• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2016.02a
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• pp.373-373
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• 2016

파푸아뉴기니 열대 우림에 서식하는 극락조의 가슴깃은 독특한 나노 구조를 가지고 있다. 이 독특한 구조에 의해 구조색이 발현된다. 또한 이 구조색은 입사하는 빛의 각도에 따라 색이 변화 하며 아름다운 색을 낸다. 극락조의 가슴깃의 구조는 keratin과 melanin으로 구성 되어 있는데 keratin과 melanin이 한 층씩 교대로 위치하여 multi layer 구조를 가진다. 가슴깃의 단면의 형태는 부메랑 모양의 구조로 되어 있는데 물질은 주로 keratin 으로 이루어져 있고 keratin 내부에 melanin rodlet이 층층이 박혀서 multi layer를 형성한다. 부메랑 모양의 단면에서 keratin 피질의 각도는 약 $30^{\circ}$ 정도로 이루어져 있고 내부의 melanin 기둥이 이루는 층은 약 $11.3^{\circ}$ 정도로 이루어져 있다. 본 연구에서는 극락조 가슴깃의 구조를 도식화 하여 입사하는 빛의 각도에 따라 나타나는 구조색을 FDTD simulation을 통해 계산하였고 실제 구조에 의해 측정된 reflectance spectra와 비교하여 특성이 유사하게 나타남을 확인 하였다. 실제 극락조 가슴깃의 반사 특성은 부메랑 모양 구조의 가운데 부분에서는 파장이 610 nm 정도인 주황빛이 주로 반사가 되고, 부메랑 모양 구조의 양옆 부분에서는 파장이 420 nm 정도인 파란빛이 주로 반사되어 나타난다. 그리고 각도에 따른 구조색의 변화는 보통의 multi layer의 특징과 다르게 나타난다. 입사하는 빛의 각도가 커질수록 reflectance peak가 나타나는 파장이 점점 짧아지는 특징은 일반적인 multi layer와 일치하지만 일반적인 multi layer가 입사 각도가 커질수록 reflectance가 커지는데 반해 극락조 가슴깃의 반사특성은 입사 각도가 커질수록 reflectance는 오히려 작아진다. 우리가 도식화한 구조를 FDTD simulation한 결과는 이러한 특징이 실제 구조의 측정 결과와 일치하게 잘 나타났다. 또한 keratin과 melanin층의 각도 및 두께변화에 따른 reflectance를 FDTD simulation을 통해 계산 해보았고 구조변화에 따른 특징들을 확인해 보았다.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.35 no.12
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• pp.1391-1398
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• 2011

Design and performance analysis of a steam turbine for variations of degree of reaction were performed by computer simulation. Design parameters such as blade angles, exit areas, and heights of the nozzle and moving blade were represented as functions of the degree of reaction. The main performance factors such as turbine power, diagram efficiency, and axial thrust were also expressed in terms of the degree of reaction. For further information about the design and performance, the blade angles and main performance factors were investigated as functions of the flow coefficient. The turbine power and diagram efficiency reached a maximum value for a given degree of reaction and flow coefficient, and the symmetric shape of the moving blade showed distortion as the degree of reaction was increased.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.15-15
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• 2000

두 개의 사각형 유입구가 $90^{\cire}$의 각도를 이루고 있는 액체 램제트 엔진의 연소실 형상을 최적화하기 위해서 수조를 이용한 연소실 유동 계측 실험을 수행하였다. 공기 유입구의 연소실 유입 각도는 $30^{\cire}$, $45^{\cire}$ 및 $60^{\cire}$인 세 가지 형상의 연소실 모형을 제작하였으며, 각각의 유입 각도에 대하여 연소실 재순환 영역의 크기를 5가지로 변화시킬 수 있도록 모형을 제작하였다. 그리고 연소실의 배면은 돔의 형태로 하여 재순환이 잘 이루어지도록 모형을 제작하였으며, 유입구에서 연소실로 들어가는 유동의 안정화를 위해 안내깃을 세 개 설치하여 실험하였다.(중략)

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.391-397
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• 2001

The guided wave propagation in inhomogeneous multi-layered structures is experimentally explored based on theoretical dispersion curves. It turns out that proper selection of incident angel and frequency is critical for guided wave generation in multi-layered structures. Theoretical dispersion curves greatly depend on adhesive zone thickness, layer thickness and material properties. It was possible to determine the adhesive zone thickness of an inhomogeneous multi-layered structure by monitoring experimentally the change of dispersion curves.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.369-377
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• 1997

