• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.91-94
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• 1997

This experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of black P.E. film mulching by different sowing dates on the growth and yield of Achyranthes japonia NAKAI. Emergence rate and the growth increment were increased in black polyethylene (P.E.) film mulching of sowing date at April 1. Dried root yield was highest by 3,190kg/ha in black P.E. film mulching and earlist sowing at April 1 with 20% increase compared to that of non mulching at April 1 planting.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.478-482
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• 2001

This experiment conducted to know physiological characteristics and stress effect on different growth stage of soybean by night illumination. Soybean variety, Shinpaldalkong 2, Keumjungkong and Muhankong were treated by night illumination with 20~30 Lux (0.05~0.08W m$^{-2}$ , 0.24~0.36 $\mu$㏖ S$^{-1}$ m$^{-2}$ ) for 15 days at six different growth stage, seedling, pre-floral initiation, post-floral initiation, pod filling and seed ripening stage. Night illumination delayed flowering to 2~8 days compared to control. Delay of flowering by night illumination severely effected at the pre-floral initiation stage. Stem length was increased all the night illumination treatments except the pod filling stage. Number of nodes in Shinpaldalkong 2 and Keumjungkong 1 were increased until before post-floral initiation stage but in Muhankong were increased until after post-floral initiation stage by night illumination treatments. Number of pods were decreased all the night illumination treatments except seedling stage compared with control. Yield decreased all the treatments and severe the loss rate degree showed the order of prefloral initiation, post-floral initiation, seedling and flowering stage.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.353-358
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of black polyethylene film mulching and soil conditioners on the growth, yield, and flavonoids biosynthesis of mungbeans. The seedling stand rate, plant height, and pods per plant were 98%, 61 cm, and 15.1, respectively, when the mungbean grown black polyethylene film mulches. They were greater than these results when the without mulches was applied by 13%, 9 cm, and 1.8, respectively. Mungbean grown with black polyethylene film mulches ($243\;kg{\cdot}10a^{-1}$) exhibited 38% more seed yield than without mulches ($176\;kg{\cdot}10a^{-1}$). However, no significant difference in contents of vitexin and isovitexin of mungbeans between with black polyethylene film mulches and without mulches was observed. Among soil conditioners, standard fertilizer+oil cake and standard fertilizer+mineral powders increased number of pods. The standard fertilizer+oil cake showed the highest seed yield (119%) of mungbean when it mixed with standard fertilizers, and followed by mineral powders (115%). The mixed combinations of oil cake or mineral powders also seem to have affected the biosynthesis of vitexin and isovitexin, whose content in mungbeans was significantly more.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.62 no.4
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• pp.325-332
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• 2017

This research was conducted to evaluate methods of enhancing the waterlogging resistance of soybean plant. Thus, we applied seven types of plant growth regulators (PGRs) to soybean plants and exposed them to waterlogged conditions for a total of 14 days. To evaluate stress resistance, we monitored plant growth characteristics data such as height, chlorophyll content, and chlorophyll fluorescence for 28 days after the initial waterlogging (14 days under waterlogging conditions and 14 days after waterlogging). According to the results, plant height was significantly increased by gibberellin A4 ($GA_4$) treatment compared to the control treatment and waterlogging-only treatment. However, we could not detect plant height owing to plant death when we applied abscisic acid (ABA). Except for $GA_4$ and ABA treatments, plant heights slightly decreased in all treatments compared to the waterlogging-only treatment. The chlorophyll content and chlorophyll fluorescence showed a similar tendency among PGR treatments. The chlorophyll content and chlorophyll fluorescence were significantly increased by ethephon and kinetin treatments 28 days after waterlogging compared to the waterlogging-only treatment. Consequently, kinetin and ethephon treatments induced more resistant phenotypes in soybean plants during or after exposure to waterlogging conditions.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.303-306
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• 2006

This experiment was investigated the influence of water stress in growth and yields of safflower. The water stress treatment was early growth stage(Mar. 20~Apr. 18), middle growth stage(Apr. 29~May 28) and last growth stage(Jun. 8~Jul. 7) for 30 days, respectively. Stem length of plant was 127 cm in normal irrigation(control) state and that of growth middle stage at drought state was 96 cm, to be shorted more 31 cm than that of normal irrigation state, also other growth rate of plant was decreased, relatively. Number of effective flower bud per $m^2$ was 224 ea in normal irrigation state, 114 ea in growth middle stage at drought state. Yield of seed at drought state decreased 37% and 13% in growth middle stage(222 kg/10a) and last stage(307 kg/10a) than 353 kg/10a in normal irrigation state. According to the result, it could be estimated that optimum irrigation time(0.05 MPa) was 23days after non-rainfall at early growth stage(from sowing seed time to 30 days after sowing seed), 10 days in middle growth stage(41-70 days after sowing seed) and 9 days in last growth stage(81-110 days after sowing seed), to prevent the damage of drought.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.145-153
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• 2011

