• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.165-167
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• 2008

토양 속에 첨가된 납의 농도가 증가하면 애기장대 식물체 내에 축적된 납의 농도도 증가하였는데, 특히 오염물질 배출기준농도보다 50배 높은 납이 첨가된 토양에서 생장한 식물체내에 축적된 납 농도는 정상식물보다 약 2.6배 증가하였다. 이러한 결과는 토양 속에 오염된 납은 식물의 줄기나 일보다는 뿌리에 더 많이 축적되며, 줄기와 잎에 축적되는 납농도는 토양 속에 오염된 납 농도에 비례하여 증가하지 않으나 뿌리에서는 농도에 비례하여 매우 증가하였음을 나타내고 있다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 1996.11a
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• pp.88-91
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• 1996

본 연구에서는 전기화학적 정화방법인 electrokinetic 정화기술을 이용하여 오염된 토양내에서 중금속을 제거하는 방안을 연구하였다. 이를 위하여 납을 혼합하여 오염시킨 점토시료에 대하여 정화가동시간, 공급전류, 오염농도를 다르게 하고 3가지의 향상기법을 적용시켜 정화실험을 실시하였다. 실험결과를 토대로 유입수 및 유출수의 PH, 오염토의 PH, 전기포텐셜, 유출수량, 전기 전도도 등 오염토의 물리화학적 성질변화를 구명하고 정화가동조건 및 향상기법적용에 따른 오염토내의 납 제거효과를 파악하였다. 본 연구를 통하여 electrokinetic 정화기술은 투수성이 낫은 점성토 토양내의 중금속을 제거하는데 매우 효과적인 것으로 판명되었다.

• Journal of Korea Soil Environment Society
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.3-11
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• 1999

The effects of major cations in soils, soil : extractant ratio, and EDTA : lead stoichiometric ratio on the extraction efficiency of lead using EDTA were studied for 4 different actual lead-contaminated soils and one artificially lead-contaminated soil. Extraction of lead from the lead-contaminated soil was not affected by a soil : extractant ratio as low as 1 : 3 but instead was dependent on the quantity of EDTA present. Results of the experiments showed that the extraction efficiency for each soil was different, but if sufficiently large amount of EDTA was applied, all the lead may be extracted except for a soil from lead mining area. The differences in extraction efficiencies nay be due to the major cations present in soils which may compete with lead for active sites on EDTA. The total molar amount of major cations extracted was as muck as 20 times more than the added molar amount of EDTA. For some of the soils tested, the extraction efficiency of lead may be affected by being occluded in the Fe and Mn oxides present in the soil. While major cations present in the soil may be one of the factors affecting lead extraction efficiency, the type of lead species present may also play a role. When these factors affect severely, the using of EDTA to extract lead from lead-contaminated soil might be non-effective method.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.1414-1418
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• 2007

This study was to examine the accumulated concentration of lead in the organ of Arabidopsis thaliana grown in the soil added three different concentrations of lead. The accumulated concentrations of lead in the stem of plant grown in the soil added official standard concentration of lead of pollutant exhaust notified by the Ministry of Environment (1 mg/l), concentration ten times higher than the official standard concentration (10 mg/l) and concentration fifty times higher (50 mg/l) were similar to the rate of increase between three different concentrations, and increased average 24% compared with normal plant stem. The accumulated concentrations of lead in the leaf of plant grown in the soil added three different concentrations of lead were increased average 57% compared with normal plant leaf. And accumulated concentrations of lead in the leaf was no significant difference according to increase of lead concentration added in the soil as stem, the rate of increase was similar to between three different concentrations. The accumulated concentrations of lead in the root of plant grown in the soil added official standard concentration of lead of pollutant exhaust and concentration ten times higher were increased average 114% compared with normal plant root, but increased about 861% in the concentration fifty times higher than the official standard concentration. This result contrast with the data of stem and leaf. The accumulated concentration of lead in the plant body of Arabidopsis thaliana was increased according to increase of lead concentration added in the soil. Especially, the accumulated concentration of lead in the plant body grown in the concentration fifty times higher than the official standard concentration was increased about 2.6 times than normal plant. These results show that lead contaminated within the soil was more accumulated in the root than the stem or leaf, and accumulated concentrations of lead in the stem and leaf were not increased in proportion to the concentration of lead in the soil, but very increased in proportion to the concentration in the root.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2004.09a
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• pp.252-257
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• 2004

