• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.115-123
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• 2011

Although Guleopdo is small island of only $1.71\;km^2$, the endangered butterfly species, Argynnis nerippe, is abundant there. This study was carried out to estimate the abundance of A. nerippe in Guleopdo, using quadrate, mark-recapture, and line-transect methods. Although the study was insufficient, the population size was estimated at 4,467 to 6,700 larvae and approx. 1,000 adults. A. nerippe was the most abundant among butterfly species in Guleopdo, and it comprised 32% of the total butterflies. A total of 28 butterfly species were observed in this study, and 3 species of these species were migrating species. When the abundance of A. nerippe throughout the country during the period from 1938 to 2010 was studied, we found that it decreased abruptly in the 2000s. Presently, A. nerippe inhabits a few locations in the mid-northern region and western islands. The relatively high numbers of A. nerippe in Guleopdo was due to conservation of natural grasslands and grazing of livestock, which provides adequate habitat for this species.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Environmental Biology Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.34-34
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• 2002

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.497-506
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• 2020

This study surveyed the altitudinal diversity and distribution of butterflies inhabiting Mt. Jirisan. Field surveys were conducted thrice (May, June, and July) using a line transect method along four routes in 2015. During the survey, a total of five families, 58 species, and 769 individuals were collected. Of the species collected, the majority belonged to the family Nymphalidae (28 species), followed by Hesperiidae (nine species), Pieridae (eight species), Lycaenidae (seven species), and Papilionidae (six species). As for the individuals, Pieridae accounted for the largest number (333 individuals), followed by Nymphalidae (309 individuals), Lycaenidae (63 individuals), Hesperiidae (33 individuals), and Papilionidae (31 individuals). A cluster analysis performed on the butterfly species distinguished three altitude zones. The butterflies showed different ecological traits in each of the altitude zones. Analysis of the altitudes of the habitats of eight dominant species revealed that each species inhabited a particular altitude. This study confirmed the hypothesis that continuous monitoring will identify changes in the altitudinal distribution and diversity of butterflies on Mt. Jirisan in response to climate change.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.331-342
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• 2012

The effects of number of host plants and nectar plants on the number and diversity of butterflies were monitored and analyzed by simple and multiple regression from May 2008 to Sep 2009 in the Bubjusa region (Mt. Sokri, Boeun-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do), which was divided into four regions. The results demonstrate that the number of butterflies has a positive correlation with the number of host plant species, the number of nectar plant species, and the number of host plants multiple regression analysis. The number of butterflies also increased habitat area. However, the butterfly species number and diversity index showed lower correlation with the number of host plants and the area size of the divided region, respectively, when analyzed by simple regression. In addition, increased species diversity in a region with more diverse plant flora. These results suggest that the composite distribution of host and nectar plants with diverse plant flora is required for butterfly diversity and population preservation. Additionally, it also suggest that vegetation types complementarity all factors.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.29-37
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• 2011

As a field in Digital Arts, interactive video introduced the mirror metaphor to the foundation of media, given its characteristic as a medium that extracts an audience image in a particular perspective. The interactive video work introduced in this paper addresses conceptual topics in the extension of Zhuangzi's Butterfly Dream and illustrates the technological approaches that employ an intensity-based computer vision processing in order to obtain the silhouette of audience for multiple graphical butterflies to draw an audience image. Users generate narratives in the interaction with the projected image. Sound is used in order for the system to provide augmented perception in the space and to add more rooms for narratives. The computer vision and the graphics methods introduced in this paper are suggested as tools for interactive video.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.111-129
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• 2012

Terrestrial insect fauna was surveyed in the Junam wetland area, which consists of the Junam, Dongpan, and Sannam wetlands, by visual counting and pictures. A sweep net collection was conducted from May to October 2010. A neighburing artificial lotus wetland was also surveyed for comparison. A total of 5,730 insects were surveyed, representing 268 species in 85 families and 12 orders. Sixty-three species of coleopterans were surveyed, followed by 60 species of Lepidoptera, and 37 species of Hemiptera. Coleopteran individuals were 25.9% of the total insect numbers surveyed, comprising most abundant group. This was followed by Odonata, Lepidoptera, and Orthoptera at 22.3%, 15.4%, and 12.7%, respectively. In total, 197 species were surveyed in the Dongpan wetland, 175 in the Junam wetland, and 154 species in the Sannam wetlands. However, only 86 species were surveyed in the artificial lotus wetland. Galerucella nipponensis in Coleoptera, Crocothemis servilia mariannae in Odonata, and Polygonia c-aureum in Lepidoptera were the most abundant in all four wetlands. Community analyses showed that the dominance index was highest in the artificial lotus wetland at 0.25 and lowest in Junam wetland at 0.08. Diversity indices were relatively high in all wetlands at 4.48, 4.44, 4.28, and 3.87 in Junam, Dongpan, Sannam, and the artificial lotus wetland, respectively. The insect fauna similarity index was highest in the Junam and Dongpan wetlands at 0.96. The lotus wetland showed the lowest similarity of the three wetlands with values of 0.45-0.53.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.348-361
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• 2012

