• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.139-144
• /
• 1999

In order to clarify ecological survival strategy of Rumex crispus community dominating under contaminated area of lower region of Kumho riverside including Chimsangyo (CS), Paldalgyo (PD), Talseochon (TS) and Kumhogyo (KH), we analyzed the content of heavy metals and inorganic matter and vegetative growth. R. crispus showed rapid formation of community by high growth rate, high T/R ratio and showed maximum T/R ratio at the contaminated area Talseochon. Nitrogen and phosphorus contents in R. crispus showed high value in shoot than that of root. T/R ratio of nitrogen and phosphorus showed 3.1∼3.6 and 1.5∼4.5 for the early growth stage, and 6.7∼17.3 and 3.9∼8.3 for the late one, respectively. The absorbed heavy metals by riot were translocated to shoot, the heavy metal content in shoot higher than those in root of Cu, Zn, Fe, and Pb for 3.6, 1.7, 1.5 and 4.8 times, respectively. Distribution ratio of the heavy metals in each organ showed 61∼85% and 15∼39% for shoot and root, respectively. R. crispus accumulated heavy metals in the order of Fe>Zn>Cu>Pb in shoot, and showed maximum values of Cu, Zn, Fe and Pb for 89.7, 376.6, 2946.1 and 13.2 ㎍/g dw, respectively at Talseochon in April. A physiological and morphological characteristics of R. crispus showed thickened leaf, increased water content above 80% and rapid growth of shoot. R. crispus showed ecological adaptation to the contaminated area by transportation of heavy metals and inorganic matter to shoot, and by accumulation of Ca ion in root.

• Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
• /
• v.19 no.4 s.50
• /
• pp.291-300
• /
• 2006

This study has been carried out to reveal the mineralogical compositions, the concentrations of heavy metals, and related factors in the sediments of the Kumho River which is the main tributary of the Nakdong River. Even though this river flows in a short distance, it runs through different geology and industrial areas and can be a good candidate to study different geological and anthropogenic factors affecting the concentrations of heavy metals in the sediment. The major rock-forming minerals were quartz and albite. Minor amount of orthoclase, microcline, and amphybole were also identified. Clay minerals including illite, chlorite, kaolinite were associated with those minerals. In the downstream, no noticeable changes in species and amount of minerals were observed, indicating there is almost no influence on the mineralogical compositions from rock types. The concentrations of heavy metals in the sediments are in the order of Zn > Pb > Cu > Ni > Cr > Co > Cd. Following the downstream, the concentrations of heavy metals generally increase, except Pb. The regional increase of the heavy metal content is well correlated with the location of the tributary. Without changes in mineral compositions, the main factors controlling the heavy metal contents are the locations of pollutant sources. Except Pb and Ni, most of the concentrations of heavy metals were thought to be enriched by the past pollutant sources.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• v.48 no.2
• /
• pp.115-121
• /
• 2015

In order to assess the water quality of Kumho river using Diatom Assemblage Index to organic water pollution (DAIpo) and to campare from the previous water quality, 5 sites in Kumho river were selected and assessed total of 6 times, every April and September from April 2010 to September 2012. As a result, 116 taxa were found in 2 Order, 3 Suborder, 7 Families, 26 Genera, 103 species and 13 varieties. Saprophilous species of 10 dominant species including Achnanthes minutissima, were increased as going to downstream sites. Correlation coefficients (r) between epilithic diatom communities and physicochemical factors were from - 0.62 to 0.71. Correlation coefficients (r) between TN and diatom indices (DAIpo, TDI) were 0.57 and 0.65, respectively. Therefore, epilithic diatom communities were greatly influenced by TN. The Correlation between DAIpo and TDI measured to be high in correlation coefficient (r=0.62) from the result of correlation analysis. Mean of DAIpo values ranged between 37.24~74.98 and decreased as going to downstream sites. Saprobic level was estimated as ${\beta}$-oligosaprobic at st. 1, ${\alpha}$-oligosaprobic at st. 2 and ${\beta}$-mesosaprobic at st. 3. But st. 4 and 5 which were ${\alpha}$-mesosaprobic and polysaprobic in the previous results, were improved as ${\beta}$-mesosaprobic. The RPId, general assessment of the water quality using DAIpo, was 52.27, which means the water quality of Kumho river was middle level.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.30 no.3B
• /
• pp.277-284
• /
• 2010

