• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.23-29
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• 2023

In this paper, we introduce a method to obtain high-quality results at a low cost for simulating musculoskeletal characters based on data from the reference motion through motion capture on two-legged walking through reinforcement learning. We reset the motion data of the reference motion to allow the character model to perform, and then train the corresponding motion to be learned through reinforcement learning. We combine motion imitation of the reference model with minimal metabolic energy for the muscles to learn to allow the musculoskeletal model to perform two-legged walking in the desired direction. In this way, the musculoskeletal model can learn at a lower cost than conventional manually designed controllers and perform high-quality bipedal walking.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.361-373
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• 2019

Falls are a threat to the physical health of the elderly as well as to their overall quality of life. The purpose of this study was to identify which type of exercise is effective for improving the balance of the elderly, and to obtain the basic data for developing the falls prevention exercise intervention program for the elderly. We compared to the differential effects between rhythmic step exercise and core muscle strengthening exercise in terms of functional balance test and self-reported balance test. Women older than 65 years and under 80 years of age were assigned to one of the step exercise group(21), core muscle exercise group(20), and control group(21), and for 8 weeks, twice per week, 20-30 minutes of exercise were treated. All participants performed one foot static balance test with open and closed eyes. And they responded to self-reported balance test, such as Fall Efficacy Scale(FES) and Activities-specific Balance Confidence(ABC) Scale. The results of statistical analysis are summarized as follows. First, rhythmic stepping exercise was more effective in improving functional balance than core muscle strengthening exercise. In particular, the effect of step exercise was obvious in the one-foot static balance test with open eyes. Second, the self-reported balance test showed better step exercise than core muscle exercise. Specifically, rhythmic step exercise was more effective in enhancing fall efficacy than core muscle exercise. In conclusion, the rhythmic step exercise was more effective in improving the balance ability of the elderly than the core muscle exercise. The rhythmic step exercise is more related to the lower extremity muscles, and especially since the rhythmic step exercise is performed in various ground changes, it seems to have a high similarity to the fall occurrence situation. For future research, we recommended the development of task-oriented ankle proprioceptive exercise intervention program and exercise equipment based on the specific motion situation in which the fall accident occurs in the elderly.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.47-55
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• 2000

요통은 산업화된 현대사회에서 흔히 발생하는 질환이다. 요통의 다양한 원인 중에서도 척추의 정상 가동범위를 넘은 불안정성이 요통의 한 원인으로 보고되고 있다. 이 문헌고찰의 목적은 요추 부위의 안정성을 부여하는 운동 프로그램 후 근육 기능의 강화, 통증의 감소를 보고한 논문들을 비교, 분석하는 것이다. 그리하여 요통의 한 원인인 척추의 안정성을 증가시켜 요추 부위의 통증을 감소시키고 기능을 향상시키는 운동 프로그램의 효과를 입증하는 것이다.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.25
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• pp.89-107
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of using cervical spinal stabilization exercise for the improvement of pain intensity, cervical range of motion, neck disability index, reposition sense, muscle tenderness with chronic neck pain in private security. For 21 patients diagnosed with chronic cervical pain and divided into cervical spinal stabilization exercise group and postural correction exercise group. Each exercise was conducted for 8 weeks. Pain and neck disability index were measured before and after exercise using the visual analogue scale(VAS) and the neck disability index(NDI). Range of motion were measured electronic goniometer, muscle tenderness of upper trapezius ad sternocleidomatoid were measured algometer, reposition sense were measured reposition panel before and after exercise. After 8 weeks of exercise, the cervical stabilization exercise group pain and neck disability were significantly decreased(p<0.05). Also there was significant difference in both group(p<0.05). In addition, range of motion, muscle tenderness reduce rate, reposition sense were significantly increase as compared to the pre-post exercise in cervical stabilization exercise group(p<0.05). But there was no significantly difference in postural correction group before and after exercise(p>0.05). And there was significantly increase more cervical stabilization exercise group than postural correction exercise group in range of motion, muscle tenderness reduce, reposition sense. In summary, cervical spinal stabilization exercise is more effective in improving cervical range of motion, muscle pain, reposition sense in private security on chronic cervical pain patients, in reducing patients' pain and disability. It is an effective treatment to aid rehabilitation in these cases.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.844-854
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• 2007

Purpose: This study was to verify the effect of muscle strengthening exercises using a Thera-Band on the lower limbs. Methods: The design utilized for this study was a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. A control group (16) and experimental group (16) were selected from stroke patients of K Oriental Medicine Hospital who were hospitalized for 5 months from December 2005 through April 2006. While only acupuncture therapy and physical therapy were used on the control group, acupuncture, physical therapy and additional muscle strengthening exercises using a red thera band were used on the experimental group. Muscle strengthening was performed 20 minutes per session, more than one session a day for 4 weeks. Hypotheses for this study were verified using Two-way repeated ANOVA and ANCOVA using a pre test score as a covariate. Results: The experimental group with thera band muscle strengthening exercises showed a decrease in asymmetry weight loading percentage(F=14.704, P= .010), range of knee (Z=-3.15, P= .001) & deep tendon reflex score(Z=-2.52, P= .012) and moving performance(F=12.328, P= .001)compared to the control group. Conclusion: It is confirmed that muscle strengthening exercises using a Thera-Band can be used as an effective nursing intervention to improve the function of the lower limb of hemiplegic stroke patients.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.84-93
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• 2001

