• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.113 no.2
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• pp.239-258
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• 2024

In the face of complex crises such as a shrinking society, regional imbalance, and climate change, there is a need to seek sustainable development in local communities. In the forest sector, attempts are being made to link forest resources with local industries. However, the current support system, which is centered on the central government, has limitations in achieving sustainable forest management. On the other hand, the international community is actively promoting a shift in systems by introducing the concept of local forestry, which emphasizes local initiatives to achieve sustainable forest management. However, in the Republic of Korea, the concept of local forestry is still unclear, which hinders the promotion of a paradigm shift. In this paper, we applied the Delphi technique to conduct three surveys of 29 academics, administrators, and field experts in the Republic of Korea. The aim was to define the concept of local forestry that is suitable for domestic conditions and identify institutional measures to establish and revitalize it. The results showed that local forestry can be defined as a broad concept that is both consultative and systemic in nature and that an institutional approach that supports actors and their activities is necessary to revitalize local forestry.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.589-597
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• 2012

Recently, an understanding of new sources of liquid hydrocarbons such as bioethanol is economically very important. Bioethanol is actually ethyl alcohol or also referred to as ethanol, identical to drinking alcohol by its composition. There are mainly two ways of producing ethanol, namely by synthesis of hydrocarbons and from biomass. Only the second approach deserves the terminology 'bioethanol'. The present dissertation is also designed with purpose of developing the energy-saving process for the separation of bioethanol. The world population is expected to grow past 8 billion by 2030 which are almost 60% in Asia Pacific. History has shown that energy use rises much faster than population expands. World wide demand for energy will increase significantly during the next 15 years driven by population growth and the transition of emerging markets into the global economy. In developing nations, a smaller increment in GDP per capita yields a higher increment in energy consumption compared to developed countries. In this study, we analised total 2,454 dissertations for the bioethanol during the 2001~2012 periods by the programs of 'web of science' and 'recently developped program by Korea Institute of Science Technology Information'.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.17-30
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• 2018

Currently, the global climate change response paradigm has been changed to a universal response system in which all nations, not the developed countries, participate. Korea has also set a target of 25.9 million tons of transportation greenhouse gas reduction targets by 2030. Korean society is expected to enter the super aging society in 2026. In this study, to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions in public transport and to improve the convenience of transportation vulnerable, we estimate the willingness to pay(WTP) and social benefits assuming that the existing feeder buses are replaced with medium-sized low floor electric buses. To this end, survey was conducted on bus users in the metropolitan area and WTP was estimated by using contingent valuation method(CVM), which is one of the non-market value evaluation methods. As a result of estimation of WTP, the average WTP is 51.4 (won / time person), estimated the economic benefits were 50 million won on weekdays and 40 million won on weekends in Gyeonggi Province in 2014.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.292-302
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• 2012

This paper reviews comparison analysis of current and latest application for stock identification methods of Todarodes pacificus, and the pros and cons of each method and consideration of how to compensate for each other. Todarodes pacificus which migrates wide areas in western North Pacific is important fishery resource ecologically and commercially. Todarodes pacificus is also considered as 'biological indicator' of ocean environmental changes. And changes in its short and long term catch and distribution area occur along with environmental changes. For example, while the catch of pollack, a cold water fish, has dramatically decreased until today after the climate regime shift in 1987/1988, the catch of Todarodes pacificus has been dramatically increased. Regarding the decrease in pollack catch, overfishing and climate changes were considered as the main causes, but there has been no definite reason until today. One of the reasons why there is no definite answer is related with no proper analysis about ecological and environmental aspects based on stock identification. Subpopulation is a group sharing the same gene pool through sexual reproduction process within limited boundaries having similar ecological characteristics. Each individual with same stock might be affected by different environment in temporal and spatial during the process of spawning, recruitment and then reproduction. Thereby, accurate stock analysis about the species can play an efficient alternative to comply with effective resource management and rapid changes. Four main stock analysis were applied to Todarodes pacificus: Morphologic Method, Ecological Method, Tagging Method, Genetic Method. Ecological method is studies for analysis of differences in spawning grounds by analysing the individual ecological change, distribution, migration status, parasitic state of parasite, kinds of parasite and parasite infection rate etc. Currently the method has been studying lively can identify the group in the similar environment. However It is difficult to know to identify the same genetic group in each other. Tagging Method is direct method. It can analyse cohort's migration, distribution and location of spawning, but it is very difficult to recapture tagged squids and hard to tag juveniles. Genetic method, which is for useful fishery resource stock analysis has provided the basic information regarding resource management study. Genetic method for stock analysis is determined according to markers' sensitivity and need to select high multiform of genetic markers. For stock identification, isozyme multiform has been used for genetic markers. Recently there is increase in use of makers with high range variability among DNA sequencing like mitochondria, microsatellite. Even the current morphologic method, tagging method and ecological method played important rolls through finding Todarodes pacificus' life cycle, migration route and changes in spawning grounds, it is still difficult to analyze the stock of Todarodes pacificus as those are distributed in difference seas. Lately, by taking advantages of each stock analysis method, more complicated method is being applied. If based on such analysis and genetic method for improvement are played, there will be much advance in management system for the resource fluctuation of Todarodes pacificus.