• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.315-333
• /
• 2008

This study aims at analyzing the characteristics of muscular men's somatotype to develop their clothing pattern. The body sizes of 168 men categorized as the muscular type according to the Somatotype Classification by Sheldon and Heath-Carter, were compared with the 5th Korean body size measurement (KBSM) conducted by SizeKorea in 2003, to analyze the characteristics of muscular men's somatotype. The results are as follows: 1. Compared to the 5th KBSM, the subject's body size is higher in the Chest, Upper Arm, Calf, Hip, and Thigh Circumference, and Thigh Thickness, and Waist Back and Biacromion Length, but lower in the Waist Circumference. 2. The subject group shows the characteristics of a wedge-shaped somatotype which has a broad chest and a slim waist, and of having a back more developed, longer and more curved, compared to the non-muscular men. 3. The study shows the subject group has the characteristics of both the wedged somatotype with wide chest and slim waist, and the X somatotype with projected hips and thighs.

• Journal of Aquaculture
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.439-447
• /
• 1997

A specific disease syndrome, which led to massive mortality on the Korean mandarin fish fingerling (Sinperca scherzeri) at Chongpyong Inland Fisheries Institute was atudied. The causetive agent isolated from the diseased fish was identified as Aeromonas hydrophila on the basis of biochemical and physiological characteristics. Infection experiments in the Korean mandarin fish fingerling, weighting 3-4 g with A. hydrophila were conducted by immersion, oral administration, intramuscular injection, and injection of the soluble extracellular products secreted from it. Motality rate was higher virulence in intramuscular injection group than other experimental groups. In injection group of the soluble extracellular products, all fish treated with high concentration ($8{\times}10^9$ cfu/ml) were repidly killed into 3-6 hrs. There results show that the Korea mandarin fish fingerling has high susceptibility to A. hydrophila.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers A
• /
• v.48 no.8
• /
• pp.1046-1053
• /
• 1999

The musculotendon model is presented to show the declines in muscle force and shortening velocity during muscle fatigue due to the repeated functional electrical stimulation (FES). It consists of the nonlinear activation and contraction dynamics including physiological concepts of muscle fatigue. The activation dynamics represents $Ca^{2+}$ binding and unbinding mechanism with troponins of cross-bridges in sarcoplasm. It has the constant binding rate or activation time constant and two step nonlinear unbinding rate or inactivation time constant. The contraction dynamics is the modified Hill type model to represent muscle force - length and muscle force - velocity relations. A muscle fatigue profile as a function of the intracellular acidification, pH is applied into the contraction dynamics to represent the force decline. The computer simulation shows that muscle force and shortening velocity decline in stimulation time. And we validate the model. The model can predicts the proper muscle force without changing its parameters even when existing the estimation errors of the optimal fiber length. The change in the estimate of the optimal fiber length has an effect only on muscle time constant in transient period not on the tetanic force in the steady-state and relaxation periods.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.152-159
• /
• 2019

Purpose: To understand awareness, attitude and knowledge levels of muscle health of adults over 18 years old. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study using questionnaires. A total of 401 questionnaires were included for final analysis. Mean and standard deviation of the continuous variables were analyzed and frequency analysis of categorical variables was performed. To identify differences according to general characteristics, t-test was used. Results: Awareness scores about the importance of muscle health and exercises were 8.3 and 13.0, respectively. Attitude score and knowledge score were 12.4 and 15.0, respectively. There were differences in attitude toward muscle health according to gender, age, physical activity, and diet habits. However, there was no difference in attitude toward muscle health according to educational level, smoking, drinking, or sleeping. Conclusion: It is necessary to seek a strategy to improve awareness and attitude toward muscle health based on knowledge, not merely to raise knowledge level about muscle health. Since nurses play a central role in health promotion and disease prevention, they should also play an important role in strategic development and application of intervention.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Mechanical Technology
• /
• v.20 no.6
• /
• pp.770-775
• /
• 2018