To examine how the width of connecting channels, the width of the Kumho lock gate, and the opening/shutting criteria of the Yeongam connecting channel lock gate affect the flood stage of Lake Yeongsan, Lake Yeongam, and Lake Kumho, located in the lower reaches of the Yeongsan River, unsteady flood routing was performed by connecting the three lakes into a single interlinked system. The coupled operation of the three lakes was found to have little effect when the widths of the lock gates and the Yeongam and Kumho connecting channels are set at the current level. The most effective way to lower the water level in Lake Yeongsan was to widen the Yeongam connecting channel, but this caused the water level in Lake Yeongam to rise. To lower the increased water level in Lake Yeongam by utilizing the water storage capacity of Lake Kumho, it was necessary to widen both the Kumho lock gate and the Kumho connecting channel. It was found that the optimum opening/shutting criterion for the Yeongam connecting channel lock gate is approximately EL.(+)0.8 m under the simulated conditions used in this study and the criterion allows of maximal lowering of the water levels in Lake Yeongam and Lake Kumho while maintaining a near-constant water level in Lake Yeongsan.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.713-719
• /
• 2007

금호강수계를 대상으로 1998년부터 2007년까지의 환경부의 수질측정망 대상수질자료를 이용하여 월별 수질경향을 LOWESS 경향분석법을 적용하여 장기수질경향을 분석하였다. 금호강을 상류, 중류, 하류로 구분하여 각각 3개 지점의 수질측정망에 대해서 대표수질항목인 BOD, TN, TP, EC에 대하여 수질환경 오염의 장기 경향을 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 금호강의 위치에 따른 수질오염의 연도별 변화를 나타내는 것으로 수질 개선의 지방자치나 중앙의 수질 정책과 행정에 도움을 줄 수 있을 것이다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2016.05a
• /
• pp.293-293
• /
• 2016

낙동강 유역에는 기후변화로 인한 자연재해를 예방하고 수자원확보 및 수질개선 등을 목적으로 4대강 사업을 진행하였으며, 이에 낙동강 수계에는 총 8개의 보가 건설되었다. 보가 건설됨에 따라 하천의 하상형태, 체류시간 등 다양한 하천수리 특성이 변화하였다. 환경기초시설 방류수는 보 건설이전에도 하천 유량에 미치는 영향력이 컸으며, 그 중요성으로 인해 하천유량에 대한 환경기초시설 방류수가 하천유량에 미치는 영향력 분석이 수행되었다. 그러나 4대강 사업 이전의 하천 유량 및 수질 특성에 대한 연구는 보 건설로 인해 변화된 낙동강 수계의 하천 수리 및 수질 특성을 반영하지 못한다. 따라서 보 건설로 인해 변화된 하천수리 특성이 반영된 연구가 수행되어져야 한다. 본 연구는 하천수리 특성이 변화된 낙동강 수계의 환경기초시설 방류수가 하천유량에 미치는 기여도를 분석하고자 한다. 환경기초시설의 방류수가 하천유량에 미치는 기여도는 주요 환경기초시설이 있을 경우와 없을 경우로 구분하여 기여도 분석이 수행된다. 이를 위해서 사용되는 모형은 SWAT이며, 금회에는 낙동강 수계의 금호강 유역을 연구대상유역으로 우선적으로 연구를 수행하였다. 본 연구는 환경기초시설 방류수가 하천유량에 미치는 기여도를 낙동강 전체유역으로 확장시키기 위한 선행연구가 될 수 있다. 또한 더 나아가 환경기초시설 방류수가 하천수질에 미치는 기여도를 분석하기 위한 선행연구가 될 수 있다. 하천유량과 수질에 대한 환경기초시설의 방류수 기여도가 정량화된다면, 낙동강 수계에 적합한 수질관리정책방안의 방향성을 제시할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
• /
• v.37 no.8
• /
• pp.472-479
• /
• 2015