본 연구에서는 인산염을 이용여 납으로 오염된 Clay 사격장과 인위적으로 오염시킨 자연토양의 중금속의 고정화 실험을 수행하였다. 인산염 고정화제로는 DAP (diammonium phosphate)를 사용하였다. DAP를 투입한 중금속 오염토양을 고정화 실험과 TCLP로 용출 하였을 때, 99% 정도 고정화되었다. 인산염 투여양이 증가할수록 고정화 효율은 증가하는 것으로 나타났으며, 최적 인투입량은 128 mmol as P/kg인 것으로 나타났다. DAP 투입양이 증가할수록 토양의 pH는 증가하는 것으로 나타났으며, 토양의 초기 pH 변화에 따라 고정화 효율은 크게 변하지 않은 것으로 나타났으나, pH가 높을수록 고정화 효율은 작은폭으로 증가하는 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Korea Soil Environment Society
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.77-84
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• 1999

Sequential extraction was applied to characterize the soil-metal binding mechanism in three kinds of soils contaminated with lead and copper The results showed that soil-metal binding was dependent on soil characteristics and metal species. In Munwha dong soil, lead was mainly carbonate form (37.7%), in agriculture soil was associated with amorphous Fe oxide form (23.9%) and in industry area was associated with exchangeable form (22.9%) Meanwhile for copper. organically bound form represented main fraction in most soil and also carbonate and amorphous Fe oxide form showed high fraction. Crystallized Fe oxide and residuals form of copper showed higher fraction than those of lead. Thus, it can be concluded that copper is bound with soil stronger and more difficult wash out Consequently, this mechanism analysis through sequential extraction can provide useful informations for better soil remediation.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.237-246
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• 2015

Heavy metal pollution in soil, such as lead contamination, has become an area of interest in Korea because of urbanization and atmospheric deposition from neighboring countries. Therefore, in this research, eco-physiological responses such as chlorophyll contents, antioxidant enzyme activity, photosynthetic rate, biomass and phytoaccumulation abilities were investigated for 4 commonly used native roadside tree species to suggest suitable tree species to cope with lead contamination. The target species, Ginkgo biloba, Prunus yedoensis, Zelkova serrata and Chionanthus retusus showed lead toxicity by significant changes of chlorophyll contents and antioxidant enzyme activities on treatments over 200 mg Pb/kg. However, biomass and photosynthetic rates only showed significant responses of plants in the highest level (5,000 mg/kg) treatment. Especially, G. biloba did not show any significant changes of antioxidant enzyme activity, photosynthetic rate, and biomass even in the highest level treatment. In low level - environmentally realistic treatments, G. biloba and P. yedoensis showed the highest phytoaccumulation rate of lead from soil. Selecting and planting species like G. biloba which have good phytoaccumulation abilities and resistance to lead contamination by further research will be required to deal with emerging lead contamination.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.13-23
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• 2001

In this study, the characteristics of pH variations and contaminant distribution in soil are investigated during electrokinetic treatment for the purpose of restoring contaminated soil with heavy metal. For these objects, laboratory test for the kaolin contaminated by lead was performed. During electrokinetic treatment, lead was transported from anode to cathode. And 75% of lead removed within 80% region of the specimen. Most lead, however, that transported from anode to cathode precipitated in the vicinity of cathode compartment, thus the amount of lead removed by electroosmosis was little. Electrokinetic treatment satisfied regulation criteria of Korean Soil Environment Conservation Law within almost region of the specimen. But enhancement methods can be regarded as inevitable requisite for the cathode region.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.17-22
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• 2007

The feasibility of soil washing was investigated to remediate Pb-contaminated field soil. Hydrochloric acid was used as a washing agent. As mixing time increased from 5 min to 120 min, removal efficiency of Pb from contaminated soil increased from 69.3% to 81.9%. Two times washing with 0.2 M HCl showed 96% removal efficiency even at mixing time of 10 min. The Pb content in soil increased sharply as particle size of soil decreased, and removal efficiency was highly dependent on mixing time and temperature. Based on this result, acid washing technologies can be applied to remediate the Pb-contaminated soil used in this study.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.195-206
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• 2014

In this study, soil contamination maps related to Cu and Pb were created at the Busan abandoned mine in Korea using a handheld X-Ray Fluorescence(XRF) and Geographic Information Systems(GIS). Hydrological analysis was performed using the Digital Elevation Model(DEM) of the study area to identify the flow directions of surface runoff where pollutants can be dispersed from the soil contamination sources. 24 locations for measuring the soil contamination related to Cu and Pb were selected by considering the result of hydrological analysis. The results measured at the 24 locations using the handheld XRF showed that the highest value of Cu contamination is 8,255ppm and that of Pb is 2,146ppm. The field investigation data were entered into ArcGIS software, and then soil contamination maps regarding Cu and Pb with a 5m grid-spacing were created after performing spatial interpolations using the ordinary kriging method. As a result, we could know that high concentrations of Cu and Pb are presented at the waste and tailings dumps around the abandoned mine openings. This study also showed that the handheld XRF and GIS can be utilized to create soil contamination maps related to Cu and Pb in the field.