• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.199-217
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• 2016

Influences of seasonal warming and cooling rates on the annual temperature patterns were analyzed based on the meteorological data from 13 weather stations in Busan Metropolitan Area(BMA), Korea during 1997~2014. BMA daily temperature time-series was generalized by Fourier analysis, which mathematically summarizes complex, regularly sampled periodic records, such as air temperature, into a limited number of major wave components. Local monthly warming and cooling rates of BMA were strongly governed by the ocean effect within the city. March($1.121^{\circ}C/month$) and November(-$1.564^{\circ}C/month$) were the two months, when the most rapid warming and cooling rates were observed, respectively during the study period. Geographically, spring warming rates of inland increased more rapidly compared to coastal areas due to weaker ocean effect. As a result, the annual maximum temperature was reached earlier in a location, where the annual temperature range was larger, and therefore its July mean temperature and continentality were higher. Interannual analyses based on average temperature data of all weather stations also showed that the annual maximum temperature tended to occur earlier as the city's July mean temperature increased. Percent area of impervious surfaces, an indicator of urbanization, was another contributor to temperature change rates of the city. Annual mean temperature was positively correlated with percent area of impervious surfaces, and the variations of monthly warming and cooling rates also increased with percent area of impervious surfaces.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2019.04a
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• pp.38-38
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• 2019

본 연구는 봄 식물계절지수와 기온지표와의 관계를 알아보기 위해 지난 9년간(2010년-2018년) 대구수목원, 팔공산, 주왕산, 가야산에 공통적으로 생육하는 소나무(Pinus densiflora), 일본잎갈나무(Larix kaempferi), 신갈나무(Quercus mongolica), 진달래(Rhododendron mucronulatum), 생강나무(Lindera obtusiloba), 당단풍나무(Acer pseudosieboldianum) 6종을 대상으로 발아, 개화, 개엽의 봄 식물계절시기의 변화 경향과 기온간의 관계를 파악하였다. 기온의 변화는 9년동안 2월보다 3~4월의 월평균기온이 증가하였으며, 지역별로 수목원과 팔공산의 평균기온이 높았다. 발아, 개화, 개엽은 수종별로 생강나무가 가장 빠르며 소나무가 가장 느렸고, 지역별로 수목원에서 가장 빨리 식물계절시기가 도래하였다. 봄 식물계절시기는 -1.267~-6.151일/9년 정도 앞당겨지고 있는 경향을 보이는데 소나무(-6.151일/9년)가 가장 크며, 진달래(-1.267일/9년)의 변화율이 가장 낮았다. 발아, 개화, 개엽에서 모두 유의한 값을 보이는 수종은 진달래와 소나무로서 이들은 1월~3월 평균기온과 상관관계를 보였다. 봄 식물계절지수(SPI)의 시계열 변화를 확인한 결과 4개 지역의 변화율이 모두 음의 값으로 식물계절 시기가 모두 빨라지고 있었다. 그 중 수목원, 팔공산 및 가야산과 같은 내륙지역일수록 변화율이 컸으며, 다소 거리가 떨어진 주왕산의 경우 변화율이 조금 낮게 나타났다.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.385-393
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• 1999

본 연구에서는 한라산의 고도별, 사면별, 계절별 기온(일평균, 일최고, 일최저) 분포와 고산식물의 수직적 분포역을 기초로 고산식물별 온도적 범위를 분석한 후 제주도의 온난화에 따른 한라산 고산식물의 미래를 논의하였다. 아울러 고산지에서의 고도별 기온 분포와 수직적 기온 체감이 환산되어 산악지역에서의 기온 분포를 이해하는데 중요한 자료가 확보되었다. 한라산에서의 100m당 기온체감율은 일평균기온이 -0.58$^{\circ}C$, 일최고기온이 -0.53$^{\circ}C$ 범위내에서 분포가 주로 결정되어, 상대적으로 낮은 최고기온 체감율이 고산식물의 생존에 유리하게 작용한 것으로 보인다. 본 연구에서 얻어진 결과는 온난화에 따른 생태계 변화의 모니터링과 경관 보전 측면에서 유용한 생태적 정보를 축적하여, 한라산에 분포하는 희귀하거나, 멸종위기 상태에 있는 고산식물들의 보전과 관련된 지식이 수립될 수 있다.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2015.07a
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• pp.485-486
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• 2015

