foundations is likely to cause tremendous fire disasters in the industry cluster area. Thus, adequate design and construction of the tank foundation is required for preventing tank leakage. In this study, four types of typical tank foundations were classified and modeled for 3D FEM analysis to perform stability evaluation on tank foundations. Furthermore, numerical analysis indicated that stress concentration just below the tank shells is 40 times that at the tank center. The settlement influence zone is about the tank radius and tank diameter in the horizontal and vertical directions, respectively. Thus, the appropriate guidelines for the design and construction of tank foundations were suggested via a comparison assessment of the numerical analysis results on the stress distribution and displacement of the tank foundations.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.28 no.12
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• pp.875-884
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• 2001

Although the self organizing map (SOM) is widely utilized in such fields of data visualization and topology preserving mapping, since it should have the topology fixed before trained, it has some shortcomings that it is difficult to apply it to practical problems, and classification capability is quite low despite better clustering performance. To overcome these points this paper proposes the dynamic topology preserving self-organizing map(DTSOM) that dynamically splits the output nodes on the map and trains them, and attempts to improve the classification capability by combining multiple DTSOMs K-Winner method has been applied to combine DTSOMs which produces K outputs with winner node selection method. This produces even better performance than the conventional combining methods such as majority voting weighting, BKS Bayesian, Borda, Condorect and reliability sum. DTSOM remedies the shortcoming of determining the topology in advance, and the classification rate increases significantly by combing multiple maps trained with different features. Experimental results with handwritten digit recognition indicate that the proposed method works out to problems of conventional SOM effectively so to improve the classification rate to 98.1%.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.41-53
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• 1994

In 1944 Hans Asperger reported odd bizzare 400 children who showed autism like clinical symptoms but had higher intelligence and relatively intact speech function. He named these child 'autistic psychopathy'. Since them there were many controversial views about this syndrome. Some regards Asperger syndrome as the high functioning autism variant or preschizophrenic childhood condition or childhood form of schizoid personality disorder. Though there were still many controversy, recently ICD-10, DSM-IV accepted Asperger's syndrome as a distinct subtype of pervasive developmental disorder. The authors reviewed the history and conceptual changes of Asperger syndrome and summarized the interesting recent research findings. In addition, the authors argue that this syndrome has some linkage with autism and schizoid personality disorder and proposed that these is disorders do have common defect in social instinctual development.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.11D no.3
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• pp.625-634
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• 2004

When constructing a component based system, It is understood that identifying reusable and independent business components is of utmost importance. However, according to conventional component based developing methodologies, most of developers depend on their experience and/or intuition for identification of business components. Furthermore, there are no criteria to evaluate whether the identified business components are more independently defined or not. Therefore, we propose a component identification metrics to apply to component properties In order to complement the difficulties of identifying business components through developers' experience and/or intuition. The metrics defined are the criteria for identifying the business Components and/or for evaluating the Identified components. We propose both a cohesion metric, and a coupling metric, to which component properties are applied, wherein those properties can be understood by high cohesion in, and low coupling between, components. Moreover, we propose an independence metric that can evaluate the degree of independence for a particular component by ratio of the cohesion and coupling of components. The metrics that we propose are applied to case study which demonstrates the identification of more independent business components and the validity of our metrics.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.63-67
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• 2002

Myositis ossificans progressiva, also known as 'fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva' is a rare disorder, most probably inherited as a mendelian dominant trait with irregular penetrance. It is characterized by congenital malformations of the great toes and progressive edema, calcification and ossification of the fasciae, aponeurosis, ligaments, tendons, and connective tissue in interstitial tissues of skeletal muscle. The basic defect is in the connective tissue, whereas the skeletal muscle remains fundamentally normal. We report two cases of a brother and sister whose the disorder is involved in a same family.