• Development and Reproduction
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.89-96
• /
• 2002

The present study was conducted to elucidate genes involved in the primordial-primary follicular transition. By using suppression subtractive hybridization, day1- and day5-subtracted cDNA libraries were obtained with the forward and reverse subtraction method, respectively. In toto, 357 clones were sequenced and analyzed by BLAST and RIKEN program. Sequences of 330 clones significantly matched database entries while 27 clones were novel. Forty-two and 47 genes with known functions were different between day1 and day5 ovaries. Four genes, GDF8, lats2, septin2, and wee1, from the day1 subtracted cDNA library, and 6 genes, HSP84, laminin2, MATER, MTi7, PTP, and wrn, from day5-subtracted cDNA library were chosen, and their differential expression was evaluated using RNAs from whole ovaries as well as captured primordial and primary follicles by laser captured microdissection. Results from the present study would provide insight for the future study on the mechanisms involved in primordial-primary follicle transition in the mouse in addition to the human ovary.

• Proceedings of the KSAR Conference
• /
• 2003.06a
• /
• pp.59-59
• /
• 2003

재래산양은 우리나라 고유의 유전자원으로서 보존뿐만 아니라 개량이 절실히 요구됨에도 불구하고 첨단생명공학기술을 이용한 연구가 극히 미진한 실정이다. 본 연구는 재래산양에 있어서 과배란처리에 의한 미수정 난자의 회수율 개선과 최적의 quality를 확보하기 위하여 과배란 처리 후 회수시간이 난포의 발달과 난자의 회수율에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 공시동물은 체중 15kg 전후의 성숙한 미경산 재래산양으로서 발정동기화를 위하여 CIDR(Eazi Breed, InterAg, New Zealand)를 10일간 질내에 삽입하고 과배란 처리는 FSH를 CIDR 삽입 8, 9, 10일째에 12시간 간격으로 70mg을 감량법으로 투여하였으며, PGF2$\alpha$는 8일째에 FSH와 함께 투여하고 CIDR제거는 10일째에 제거와 동시에 hCG 400IU를 투여하였다. 수정란회수는 외과적인 방법으로 실시하였으며, 난관에서 관류방법으로 난자를 회수한 다음 난포에서 흡입방법으로 난포란을 회수하였다. hCG 투여 후 29~34시간과 46~50시간에 관찰된 난포수는 두당 10.29개(144/14) 및 7.83개(47/6)였다. 또한 난포로부터 난포란의 채란율은 각각 66.0%(95/144) 및 53.2%(25/47)였으며, 두당 6.79$\pm$0.9개 및 4.17$\pm$1.1개의 난자를 채란하였다. hCG 투여 후 회수시간에 따른 난관에서 회수한 난자 수는 29~34시간 및 46~50시간 후 채란시 배란점은 평균 4.36개(61/14) 및 7.33개 (44/6)였으며, 난관에서 난자 채란율은 39.3%(24/61) 및 29.5%(13/44)였으며, 재래산양 한마리당 평균 1.71$\pm$0.5개 및 2.17$\pm$1.4개의 난자를 채란하였다. 난관으로부터 회수한 난자의 회수율은 29~34시간째에는 61개의 배란점을 확인하였으나 회수한 난자수는 24개로서 39.3%의 회수율을 보였고 두당 회수율은 1.71$\pm$0.5개였으며, 46~50시간에서는 29.5%의 회수율과 2.17$\pm$1.4개의 두당 회수율을 보였다. 회수한 난포란의 등급에 있어서 29~34시간에 등급별 회수율이 각각 GI(27.4%), GII(14.7%), GIII(43.2%), GIV(14.7%)로 나타났으며, 46~50시간에는 GI(12.0%), GII(12.0%), GIII(28.0%), GIV(48.0%)로 나타났다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때 미성숙 난자의 회수는 hCG 투여 후 29~34시간이 적합한 것으로 생각된다.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.181-186
• /
• 2007