전력수요예측은 전력계통을 원활하고 체계적으로 운영하며 안전성과 경제성이 고려된 전력수급계획을 가능하도록 하는 것으로써 예측 오차율을 줄이는 것이 필수적이다. 전력수요예측 오차율을 줄이기 위해 많은 선행 연구가 이루어졌으며 최고기온과 최저기온의 변화에 전력수요가 민감하게 반응하는 것을 밝혀내었다. 하지만 최근 지속적인 기후 변화로 최고기온 및 최저기온만으로 전력수요예측을 수행하기에는 무리가 있다. 또한, 기온과 전력수요의 연관성에 대한 관심이 증대되고 다양한 방식의 분석이 수행되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 시간별 전력수요와 기온의 연관관계를 분석하였으며 시간별 전력수요에 가장 연관도가 높은 시간대의 기온을 제시한다.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.127-132
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• 1984

In order to investigate the effect of temperature variation in winter season on the egg production and energy utilization of poultry, 30week-old Warren layers were reared during 17 weeks of experimental period, from Nov. 1st, 1980 to Feb. 27th. 1981. The effect of temperature change on the body weight, feed intake and feed conversion was not found. But the outdoor average and the indoor minimum temperature had changed Positively 0.46 and 0.24% of henday egg production per 1$^{\circ}C$ fluctuation, respectively. Daily metabolizable energy utilized during 32 (Nov.15th), 34(Dec.1st) and 46(Feb. 27th) week-old reached to, respectively, 358, 385 and 419 kcal per bird, and 159, 173 and 176 kcal per kg body weight. Also the metabolizable energy utilization correlated negatively with the ambient temperature fluctuation, while the equation by NRC(1981) for metabolizable energy requirement estimation were well in accord with these results when the indoor minimum temperatures were based. And the metabolizable energy requirements per kg body weight were 1.7, 1.6 and 2.1 kcal, respectively, according as 1C fluctuation of outdoor, indoor maximum and indoor maximum and indoor minimum temperatures. Thus it is appeared that indoor temperatures fluctuated by outdoor temperatures will affect the egg Production and metabolizable energy utilization of hen in winter season of Korea.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.38 no.5_1
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• pp.471-484
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• 2022

This study examined the effects of topography and buildings around the automated synoptic observing system (ASOS) on the observation environment of air temperatures and wind speeds and directions using a computational fluid dynamics(CFD) model. For this, we selected 10 ASOSs operated by the Korea Meteorological Administration. Based on the data observed at the ASOSs in August during the recent ten years, we established the initial and boundary conditions of the CFD model. We analyzed the temperature observation environment by comparing the temperature change ratios in the case considering the actual land-cover types with those assuming all land-cover types as grassland. The land-cover types around the ASOSs significantly affected the air temperature observation environment. The temperature change ratios were large at the ASOSs around which buildings and roads were dense. On the other hand, when all land covers were assumed as grassland, the temperature change ratios were small. Wind speeds and directions at the ASOSs were also significantly influenced by topography and buildings when their heights were higher or similar to the observation heights. Obstacles even located at a long distance affected the wind observation environments. The results in this study would be utilized for evaluating ASOS observation environments in the relocating or newly organizing steps.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.337-350
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• 2009

The phenological change of plants is an indication of local and regional climate change. An increase in temperature due to global warming is manifest in the change of phytophenological events. In this study, trends in the plant phenology and its correlation with air temperature in South Korea were examined using observational data for 18 phenological phases. The spring phenological phases, such as sprouting and flowering, occurred earlier (from 0.7 to 2.7 days per 10-year) during 1945 ${\sim}$2007. while the autumn phases, such as full autumn tinting, moved later (from 3.7 to 4.2 days per 10-year) during 1989 ${\sim}$2007. The correlation between the plant phenology in spring with the air temperature from February to March is relatively high. The warming in the early spring (February March) by $1^{\circ}C$. causes an advance in the spring plant phenology of 3.8 days. The plant phenology in autumn also correlates with the average temperature in October. The autumn plant phenology for a $1^{\circ}C$ increase in October temperature occurs about 3.1 days later.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.85-94
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• 2008