In this study, the characteristics of muscle relaxation were analyzed by the experimental and numerical method. A skin tissue was produced by imitational biological tissue using the agar powder, saline solution and sugar. The tissue was exposed to three types of wavelength-blue visible radiation(410 nm), red visible radiation(635 nm), and infrared ray(830 nm). The temperature results along the depth of tissue were measured according to the variation of light wavelength and irradiation time. The temperature change of the tissue shown up similar pattern regardless of the light wavelength kinds. The wavelength of infrared ray penetrated strongly into tissue between 3.2 mm and 11.4 mm. Also, the temperature change with the irradiation time was small, and the temperature value of the infrared ray was the largest. As a result, the muscle relaxation will occur mainly at the infrared wavelength.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
• /
• 2006.10a
• /
• pp.443-444
• /
• 2006

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
• /
• 2008.06a
• /
• pp.899-900
• /
• 2008

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
• /
• 2004.05a
• /
• pp.289-289
• /
• 2004

보행 시작(Gait Initiation)은 정적 기립상태에서 출발하여 일정한 보행주기가 반복되기 전까지의 과정을 말한다. 이러한 보행의 시작은 아주 짧은 시간에 무의식적으로 이루어지는 움직이지만, 신경계의 조절 근육의 작용 및 생체역학적인 힘의 복합적인 통합에 의해 이루어진다. 노인의 낙상은 보행시작의 과정에 있어서 주로 신체노화와 질병으로 인한 균형 조절능력의 감소를 가장 큰 요인으로 보고 있다. 하지만 지금까지는 주로 운동역학과 동적 근전도에 대한 연구가 주류를 이루었다.(중략)

• 기계와재료
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.14-22
• /
• 2011

노화가 시작되면 체력이 저하되어 면역기능이 떨어져 쉽게 병에 걸리고 환경에 대한 적응력이 떨어진다. 특히 60세 이상이 되면 근육 양과 근력이 급격히 가속화되어 신체적으로 약화되기 시작한다. 노화는 자연스럽게 진행되지만 꾸준한 운동을 통해 근력 저하 속도를 늦출 수 있다. 근력 증강을 위한 다양한 기기 개발에도 불구하고 노인들이 사용하는데 어려움이 있다. 특히 노인 신체적 특성에 맞는 운동기기 개발이 절실하며, 노인의 흥미를 유발시켜 자발적 참여를 유도하는 환경이 제공되어야 한다. 가상현실 기술은 실재하지 않거나 먼 거리에 있는 환경을 가상세계로 생성시켜서, 인간의 오감을 각종 인터페이스 장치를 통해 신호를 전달하여 가상의 현실 환경에 실재하고 있다고 느끼도록 만들어 주고, 가상세계와 상호작용을 통해 의료 진단, 치료, 재활 등에 유용한 도구 및 환경을 제공한다. 이러한 가상현실 기술의 특성 때문에 노인의 운동 참여와 운동 효과를 극대화 할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 근력의 특성을 분석하고 노화와 근력과의 관계를 조사하고, 상지근력 증강 운동기와 해당 가상현실 컨텐츠 그리고 관련 컨텐츠 개발 동향에 대해 제시하고자 한다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.129-138
• /
• 1989

In an attempt to characterize the ventral root afferent fibers, arterial blood pressure responses to stimulation of the ventral root (VR) were observed in anesthetized cats. Effects of the morphine administered either intravenously or direct spinally and of the spinal lesions on the pressor responses were compared. Followings are the results obtained. 1) Stimulation of the VR with C-strength, high frequency stimuli evoked a marked pressor response. No depressor response, which had been reported during peripheral nerve stimulation, was observed during VR stimulation with low frequency. 2) Acute cervical spinalization abolished the pressor response, indicating the involvement of supraspinal mechanism. 3) The ascending spinal pathways of the pressor response were located in the dorsolateral funiculus bilaterally. 4) Intravenously administered morphine exaggerated the pressor response to VR stimulation, while direct spinally administered morphine suppressed it. From the above results it was concluded that the ventral root afferent fibers have more similar properties to muscular C-afferent fibers than to cutaneous C-fibers.