Inhibitor of DNA binding protein or inhibitor of differentiation(Id) is largely considered as positive and/or negative regulators of proliferation, differentiation, angiogeneisis, and apoptosis. The four Id genes(Id1, Id2, Id3, and Id4) were known in mammals. However, little is known about the expression and function of these genes in reproductive physiology. Among them, this study was conducted to analyze the expression pattern of Id3 mRNA on folliculogenesis in rat ovary. After PMSG administration, the ovaries were obtained at 3, 6, 12, 24, 36, and 48hrs, fixed, dehydrated, and paraffin embedded. For in situ hybridization, anti-sense and sense Id3 cRNA probes were prepared and applied to the ovarian section. The ovarian sections were coated with NTB-2 emulsion. After that, the slides were developed and counterstained with hematoxylin and eosin staining. The hybridization signal was estimated on a scale of 1+ to 4+. In oocyte, the intensity of Id3 mRNA in primordial and primary follicles was scored at ${\geq}2+$, but the intensity was less than 1+ in secondary, dominant, and preovulatory follicles. In granulosa cells, the Id3 mRNA was strongly expressed(3+ or 4+) in dominant and preovulatory follicles. Taken together, Id3 mRNA was expressed specifically at follicle stages and follicular tissue and might be closely related with follicle development.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
• /
• v.35 no.3
• /
• pp.231-238
• /
• 2008

Objective: Significant portion of premature ovarian failure patients ovulate intermittently and even can achieve pregnancy. The clinical features and reproductive potentials of Korean women with premature ovarian failure have never been elucidated. The purpose of this study is to assess ovarian follicular growth and ovulatory potential. Methods: Complete medical records of fifteen women with idiopathic premature ovarian failure were reviewed retrospectively. Subjects with more than 6 ultrasonographic scans and 36 months of follow-up period were included. Once the ovarian follicle was found by ultrasonography, the follicular growth was serially monitored. The result of ovulation induction of 6 cycles in 4 patients were also evaluated. Rate of positive ovarian follicle by ultrasound, rate of natural follicular growth and response of ovulation induction were assessed. Results: Among the 15 patients, 6 women (40%) had ovarian follicle in random ultrasonography. But the chance of positive follicle per ultrasonography scan was 7% (8 out of 115 scans). One out of 6 women eventually ovulated during the follow-up scan. In remaining 5 subjects, size of follicles remained unchanged. None of 6 ovulation induction cycles resulted successful ovulation. Conclusion: Incidence of positive ovarian follicle in Korean premature ovarian failure patients is lower than that of Western counterpart. This result, however, could not be directly compared because of the differences of study design. The ovulation rate by medical ovulation induction in this group is 0%, which is worse than the reported success rate of Western studies.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
• /
• v.38 no.4
• /
• pp.523-530
• /
• 1995

Specific affinity binding sites for atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) were Investigated in the pig ovarian tissues by in vitro autoradiographic techniques. In the pig ovary, the highest binding sites for 12514abeiled rANP(l~28) were localized in the granulosa cell layer of the forncles. The binding sies on theca layer of the ovarian follicles were mainly localized in the external layer, but none was observed In the Internal layer. In the corpus luteum, the binding site was not observed. The specific bindings of 200 pM of l2Sl4abelled rANP(l~28) to granulosa and theca externa layers were reversed completely by excess concentration (1 ~4) of unlabelled rANP(l~28) but not by 10 ~ of unrelated peptides, human angiotensin II and arginine vasopressin. The binding was also displaced by 1 ~ of desiGIn18, Ser19, Gly2O, leu21, Gly22I ANP(4~2g) (C- ANF) as a spedfic ligand of the ANP clearance receptor. Therefore these results indicate ~hat the biological and the clearance ANP receptors exist in the theca externa and granulosa layer of the pig ovary, and suggest that the ANP receptors may be related with the regulatory lundion of the ovarian follicular development including oocyte maturation.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
• /
• v.37 no.3
• /
• pp.253-259
• /
• 2010