The effects of brisk walking & muscle strengthening exercise on pain, fatigue, physical function & disease activity were examined in 28 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Research design was a quasi-experimental study of non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design. 14 for the experimental group and 14 for the control group were selected from the out patients on rheumatoid arthritis clinic of Dong-A University Hospital. The experimental group underwent 16 weeks of brisk walking and muscle strengthening exercise using Thera-Band. Pain, fatigue, physical function & disease activity was measured before and after 16 weeks of exercise. At baseline test, Fatigue & physical function score between groups were significantly different. So differences with in experimental group(baseline versus follow up) were compared with differences within the control group by Mann-Whitney test. There were significant differences between groups in the difference score on pain (U=6.50 p<.001) and fatigue (U=26.5 p<.01). For the experimental group, the score on the pain & fatigue was significantly decreased but no changed for the control group. Also there was a significant differences between groups in the difference score of the physical function (U=22.5 p<.001). For the experimental group, the score of the physical function has been significantly in creased. However, for the control group, it has been no changed. But there were no significant differences between groups in the ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate) and the CRP (C-reactive protein)level. In summary, brisk walking & muscle strengthening exercise led to significant improvements in pain, fatigue, and physical function without exacerbating disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.82-86
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• 2008

Many rotator cuff tears are operatively treated in recent years. Postoperative rehabilitation of rotator cuff repair is as important as diagnosis of disease or surgery itself. And it is a crucial factor on the prognosis of the surgery. For appropriate rehabilitation, surgeon should have knowledge about the anatomy and biomechanics of shoulder. The purposes of postoperative rehabilitation are to avoid additional injury, to decrease inflammation, to help healing process of collagen, to strengthen weak muscle, to recover decreased range of motion, to increase endurance of muscle and to protect the repair site and deltoid. These protocols must be individualized according to the condition of the patients.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.143-148
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• 1999

The focus of this study is to introduce the relationship between the Forward Bending Test and scoliosis. Our research screening process was conducted on elementary fifth and sixth grade school children. X-ray analysis on students who tested positive on the Forward Bending Test showed a strong positive relationship between the two. Thus, it is desirable that local schools participate actively in taking the Forward Bending Test for early detection of scoliosis among school children. In addition, schools should educate their students technigues that prevent scoliosis and the progress of it by teaching technigues how to sit up as well as muscle enhancing exercises around the spine and pelvic area.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.07d
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• pp.2175-2176
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• 2006

인간이 서서 걸으면서 나타나는 필연적인 증상의 하나인 요통은 전체 인구의 80%가 일생에 한 번 이상 경험하며, 20%정도는 항상 허리통증에 시달린다는 보고가 있다. 본 논문에서는 앉은 자세로 인한 요통에 대해서 연구하였다. 앉은 자세 변화에 따라 발생하는 작업자의 근육 근전도를 조사하고 분석하여, 인간공학적으로 적합한 앉은 자세 평가에 표면 전도의 유용성을 알아보았다. 개인에 따라 차이가 있지만 허리에 주는 부담은 앉아 있는 것이 누워 있을 때에 비해 7배, 서 있을 때보다 3배 정도로 크다. 머리를 숙이고 웅크리고 앉아 있거나 등을 구부정하게 앉아 있는 것은 체중이 골고루 분산되지 않아 허리에 주는 부담이 더 크다. 따라서 나쁜 자세로 인해 생기는 요통은 무엇보다 적절한 운동을 통해 복부와 허리의 근육을 강화시켜주는 것과 함께 자세를 바르게 갖도록 해야 한다. 등근육 근전도 신호를 이용하여 자신의 자세정보를 알 수 있도록 하여 앉은 자세를 관찰하고 자세가 바르지 못할 경우 스스로 바른 자세를 유지할 수 있도록 유도함으로써 나쁜 자세로 인한 요통 예방에 도움을 주고자 한다.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.63-69
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• 2016

이 임상례는 근육 경직으로 인한 견비통에 태충혈이 유효함을 제시하고 있다. 환자의 주관적인 만족도를 평가하기 위해 점수식 평점 척도(Numerical rating scale;NRs)를 측정하였고 어깨 경직의 객관적인 호전 정도를 평가하기 위하여 양측 견정혈의 통증 통각 역치(Pressure pain threshold;PPT)와 어깨 외전력, 어깨관절의 외전시 가동범위(Range of motion;ROM)을 측정하였다. 양측 태충혈에 15분간 유침 후 NRS는 5에서 2로 감소하였다. 치료 전 왼쪽 견정혈의 PPT는 19N이었고 오른쪽은 22N이었다. 치료 후 왼쪽 견정혈의 PPT는 22N이었고 오른쪽은 27N이었다. 치료 전 견관절의 외전력은 왼쪽에서 29N, 오른쪽에서 22N으로 측정되었다. 치료후 견관절의 외전력은 왼쪽에서 33N, 오른쪽에서 22N으로 측정되었다. 견관절 ROM은 치료 전과 후 동일하게 왼쪽 관절 170도, 오른쪽 관절 165도로 나타났다. 결론적으로, 태충혈 자극은 어깨의 경직을 해소하고 어깨 근력을 강화하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 그것은 상부 승모근의 압통을 감소시킬 수 있다. 이러한 측면에서, 태충혈의 효과에 대해서 보다 추가적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 보인다.