Altitude is a factor that plays an important role in the diversity, richness and composition of species. Recently, much attention has been paid to the distribution of butterflies and insects according to altitude. The purpose of this article is to propose a method to preserve and manage species efficiently by reviewing the distribution of butterflies according to different altitudes in Mt. Gyeryong National Park. This study found that the number of species and individuals decreased as the altitude increased, possibly due to the increased amount of shade caused by the crown density. When analyzing the factors influencing the distribution of species other than altitude, it was found that the slope, vegetative colonies and hydrosphere distance were correlated with the change in species distribution. As these species are closely related to food plants, it may save time and reduce the cost as well as allow an efficient evaluation of the bio-diversity if these species are selected as biological indicator species suitable for detecting the changes in the forest. It is judged to be a more efficient means of species preservation to accumulate and quantify the materials regarding environmental elements such as the climate, microclimate and food plants, as this would allow the butterfly distribution to be estimated.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.591-603
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• 2022

This study was conducted to identify changes of insect compositions and diversity after construction of an onshore wind farm. We investigated insect fauna and compositions between a grassland deforested by the construction and a forest located at Yeongdeok and Yeongyang, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea. Insects were collected using a sweeping net and light trap. A total of 11 orders, 50 families, and 246 species, and 1,076 individuals were collected at study sites. By taxonomic group, Lepidoptera species were the most frequently found with 141 species, 417 individuals (38.8%), followed by Hymenoptera (20.6%), Hemiptera (16.2%), and Orthoptera (12.3%). There were also significant differences in insect species and community compositions between sites. Creating open-field deforested forests are beneficial for some insect groups such as Hymenoptera and Orthoptera. Our results suggest that deforesting by the construction of an onshore wind farm might affect the composition and diversity of insects. Results of this study provide basic data for research on onshore wind farms.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.135-145
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• 2017

A sampling survey was conducted at three reservoirs of Junam wetland ($6.02km^2$) in Korea to identify the wetland insect fauna along with their dominance, diversity, richness and evenness. Methods of monitoring were visual inspection and sweeping in 2010, Malaise trapping in 2011, light trapping and pitfall trapping in 2012. In total, 9,269 individuals (36.3% coleopterans, 21.3% lepidopterans and 13.9% odonates) were collected, belonging to 574 species, 141 families and 14 orders. For the number of species, lepidopterans shared the highest (31.2%), followed by coleopterans (28.0%) and hemipterans (12.9%). Dominant species were Enochrus simulans (Coleoptera) (7.9% of total individuals) followed by Hydaticus grammicus (Coleoptera) (4.3%), Galerucella nipponensis (Coleoptera) (4.1%), Elophila interruptalis (Lepidoptera) (3.1%) and Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera) (2.2%). Total counts of coleopterans, lepidopterans and odonates in the three reservoirs were quite high, but the counts were not significantly different among the reservoirs. Insect diversity index (H') and richness index (RI) of the Junam wetland were 5.04 and 59.10, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.319-325
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• 2007

We monitored the butterfly community dynamics from March to October for the three years (2002, 2003, 2004). The study areas were consisted of the five sectors with pine forest (Pinus rigida) and mixed oak forests at Mt. Midong in Chungwongun, Chungchungbukdo, Korea. We found that the total numbers of butterfly species were 59 species and the total individuals were 1,513. There was no change the number of species (44 species) during the study period but the composition of species and the number of individuals were different such as 414, 561, and 538, respectively. The most abundant species were Minois dryas (25%) in 2002, Polygonia c-aureum (24%) in 2003, and P. c-aureum (22%) in 2004. On the contrary, the number of singleton species was 20 species in 2002, 15 species in 2003, and 15 species in 2004. We found that there was the seasonal difference in species composition of butterfly community. The species diversity of butterfly community was the highest at sector 4 and sector 5 and lowest at sector 2. Main reason of the butterfly dynamics was strongly supposed to the human activity. We could suggest that the butterfly monitoring study must be a good way to measure the change of butterfly habitats including anthropogenic activity and the natural disturbances.