The torque converter, a major part of automatic transmissions, has many difficulties in analysis due to the factors such as power transmission through fluid flow, complex internal geometry, and various operating conditions. Because of such difficulties, the dynamic analysis and design of a torque converter are generally carried out by using equivalent performance model which is based on the concept of mean flow path. Since the design procedures of a torque converter are essential technology of automotive industry, the details of the procedures are rarely published. In this study, the basic design procedures of a torque converter are systemized and coded based on the equivalent performance model. The mathematical methods to deal with mean flow path determination and the core-shape are developed. And by using this model, the method of determination of performance parameters satisfying the requested performance is proposed. Finally, to embody the three-dimensional shape, the intermediate blade angles which maximize the tractive performance are determined and laid out.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.12
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• pp.8684-8690
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• 2015

This study aimed to investigate the influence of the ankle dorsiflexion angle ($0^{\circ}$, $10^{\circ}$, and $20^{\circ}$) on the effectiveness of gastrocnemius stretching angle. The subjects of this study were 25 young man and female women. In all participants, the pennation angle of the medial head of the gastrocnemius was evaluated using ultrasonography at an ankle dorsiflexion angle of $0^{\circ}$, $10^{\circ}$, or $20^{\circ}$. Repeated measures analysis of variance was uesd to test for differences between ankle dorsiflexion angles. The independent t-test was performed to determine the significance of sex differences. The results of this study showed that the gastrocnemius pennation angle decreased as the ankle dorsiflexion angle increased, with significant interaction between each angle of ankle dorsiflexion angle (p<0.01). Sex comparison showed that the pennation angle was greater in man than in women, but the difference was not significant (p>0.05). According to the sex the gastrocnemius pennation angle is decreased as the ankle dorsiflexion angle increased (p<0.01). These results suggest that the end range of dorsiflexion is more beneficial for gastrocnemius stretching than a small range. Further studies are needed to investigate the influence of other factors, such as stretching angle and application time, on gastrocnemius stretching.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.197-212
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• 1997

The performance of a torque converter can be expressed by the performance parameters such as flow radius and flow angle, on the mean flow path. The geometric analysis of the torque converter is required to determine these parameters for the modeling of the torque converter. In general, the blade shape is depicted by three dimensional data at the mid-surface of blade or those of the pressure and suction side. To generate three dimensional model of the blade using the data mentioned above, a consistent data format and a shape generation algorithm are required. This paper presents a useful consistent data format of the blades and an algorithm for the geometrical shape generation. By the geometric analysis program to which the shape generation algorithm is embedded, the variation of blade angles in rotating element analyzed. Then finally, the analyzed results of geometric profile of a blade are compared with those of the blade design principle, so called forced vortex theorem.

• The KSFM Journal of Fluid Machinery
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.52-57
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• 2012

Stall inception characteristics are researched to understand stall well. To realize different stall inception patterns, IGV stagger angle was changed. At design IGV stagger angle, spike, which is short length scale, is observed. Decreasing IGV stagger angle, spike changes to mode, which is long length scale, and further decreasing get multi cell. Compressor maps for each IGV stagger are shown to compare different stall inceptions. The characteristics of both spike and mode are confirmed in this experiment. Furthermore, transient from spike to mode is find. multi cell has 4cells and is little bit faster than mode. and multi cell shows 2nd, 3rd characteristics on compressor map.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.513-520
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• 2014

An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) should be designed to be as small and lightweight as possible to optimize the efficiency of changing the blade shape to enhance the aerodynamic performance, such as the thrust and power. In this study, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation of an unmanned multi-rotor aerial vehicle in hover mode was performed to explore the thrust performance in terms of the blade rotational speed and blade shape parameters (i.e., taper ratio and twist angle). The commercial ADINA-CFD program was used to generate the CFD data, and the results were compared with those obtained from blade element theory (BET). The results showed that changes in the blade shape clearly affect the aerodynamic thrust of a UAV rotor blade.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.518-527
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• 2019

This investion studies the manufacturing techniques of chimi(ridge-end roof tiles based on the) fragments excavated from the Wonju Beopcheonsa temple site(Historic site No. 466) and aids in the conservation of the fragments. The results of the investigation are categorized into the production of the body parts, the wing and the feather attachment, the production of the decorative parts, the scratches in the upper and lower part, the perforations connecting the upper and lower parts, and the formative features(bending phenomenon). The procedures in the conservation treatment of the chimi was performed in a sequential order beginning with a preliminary examination, followed by the removal of foreign substances, coating, joining and restoration, and color retouching. A three-dimensional scanning data was employed to restore the missing parts after adhesion to determine the location, size, and angle of the original shape. The restored chimi measures 118 cm in height and weighs 121 kg, which makes it the fifth largest in size among any chimi(including restored) in Korea. We expect that the pointed feathers will make the chimi from the Beopcheonsa temple site a rare reference as no specimens with these features have been found in Korea until now.