• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소성가공학회 2006년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.191-194
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• 2006

Recently the quality improvement of the steel cord product is demanded by the tire market. After wire drawing process, produced residual stresses have a harmful effect on the durability of the wire and become the cause which decreases the quality of the product. Therefore, to improve the quality of the steel cord product, the research regarding the method of residual stress relaxation is necessary. To evaluate the quality of the drawn wire, it is important to measure the residual stress, because the residual stress decides a variety of the quality level which is demanded in the drawn wire. This study proposed a residual stress relaxation method in the drawn wire using FE analysis. The validity of the analysis results was verified by nanoindentation test.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제40권7호
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• pp.667-671
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• 2003

테이프 캐스팅법을 이용하여 알루미나/지르콘(반응결합 뮬라이트/지르코니아 유도)을 내부층으로 하고 알루미나/지르코니아 혹은 뮬라이트/지르코니아를 외부층으로 하는 산화물 층상 복합체를 고온가압소결법으로 제조하였다. 나노압입시험법을 이용하여 층상 산화물 복합체의 기계적 성질(경도 및 탄성계수)을 측정하고, SEM을 통하여 복합체의 미세구조를 관찰하였다. 산화물 층상 복합체의 제조를 위한 가열·냉각시 유도된 구성 산화물간의 열팽창 계수의 차이로 인하여 생성된 잔류응력을 하중-변위곡선을 이용하여 확인할 수 있었다.

• 열처리공학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.72-79
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• 2020

To improve the mechanical properties of most structural materials for industrial applications, the control of microstructure is essential by heat treatment process or plastic deformation process. Since the mechanical behavior of structural materials is significantly influenced by their microstructure, it is inevitably preceded to understand the relationship between microstructure and strengthening mechanisms of materials which can be easily changed by heat treatment. In this regard, the nanoindentation test is useful technique for analyzing the influence of the localized microstructural change on small-scale mechanical behavior of various structural materials. Here, the interesting studies performed on various heat-treated materials are reviewed with focus on micromechanical properties obtained by nanoindentation, which are reported in the available literature.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2015년도 제49회 하계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.177.2-177.2
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• 2015

Nano-mechanics 연구는 기판의 나노표면에 대하여 indenter tip을 직접 인가하여 측정함으로써 기존 분광학 연구에서는 불가능했던 박막의 기계적 특성 연구가 가능하다. 그러나 박막분석 특성상 박막의 표면, 기판 또는 하부 박막에 의한 영향으로 인해 박막의 고유한 물성특성 연구에 제약이 있다. 박막 표면에 의한 영향인 표면효과는 nano-indentation을 실행 할 때 tip의 압입으로 발생되는 표면의 스트레스로 인해 표면 변형이 나타나는 현상이다. 반면에 하부 박막과 기판에 의한 오류는 nano-indentation 실행 시 tip의 압입 깊이가 깊어질수록 하부박막 또는 기판과 가까워지기 때문에 박막 고유의 특성이 아닌 하부박막과 기판에 의한 영향이 같이 나타나는 현상이다. 이러한 오류를 최소화 하고자 많은 연구에서는 박막의 강도에 따라 nano-indentation의 실행 깊이를 박막 총 두께의 최소7%에서 최대 50%까지 삽입하는 방법을 도입하였다. 이를 기반으로 본 연구는 Zirconium nitride (ZrN) 박막의 증착된 두께 깊이만큼 nano-indentation 분석을 실행 하였으며 박막 고유의 nano-mechanics 특성을 연구 하였다. ZrN 박막은 hard coating 분야에 많이 사용되는 물질로 박막 고유의 hardness를 연구하는 것이 큰 의미가 있다. 연구 결과 모든 박막은 두께 30% 깊이 측정에서 박막 표면과 기판효과가 최소화된 박막의 물성 측정이 가능 하였고, 증착 시 질소를 0.5, 1, 2 sccm 흘려준 박막들은 총 두께 30% 깊이에서 hardness가 각각 23.2, 8.6, 18 GPa이었다. 따라서 nano-indenter 측정 시 유효한 측정 깊이에서 측정을 실시하는 것이, 박막의 물성분석에 있어서 대단히 중요함을 확인 하였다.

• 열처리공학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.128-136
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• 2023

In this study, the effects of heat treatment on the nano-scale creep behavior of CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy (HEA) processed by high-pressure torsion (HPT) was investigated through nanoindentation technique. Nanoindentation experiments with a Berkovich indenter were performed on HPT-processed alloy subjected to heat treatment at 450℃, revealing that the hardness of the HPT-processed alloy (HPT sample) significantly increased with the heat treatment time. The heat treatment-induced microstructural change in HPT-processed alloy was analyzed using transmission electron microscopy, which showed the nano-sized Cr-, NiMn-, and FeCo-rich phases were formed in the HPT-processed alloy subjected to 10 hours of heat treatment (HPT+10A sample). To compare the creep behavior of HPT and HPT+10A samples, constant load nanoindentation creep experiments were performed using spherical indentation indenters with two different radii. It was revealed that the predominant mechanism for creep highly depended on the applied stress level. At low stress level, both HPT and HPT+10A samples were dominated by Coble creep. At high stress level, however, the mechanism transformed to dislocation creep for HPT sample, but continued to be Coble creep for HPT+10A sample, leading to higher creep resistance in the HPT+10A sample.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.43-49
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• 2005