Objective: To evaluate if there is any correlation between the growth rate of dominant follicles and clinical characteristics or outcome variables in women undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH). Methods: This study was performed in 313 in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles. Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and estradiol (E2) were measured on day 3 of menstrual cycle, and serial ultrasonographic measurement of the diameter of growing follicles was performed. The growth rates of dominant follicles calculated by diameter difference divided by days were correlated with clinical characteristics and outcome variables. Results: There was no significant difference in the growth rate of the dominant follicles between gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist and antagonist cycles. No significant correlation was found between the growth rates and evaluated factors such as age, body mass index, LH, FSH, $E_2$, retrieved oocytes and fertilization rate. Conclusion: The Growth rate of dominant follicles seems to show an independent feature of basal characteristics and ovarian response.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.203-208
• /
• 1990

Sexual reproductive structure of Phytophthora capsici in vitro was round shape with thick wall and $24.4\;{\mu}m$ of diameter ranging $20-32.5\;{\mu}m$. Oogonium was $26.7\;{\mu}m$ $(21-37.5\;{\mu}m$) and $6.5-{\times}5.4m$ $(6-8{\times}5-6{\mu}m)$ for antheridium as doughnut shaped. Since mycelial contact of the paired cultures initiated right after inoculation, mycelial expansion phase was followed. Oospore morphogensis could be divided into the four phases for reproducing adult oospores. The optimum temperature for oospore reproduction was $20-24^{\circ}C$, whereas a retard trend for oospore formation was at the temperature above $25^{\circ}C$. Korean squash agar medium showed a higher oospore formation than the existing V-8 agar medium. Red pepper fruit agar medium was next. No oospore was reproduced on the red pepper leaf medium. Diurnal light with $1800{\pm}300$ and $800{\pm}300$ Lux showed rather retardation for oospore formation than dark conditions.

• Development and Reproduction
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.115-122
• /
• 2001

Production of a mature oocyte is a complex process that requires the close association between oocyte and follicular cells. The present study was conducted to investigate the difference between oocytes with and without close junctional communication with cumulus cells and the involvement of two connexins(CXs) in the interactions. Follicles at different sizes(small: 200～400 ㎛; large:>450 ㎛) were mechanically isolated from PMSG-primed mouse ovaries, and punctured to get cumulus-oocyte complex(COC). Oocytes were released themselves(denuded), with partially attached(partial), or with tightly attached(intact) cumulus cells. Maturation and fertilization capacity of the COCs were measured. Expression of CX 37 and CX 43 was examined by RT-PCR and in situ hybridization. The ratio between intact COC and denude/partial oocytes was 30％(SI) and 70％(SPD) in small follicles, while 55％(LI) and 45％(LPD) in large follicles, respectively. Maturation and fertilization rates of the released oocytes were similar among SI, LPD, LI groups, but those were significantly lower in SPD oocytes. In oocytes, CX 37 was the major CX and CX 43 was not expressed, whereas in the cumulus cells, CX 43 was the major, and CX 37 was the next. Results of the present study suggest that 1) immature oocytes from small follicles with intact cell-to-cell communication with cumulus have the similar quality to that of the oocytes from larger follicles, 2) gap junction between oocyte and cumulus cells may be the heterotypic channel, and 3) we could not explain the difference in the cell-to-cell communication between intact and partial/denuded COCs through the expression of the two CXs.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Embryo Transfer Conference
• /
• 2004.10a
• /
• pp.70-71
• /
• 2004

• 건강소식
• /
• v.30 no.9 s.334
• /
• pp.28-29
• /
• 2006

난소는 사춘기 때는 20~40만 개의 난포를 가지고 있는데 임신과 생리를 반복하면서 난포폐쇄 과정을 통해 많이 소모되고 36세 이후에는 34,000개 정도로 숫자가 중고 폐경이 가까워지면 그 숫자가 남지 않게 된다. 따라서 여성호르몬을 만들어 내는 기능이 점점 약화 되는 것이다. 결국에는 생리가 멈추고 호르몬 저하로 오는 여러 가지 폐경 증상을 유발하게 된다.