This study is to construe spatio-temporal characteristics of temperature in cities and changes of climatical regions in analyzing a change of Korea Peninsular climate. We used daily mean air temperature data which was collected in South and North Korea for the past 34 years from 1974 to 2007. We created temperature map of 500m resolution using Inverse Distance Weight in application with adiabatic lapse rate per month in linear relation with height and temperature. In the urbanization area, the data analyzed population in comparison with temperature changes by the year. An annual rising rate of temperature was calculated $0.0056^{\circ}C$, and the temperature was increased $2.14^{\circ}C$ from 1974 to 2107. The south climate region in Korea by the Warmth index was expanded to the middle climate region by the latitude after 1990s. A rise of urban area in mean temperature was $0.5-1.2^{\circ}C$, Seoul, metropolitan and cities which were high density of urbanization and industrialization with the population increase between 1980s and 1990s. In case of North Korea, Cities were Pyeongyang, Anju, Gaecheon, Hesan. A rise in cities areas in mean temperature has influence on vegetation, especially secondary growth such as winter buds of pine trees appears built-up area and outskirts in late Autumn. Finally, nowaday we confront diverse natural events over climatical changes, We need a long-term research to survey and analyze an index on the climatical changes to present a systematic approach and solution in the future.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.106-115
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• 2020

In order to find out the relationship between spring phytophenological index and temperature index for the past nine years (2010~2018), this study identified the relationship between temperature changes and trends in spring phytophenological index of sprouting, flowering and leaf unfolding of Pinus densiflora Siebold & Zucc., Larix kaempferi (Lamb.) Carrière, Quercus mongolica Fisch. ex Ledeb., Rhododendron mucronulatum Turcz., Lindera obtusiloba Blume and Acer pseudosieboldianum (Pax) Kom. in Daegu Arboretum, Palgong mt., Juwang mt. and Gaya mt. The change in temperature was caused by an increase in the monthly average temperature between March and April compared to February for nine years, and the average temperature of Daegu Arboretum and Palgong mt. were higher by region. The sprouting, flowering and leaf unfolding were the fastest of the Lindera obtusiloba and the slowest of the Pinus densiflora for each species, and the fastest plant season in Daegu arboretum came. SPI (Spring Phytophenological Index) tends to advance by -1.267~-6.151/9 years, with the largest Pinus densiflora (-6.151/9 years), with the lowest rate of change for Rhododendron mucronulatum (-1.267 days/9 years). Species which shows significant values in sprouting, flowering and leaf unfolding is Rhododendron mucronulatum and Pinus densiflora, which correlate with the mean temperature of January to March. As a result of checking the time series change of SPI, the change rate in the four regions was all negative and the phenolocal index was all accelerating. Among them, the rate of change was greater in inland areas such as Daegu arboretum, Palgong Mt. and Gaya mt. and the rate of change was slightly lower in the case of Juwang mt., which is somewhat distant.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.47-59
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• 2014

This study was conducted to estimate of future productivity for major spicy vegetables by the change of meteorological factors, temperature and precipitation. Based on analysis of meteorological factors, incidence of major disease(phytophthora blight and anthracnose) for hot pepper was over 50% with temperature over $18.3^{\circ}C$ in May and precipitation over 532 mm in July. And the meteorological factors in the August have deeply related to the incidence of virus disease(CMV and BBWV2) for hot pepper, however, both the meteorological factors and the incidence of virus disease showed to the opposite tendency. An analysis of the relevance of the white rot disease and the meteorological factors for garlic, a disease was highly investigated with temperature $15.0^{\circ}C$ to $15.9^{\circ}C$ in April to May. On the onion, higher incidence of white rot was investigated with temperature over $4.0^{\circ}C$ in November to January and precipitation over 40 mm in March. The occurrence of major disease for spicy vegetables and meteorological factors as a result of regression analysis, the optimal cultivation area of peppers and onions will be gradually expanded to the central regions in the near future in Korea.