This study was investigated occurrence and distribution patterns of UV filters in Nakdong River basin (mainstream, tributaries and sewage treatment plant (STP) effluents). 5 (EHS, BP-3, 4-MBC, BZC and EHMC) out of 7 UV filters were detected in 5 out of 20 sampling sites (mainstream and tributaries), 7 UV filters were not detected in mainstream samples, and the EHS, BP-3, 4-MBC, BZC and EHMC concentration levels in tributary samples were ND~60.8 ng/L, ND~72.1 ng/L, ND~57.2 ng/L, ND~60.1 ng/L and ND~85.2 ng/L, respectively. 5 (EHS, BP-3, 4-MBC, BZC and EHMC) out of 7 UV filters were detected in effluents of 11 STPs around the Nakdong River basin. The EHS, BP-3, 4-MBC, BZC and EHMC concentration levels in 11 STP effluents were ND~89.3 ng/L, ND~90.8 ng/L, ND~88.1 ng/L, ND~118.5 ng/L and ND~104.4 ng/L, respectively. According to the sampling season, distribution patterns and detected concentrations of 5 UV filters were similar in June and September 2014, but change ranges of distribution patterns and detected concentrations of 5 UV filters were highly variable in April and November 2014.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
• /
• v.37 no.7
• /
• pp.396-403
• /
• 2015

This study was investigated occurrence and distribution patterns of organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs) in Nakdong River basin (mainstream, tributaries and sewage treatment plant (STP) effluents). 3 (TCEP, TCPP and TBEP) out of 9 OPFRs were detected in 6 out of 20 sampling sites (mainstream and tributaries), The TCPP and TBEP concentration levels in mainstream samples were ND~114.9 ng/L ng/L and ND~49.1 ng/L, respectively. And the TCEP, TCPP and TBEP concentration levels in tributary samples were ND~1,865.3 ng/L, ND~519.2 ng/L and ND~210.4 ng/L, respectively. 4 (TBP, TCEP, TCPP and TBEP) out of 9 OPFRs were detected in effluents of 11 STPs around the Nakdong River basin. The TBP, TCEP, TCPP and TBEP concentration levels in 11 STP effluents were ND~458.5 ng/L, ND~2,932.7 ng/L, ND~1,320.7 ng/L and ND~655.2 ng/L, respectively. According to the sampling season, change ranges of distribution patterns and detected concentrations of OPFRs were highly variable in the same sampling sites.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.257-261
• /
• 2003

Population of small mammals (Apodemus agrarius and Crocidura lasiura) was monitored to identify the bioaccumulation of heavy metals in Gumho river basin around Daegu city. The small mammals were captured during 28 of May~12 of June, 2002. The techniques of live-trapping and snap-trapping were applied to capture the animals. A total of 39 animals were captured among which 53.3% (16130) of population were reached to breeding. Heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd) were analyzed. According to the analysis of heavy metal elements, Zn was more accumulated in kidney (6.83 mg $kg^{-1}$) than in liver (3.66). However, the accumulation of Cu was higher in liver than in kidney. Even though this site was relatively away from major industrial zones, heavy metals were wide spread along the stream of Gumbo River. This is the first quantitative study of small mammal bioaccumulation of heavy metals in Korea so that further research should be followed in other industrial areas that heavy metals were widely dispersed.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.29 no.6
• /
• pp.414-429
• /
• 2020

For the management of rivers, the target water quality is set by establishing the total amount of water pollution and water environment basic plan. For Geumho river T-P has achieved the target water quality, but for BOD, COD, TOC the target water quality of the water environment basic plan has been exceed for the past five years. Therefore, the flow rate for satisfying the target water quality was simulated by analyzing the load, load density, and pollution contribution rate of the Geumho river using BOD, COD, TOC and by utilizing QUAL-MEV a one-dimensional water quality model. According to the analysis of the load, the BOD, COD and TOC all showed the highest levels at the Geumho C point at 9,832.2 kg/day 20,656.6 kg/day, and 15,545.1 kg/day. The load density was highest at 9.47 kg/day/㎢, 37.55 kg/day/㎢, 30.20 kg/day/㎢, and 17.19 kg/day/㎢, 39.14 kg/day/㎢ in Dalseocheon stream during the wet seasons and dry seasons. Pollution contribution rate was highest at about 25 percent for Palgeocheon stream during the wet season and about 50 percent for Dalseocheon stream during the dry season. In addition, the correlation analysis between organic materials showed in the main stream and tributaty of the Geumho river that COD-TOC was 0.8 or higherthan BOD-COD and BOD-TOC in both the wet seasons and dry seasons. And after surveying the total amount of water pollution and the target quality of the water environment basic plan at Geumho C, it was analyzed that an additional flow tate of 14 times and 22 times was needed as of April 2019 (3.46 ㎥/sec).