To develop new varieties of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), the seeds of three varieties 'Naehan', 'Tammi', and 'Halla' were treated with proton ion beams and gamma rays (0~2,000 Gy), and then the characteristics of the mutants induced were examined up to $M_5$ generation to select the lines with fixed useful traits. In $M_5$ generation, we had selected several lines that were highly fixed for some useful traits such as plant height, maturity and flower size; one line with both earlier maturity and shorter stem than wild type, one line with only earlier maturity, two lines with shorter stem, one line with large flower, and one line with chlorophyll mutation. Among them, NP600-1-1-198-2 (induced from variety 'Naehan' was treated with proton ion beams 600 Gy) was superior for its distinction from the original variety, uniformity and stability. The unique characteristics of NP600-1-1-198-2 were dark green leaves, green stem, yellow flower, and black seed coat. Its flowering date was April 14, eight days earlier than its original variety, while seed maturity date was June 16 (five days earlier) and plant height 105 cm (shorter by 10 cm). NP600-1-1-198-2 has 52 silique per panicle, 6.2 cm silique length, 23 seeds per silique, 4.2 g per 1000 seeds and 45.9% oil content. The seed oil contained 67.8% of oleic acid, 16.7% of linoleic acid and 7.3% of linolenic acid but no erucic acid.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.224-229
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• 2017

A new peanut variety 'Daan'(Arachis hypogaea ssp. hypogaea L.) was developed at the Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS) in Milyang 2014. This was developed from the cross between 'Iksan 31' with Virginia typed short stem and 'Dakwang' with Shinpung-typed larger grain. 'Daan' which is a Shinpung plant type had 13 branches per plant and its length of main stem was 44cm. Each pod has two grains with brown testa and long ellipse-shaped large kernel. Its yield components showed 34 pods per plant, 127 g of 100-seed-weight and 75% of pod shelling ratio in the regional yield trials (RYT). Seed quality showed 47.8% of crude oil and 28.3% of protein content. This variety showed resistant to early leaf spot and had more resistant to late leaf spot, stem rot and lodging, compared to reference variety. In the regional yield trials for 3 years 'Daan' was more productive than reference variety by 16% with 5.00 MT/ha for grain production.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.342-351
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• 1990

Experiments were conducted to find out the possibilities of producing good quality seed of summer type soybean at Chuncheon, 74m above sea level and Jinboo, 600m above sea level in 1987. Local variety, Cheonan Jaelae was used. Seeds were sown June 25 harvested five times from 35 days after flowering with five days interval to 55 days. Vegetative period was longer in the early planting and high cool area, Jinboo, which resulted longer stem length than the late planting and in the plain area, Chuncheon. Pod number and 100 grain weight were shown more and heavier in Jinboo. Earlier planting and later harvesting resulted more pod number and heaveier 100grain weight. Grain yield was heigher in Jinboo, and earlier plainting shown more grain yield and its difference was greater in Jinboo. Long grain filling duration resulted more grain yield. Unripened seeds were produced more by earlier planting with earlier harvesting and earlier planting with late harvesting showed the high rates of pod and stem blight (Diaporthe Phaseolorum). Seed With high moisture content by early harvesting showed more rotten seeds in all planting dates production was more advantageous in the high cool area, Jinboo. Optimum planting date was between May 15 and June 5. Harvesting was desirable about 45-50 days after flowering with heigher germination rate seed yield.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.109-114
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• 1993

This study was carried out to determine the optimum planting time for in vitromultiplied tuber of Pinellia ternata(Thunb.) Breit. The tubers were planted on April 20, May 20, June 20, July 20, August 20 and September 20 in 1990. Emergence ratios were 68 to 87% in any planting time except planting on July 20. The number of tubers per $m^2$ at harvest in plantings on May 20 and June 20 were significantly higher with 1,110 and 1,021, respectively, while in plantings after July 20, those were drastically decreased. As compared with fresh yield of planting on April 20(352kg /10a), that of May 20 was 109% and June 20 was 103%, while those of after July 20 were from 41% to 19%. There was a highly positive correlation between dry tuber yield and the number of tubers per $m^2(r=0.991^{**})$. Tuber yields for commercial use(diameter over 7.1mm) were high in planting on May 20(322kg /10a) and on June 20(299kg /10a). It was suggested that optimum field planting time for in vitro multiplied tuber of Pinellia ternata(Thunb.) Breit was from May 20 to June May 20.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.151-156
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• 2000

Field experiments were conducted to investigate the yield and paeoniflorin content between healthy peony and blight plot of top part with every year during 3 years at June, July, August, September, separately. Stem length and diameter, No. of stem in the blight plot of peony were decreased in early in blight time compared with those in no blight growth. No. of flower buds per plant was 5.2, 4.6 in 3 year- grown and 4year-grown plots at late June blight compared with 11.5, 16.2 in no blight. No. of axillary flower was also similar to as above. Main root length and root diameter was most decreased in the plot of late June blight compared with healthy peony. No. of root more than 10mm of root diameter was small in order of blight time, namely Late June, July, August and September. The root dry yield of 4 year healthy peony was most high in 1,603kg per 10a, but it was lowed in 1,007kg in the plot lasted blight during 3years at late June. Paeoniflorin content was no different between 3year-grown and 4year-grown, but it was high in late June blight plot increased with the early in blight time.