전자 범 물리적 증착법(Electron Beam Physical Vaper Deposition, EB-PVD)으로 알루미나 상용기판 위에 나노 크기의 YSZ입자를 포함하고 있는 층을 코팅하여 층상형 시스템을 제조하였으며, 이때 기판층의 온도를 600, 700, $800^{circ}C$로 변화시켜 증착되는 YSZ층이 서로 다른 미세구조가 형성되도록 제어하여, 코팅층 미세구조의 변화에 따른 인덴데이션 거동을 고찰하였다 인덴테이션 거동으로는 비커스 인덴테이션과 헤르찌안 인덴테이션으로 피라미드형 압자 혹은 초경 구를 압입하였으며 압입 하중 및 코링층 구조에 따른 경도와 인덴테이션 응력-변형률 곡선을 구하였고, 미세구조와 하중의 증가에 따른 손상 및 파괴거동을 고찰하였다. 기판층의 온도가 향상됨에 따라 증착된 입자의 크기가 보다 증가하고 각진 입자가 형성됨을 알 수 있었고, 서로 다른 미세구조가 인덴테이션 거동에 영향을 주어, $800^{circ}C$에서 증착된 YSZ/A12달 구조가 상대적으로 우수한 특성을 나타내었다.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.167-172
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• 2023

Titanium alloys are widely recognized among engineering materials owing to their impressive mechanical properties, including high strength-to-weight ratios, fracture toughness, resistance to fatigue, and corrosion resistance. Consequently, applications involving titanium alloys are more susceptible to damage from unforeseen events, such as scratches. Nevertheless, the impact of microscopic damage remains an area that requires further investigation. This study delves into the microscopic wear behavior of α-titanium crystal structures when subjected to linear scratch-induced damage conditions, utilizing molecular dynamics simulations as the primary methodology. The configuration of crystal lattice structures plays a crucial role in influencing material properties such as slip, which pertains to the movement of dislocations within the crystal structure. The molecular dynamics technique surpasses the constraints of observing microscopic phenomena over brief intervals, such as sub-nano- or pico-second intervals. First, we demonstrate the localized transformation of lattice structures at the end of initialization, indentation, and wear processes. In addition, we obtain the exerted force on a rigid sphere during scratching under linear movement. Furthermore, we investigate the effect of the relaxation period between indentation and scratch deformation. Finally, we conduct a comparison study of nanoindentation between crystal and amorphous Ti substrates. Thus, this study reveals the underlying physics of the microscopic transformation of the α-titanium crystal structure under wear-like accidental events.

• 한국압력기기공학회 논문집
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.82-89
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• 2014

In this study, the metallurgical analysis and mechanical property measurement have been performed to investigate the effect of long-term thermal aging on the microstructural evolution in the fusion boundary region between weld metal and low alloy steel in dissimilar metal welds. A representative dissimilar weld mock-up made of Alloy 690-Alloy 152-A533 Gr. B was fabricated and aged at $450^{\circ}C$ for 2,750 hours. The microstructural characterization was conducted mainly near in a weld root region by using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy. And the mechanical properties were measured with Vickers microhardness test and nanoindentation method. A steep gradient was shown in the chemical composition profile across the interface between A533 Gr. B and Alloy 152. Type-II boundaries were found in weld side of DMW and the hardness was the highest at the narrow zone between Type-II boundary and fusion boundary.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.43-48
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• 2009

In this study, Cu-based bulk metallic glass (BMG) coatings were deposited by atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) process with different process conditions (with- and without hydrogen gas). As adding the hydrogen gas, thermal energy in the plasma flame increased and induced difference in the melting state of the Cu-based BMG particles. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the coatings were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) with an energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and nano-indentation tester in the light of phase analysis. It was elucidated by the nano-indentation tests that un-melted region was a mainly amorphous phase which showed discrete plasticity observed as the flow serrations on the load.displacement (P - h) curves, and the curves of solidified region showed lower flow serrations as amorphous phase mingled with crystalline phase. Oxides produced during the spraying process had the highest hardness value among the phases and were well mixed with other phases resulted from the increase in melting degree.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.146-154
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• 2010

알루미늄 5052 합금의 탄성특성에 대한 ECAP 강소성변형과 어닐링효과를 연구하였다. 알루미늄 5052 합금은 용체화 처리 후 ECAP 가공하고 어닐링처리를 수행하였다. 탄성계수는 기존의 인장시험과 나노압입시험을 통해 측정하고 음향현미경의 음향재료신호를 이용하여 시료의 표변에서 탄성계수를 측정하였다. 기존의 시험법으로는 불가능한 소성변형과 열처리에 따른 탄성계수의 변화를 음향재료신호를 이용하여 성공적으로 측정하였고 개개의 결정립에서도 결정방위에 의존하는 탄성계수를 얻었다.